US4251478A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Porous nickel cathode
Assignee: PPG Industries Inc
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Filing: 1979-09-24
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Granted: 1981-02-17
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Expires: 1999-09-24
Abstract
Abstract Disclosed herein is a cathode having characterized by containing a major portion of nickel and a hydrogen overvoltage reducing amount of a second transition metal. Also disclosed is an electrolytic cell having an anode, a cathode, and a separator between the anode and cathode, where the cathode is characterized by a porous surface having a major portion of nickel and a hydrogen over voltage reducing amount of a second transition metal. Further disclosed is a method of electrolyzing an alkali metal chloride brine by passing an electrical current from an anode to a cathode to evolve chlorine at the anode where cathode is characterized by a porous surface containing a major portion of nickel and hydrogen overvoltage reducing amount of a second transition metal.
Inventors
- 👤 Cletus N. Welch
- 👤 John O. Snodgrass
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-02 15:23
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25B; C25B1/00; C25B1/01; C25B1/34; C25B1/46; C25B11/00; C25B11/04; C25B11/051; C25B11/073; C25B11/091
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 26
Claim 1
Independent Claim
79 words
In a method of electrolyzing an alkali metal chloride brine comprising passing an electrical current from an anode to a cathode whereby to evolve Cl 2 at said anode, the improvement wherein said cathode comprises an electroconductive substrate, an imporous nickel coating on the substrate, and a porous surface comprising a major portion of nickel and a hydrogen overvoltage reducing amount of a transition metal chosen from the group consisting of cobalt, molybdenum, titanium, tantalum, tungsten, niobium, and zirconium.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
79 words
In a method of electrolyzing an alkali metal chloride brine comprising passing an electrical current from an anode to a cathode whereby to evolve Cl 2 at said anode, the improvement wherein said cathode comprises an electroconductive substrate, an imporous nickel coating on the substrate, and a porous surface comprising a major portion of nickel and a hydrogen overvoltage reducing amount of a transition metal chosen from the group consisting of cobalt, molybdenum, titanium, tantalum, tungsten, niobium, and zirconium.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the transition metal is molybdenum and is chosen from the group consisting of elemental molybdenum, molybdenum carbide, molybdenum boride, molybdenum nitride, molybdenum sulfide, and molybdenum oxide.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 2 wherein the porous surface comprises from about 5 to about 50 weight percent molybdenum.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 3 wherein the balance of the porous surface consists essentially of nickel.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
79 words
In a method of electrolyzing an alkali metal chloride brine comprising passing an electrical current from an anode to a cathode whereby to evolve Cl 2 at said anode the improvement wherein said cathode comprises an electroconductive substrate, an imporous nickel surface on said substrate, and a porous surface comprising a major portion of nickel and a hydrogen overvoltage stabilizing amount of a transition metal chosen from the group consisting of titanium, tantalum, tungsten, niobium, molybdenum, cobalt, and zirconium.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
79 words
In a method of electrolyzing an alkali metal chloride brine comprising passing an electrical current from an anode to a cathode whereby to evolve Cl 2 at said anode the improvement wherein said cathode comprises an electroconductive substrate, an imporous nickel surface on said substrate, and a porous surface comprising a major portion of nickel and a hydrogen overvoltage stabilizing amount of a transition metal chosen from the group consisting of titanium, tantalum, tungsten, niobium, molybdenum, cobalt, and zirconium.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
54 words
A method of preparing a porous electrode comprising flame spraying nickel bearing particles, leachable constituent bearing particles, and particles bearing a transition metal chosen from the group consisting of cobalt, molybdenum, titanium, tantalum, tungsten, niobium, and zirconium onto an imporous nickel surface and leaching out said leachable constituent whereby to form a porous surface.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
54 words
A method of preparing a porous electrode comprising flame spraying nickel bearing particles, leachable constituent bearing particles, and particles bearing a transition metal chosen from the group consisting of cobalt, molybdenum, titanium, tantalum, tungsten, niobium, and zirconium onto an imporous nickel surface and leaching out said leachable constituent whereby to form a porous surface.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 6 wherein said leachable constituent bearing particles and said nickel bearing particles are the same particles.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 7 wherein said nickel and said leachable constituents are Raney nickel-aluminum alloy.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method of claim 6 wherein said transition metal is molybdenum and is chosen from the group consisting of elemental molybdenum, molybdenum carbide, molybdenum boride, molybdenum nitride, molybdenum oxide, molybdenum phosphide, and and molybdenum sulfide.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
51 words
A cathode comprising an electroconductive substrate, an imporous nickel coating on the substrate, and a porous surface atop the nickel coating comprising a major portion of nickel and a hydrogen overvoltage reducing amount of a transition metal chosen from the group consisting of cobalt, molybdenum, titanium, tantalum, tungsten, niobium, and zirconium.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
51 words
A cathode comprising an electroconductive substrate, an imporous nickel coating on the substrate, and a porous surface atop the nickel coating comprising a major portion of nickel and a hydrogen overvoltage reducing amount of a transition metal chosen from the group consisting of cobalt, molybdenum, titanium, tantalum, tungsten, niobium, and zirconium.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
32 words
The cathode of claim 10 wherein the transition metal is molybdenum and is chosen from the group consisting of elemental molybdenum, molybdenum carbide, molybdenum boride, molybdenum nitride, molybdenum sulfide and molybdenum oxide.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
19 words
The cathode of claim 11 wherein the porous surface comprises from about 5 to about 50 weight percent molybdenum.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
16 words
The cathode of claim 12 wherein the balance of the porous surface consists essentially of nickel.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
47 words
A cathode comprising an electroconductive substrate, an imporous nickel surface on said substrate, and a porous surface comprising a major portion of nickel and a hydrogen overvoltage stabilizing amount of a transition metal chosen from the group consisting of cobalt, molybdenum, titanium, tantalum, tungsten, niobium, and zirconium.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
47 words
A cathode comprising an electroconductive substrate, an imporous nickel surface on said substrate, and a porous surface comprising a major portion of nickel and a hydrogen overvoltage stabilizing amount of a transition metal chosen from the group consisting of cobalt, molybdenum, titanium, tantalum, tungsten, niobium, and zirconium.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
63 words
In an electrolytic cell comprising an anode, a cathode, and a separator therebetween, the improvement wherein the cathode comprises an electroconductive substrate, an imporous nickel coating on the substrate, and a porous surface comprising a major portion of nickel and a hydrogen overvoltage reducing amount of a transition metal chosen from the group consisting of cobalt, molybdenum, titanium, tantalum, tungsten, niobium and zirconium.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
63 words
In an electrolytic cell comprising an anode, a cathode, and a separator therebetween, the improvement wherein the cathode comprises an electroconductive substrate, an imporous nickel coating on the substrate, and a porous surface comprising a major portion of nickel and a hydrogen overvoltage reducing amount of a transition metal chosen from the group consisting of cobalt, molybdenum, titanium, tantalum, tungsten, niobium and zirconium.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
33 words
The electrolytic cell of claim 5 wherein the transition metal is molybdemum and is chosen from the group consisting of elemental molybdenum, molybdenum carbide, molybdenum boride, molybdenum nitride, molybdenum sulfide, and molybdenum oxide.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
20 words
The electrolytic cell of claim 16 wherein the porous surface comprises from about 5 to about 50 weight percent molybdenum.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
17 words
The electrolytic cell of claim 17 wherein the balance of the porous surface consists essentially of nickel.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
61 words
In an electrolytic cell comprising an anode, and a separator therebetween, the improvement wherein the cathode comprises an electroconductive substrate, an imporous nickel surface on said substrate, and a porous surface comprising a major portion of nickel and a hydrogen overvoltage stabilizing amount of a transition metal chosen from the group consisting of cobalt, molybdenum, titanium, tantalum, tungsten, niobium and zirconium.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
61 words
In an electrolytic cell comprising an anode, and a separator therebetween, the improvement wherein the cathode comprises an electroconductive substrate, an imporous nickel surface on said substrate, and a porous surface comprising a major portion of nickel and a hydrogen overvoltage stabilizing amount of a transition metal chosen from the group consisting of cobalt, molybdenum, titanium, tantalum, tungsten, niobium and zirconium.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1984-02-17 | 1984-08-18 | 1985-02-17 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1988-02-17 | 1988-08-18 | 1989-02-17 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1992-02-17 | 1992-08-18 | 1993-02-17 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |