US4310609A
Expired / Lapsed
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Metal oxide composite cathode material for high energy density batteries
Assignee: Greatbatch Ltd
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Filing: 1979-12-17
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Granted: 1982-01-12
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Expires: 1999-12-17
Abstract
Abstract An electrochemical cell incorporating cathode materials comprising at least one metal oxide, at least one metal, or mixture of metals or metal oxides incorporated in the matrix of a host metal oxide. The cathode materials of this invention are constructed by the chemical addition, reaction, or otherwise intimate contact of various metal oxides and/or metal elements during thermal treatment in mixed states. The materials thereby produced contain metals and oxides of the groups IB, IIB, IIIB, IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB, and VIII, which includes the noble metals and/or their oxide compounds. The incorporation of the metal oxides, metals or mixtures thereof substantially increases the discharge capacity and the overall performance of the cathode materials.
Inventors
- 👤 Charles C. Liang
- 👤 M. Elizabeth Bolster
- 👤 Robert M. Murphy
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 14:34
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01M; H01M6/00; H01M6/14; H01M6/16; H01M4/00; H01M4/02; H01M4/36; H01M4/362; H01M4/364; H01M4/48; H01M4/483; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/10
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 32
Claim 1
Independent Claim
119 words
An electrochemical cell having an anode of a Group 1A metal which is electrochemically oxidizable to form metal ions in the cell upon discharge to generate electron flow in an external electrical circuit connected to the cell and a cathode of electronically conductive material and characterized by an ionic conductive electrolyte solution operatively associated with the anode and the cathode, the cathode comprising a composite oxide matrix of vanadium oxide chemically reacted with at least one other metal selected from the group consisting of groups IB, IIB, IIIB, IVB, VIB, VIIB and VIII, said composite oxide being the thermal decomposition and reaction product of a mixture of vanadium oxide with at least one decomposable metal compound of said groups.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
119 words
An electrochemical cell having an anode of a Group 1A metal which is electrochemically oxidizable to form metal ions in the cell upon discharge to generate electron flow in an external electrical circuit connected to the cell and a cathode of electronically conductive material and characterized by an ionic conductive electrolyte solution operatively associated with the anode and the cathode, the cathode comprising a composite oxide matrix of vanadium oxide chemically reacted with at least one other metal selected from the group consisting of groups IB, IIB, IIIB, IVB, VIB, VIIB and VIII, said composite oxide being the thermal decomposition and reaction product of a mixture of vanadium oxide with at least one decomposable metal compound of said groups.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
30 words
An electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein the decomposable compound is selected from the group consisting of metal nitrate, metal nitrite, metal carbonate, and ammonium salts of transition metal oxyanions.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
34 words
An electrochemical cell of claim 1 wherein one component of the cathode comprises V 2 O x wherein x is less than or equal to 5 prepared by the thermal treatment of ammonium vanadate.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
32 words
An electrochemical cell of claim 1 wheren one component of the cathode comprises Ag 2 O x wherein x ranges from 0 to 1 prepared by the thermal treatment of silver nitrate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
49 words
An electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein the cathode comprises a mixture of V 2 O x wherein x is less than or equal to 5 and Ag 2 O x wherein x ranges from 0 to 1 prepared by the thermal treatment of vanadium pentoxide and silver nitrate.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
15 words
An electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein the cathode further comprises a suitable binder material.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
12 words
An electrochemical cell of claim 6, wherein the binder material is carbon.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
17 words
An electrochemical cell of claim 6, wherein the binder material is a mixture of carbon and Teflon.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
21 words
An electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein the electolytic solution comprises a Group IA metal salt dissolved in a nonaqueous solvent.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
14 words
An electrochemical cell of claim 9, wherein the nonaqueous solvent comprises an inorganic solvent.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
14 words
An electrochemical cell of claim 10, wherein the nonaqueous solvent comprises an organic solvent.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
28 words
An electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein the cathode comprises a mixture of silver vanadium oxide and manganese oxide MnO x wherein x ranges from 1 to 3.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
48 words
An electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein the cathode comprises a mixture of Ag 2 O x wherein x ranges from 0 to 1 and manganese oxide MnO x , wherein x ranges from 1 to 3 prepared by the simultaneous decomposition of silver nitrate and manganese nitrate.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
43 words
An electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein the cathode comprises manganese oxide MnO x wherein x ranges from 1 to 3 prepared by the decomposition of manganese nitrate with subsequent addition of Ag 2 O x wherein x ranges from 0 to 1.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
51 words
An electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein the cathode comprises a mixture of silver oxide, Ag 2 O x wherein x ranges from 0 to 1 and manganese oxide, MnO x wherein x ranges from 1 to 3 prepared by the decomposition of silver nitrate in the presence of manganese oxide.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
16 words
An electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein one component of the cathode comprises copper vanadium oxide.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
28 words
An electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein the cathode comprises a mixture of copper vanadium oxide and manganese oxide, MnO x wherein x ranges from 1 to 3.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
41 words
An electrochemical cell of claim 1, wherein one component of the cathode comprises a mixture of copper oxide, CuO x , wherein x ranges from 0 to 1 and manganese oxide, MnO x , wherein x ranges from 1 to 3.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
59 words
A cathode for an electrochemical cell comprising the composite oxide matrix of vanadium oxide chemically reacted with at least one metal selected from the group consisting of silver, copper, manganese and mixtures thereof, said composite oxide being the thermal decomposition and reaction product of a mixture of vanadium oxide with at least one decomposable metal compound of said group.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
59 words
A cathode for an electrochemical cell comprising the composite oxide matrix of vanadium oxide chemically reacted with at least one metal selected from the group consisting of silver, copper, manganese and mixtures thereof, said composite oxide being the thermal decomposition and reaction product of a mixture of vanadium oxide with at least one decomposable metal compound of said group.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
29 words
A cathode of claim 19, wherein the decomposable compound is selected from the group consisting of metal nitrate, metal nitrite, metal carbonate, and ammonium salts of transition metal oxyanions.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
32 words
A cathode of claim 19, wherein one component of the cathode comprises V 2 O x wherein x is less than or equal to 5 prepared by thermal treatment of ammonium vanadate.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
30 words
A cathode of claim 19, wherein one component of the cathode comprises Ag 2 O x wherein x ranges from 0 to 1 prepared by thermal treatment of silver nitrate.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
50 words
A cathode of claim 19, wherein the cathode comprises a mixture of V 2 O x wherein x is less than or equal to 5 and Ag 2 O x wherein x ranges from 0 to 1 prepared by thermal treatment of a mixture of vanadium pentoxide and silver nitrate.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
14 words
A cathode of claim 19, wherein the cathode further comprises a suitable binder material.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
11 words
A cathode of claim 24, wherein the binder material is carbon.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
16 words
A cathode of claim 24, wherein the binder material is a mixture of carbon and Teflon.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
30 words
The cathode of claim 19 wherein the decomposable metal compound is a copper salt and wherein said thermally decomposed product includes CuO x wherein x ranges from 0 to 1.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
32 words
The cathode of claim 19 wherein the decomposable metal compound is a manganese salt and wherein said thermally decomposed product includes M n O x wherein x ranges from 1 to 3.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
44 words
The cathode of claim 19 wherein the decomposable metal compound comprises a mixture of copper and manganese salts and wherein said thermally decomposed product includes CuO x wherein x ranges from 0 to 1 and MnO x where x ranges from 1 to 3.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
46 words
The cathode of claim 19 wherein the decomposable metal compound comprises a mixture of silver and manganese salts and wherein said thermally decomposed product includes Ag 2 O x wherein x ranges from 0 to 1 and MnO x wherein x ranges from 1 to 3.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1985-01-11 | 1985-07-13 | 1986-01-12 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1989-01-11 | 1989-07-13 | 1990-01-12 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1993-01-11 | 1993-07-13 | 1994-01-12 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |