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US4225469A
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Method of making lead and bismuth pyrochlore compounds using an alkaline medium and at least one solid reactant source
Assignee: ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
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Filing: 1978-11-01
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Granted: 1980-09-30
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Expires: 1998-11-01
Abstract
Abstract A method of preparing electrically conductive pyrochlore compounds having the formula: A2[B2-xAx]07-y is disclosed wherein A is selected from lead, bismuth and mixtures thereof, B is selected from ruthenium, iridium and mixtures thereof, O</=x</=1.0 and 0</=y</=1. The method involves reacting A and B cations using at least one solid reactant source of these cations in a liquid alkaline medium having a pH of at least about 13.5 in the presence of an oxygen source at a temperature below about 200 DEG C. for a sufficient time for reaction to occur.
Inventors
- 👤 Harold S. Horowitz
- 👤 John M. Longo
- 👤 Joseph T. Lewandowski
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-02 20:31
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01B; H01B1/00; H01B1/06; H01B1/08; C; C01; C01G; C01G55/00; C01G55/002; H01M; H01M4/00; H01M4/86; H01M4/90; H01M4/9016; C01P; C01P2002/00; C01P2002/30; C01P2002/36; C01P2002/50; C01P2002/52; C01P2002/54; C01P2002/70; C01P2002/77; C01P2006/00; C01P2006/12; C01P2006/80; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/30; Y02E60/50
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 43
Claim 1
Independent Claim
111 words
A method of preparing compounds having the formula: ti A 2 [B 2-x A x ]O 7-y wherein A is selected from the group consisting of lead, bismuth and mixtures thereof, wherein B is selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, iridium and mixtures thereof, wherein x is a value such that 0≦x≦1.0 and y is a value such that 0≦y≦≦1, comprising: reacting A cations and B cations from at least one solid cation reactant source in a liquid alkaline medium having a pH of at least about 13.5 in the presence of an oxygen source at a temperature below about 200° C. for a sufficient time for reaction to occur.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
111 words
A method of preparing compounds having the formula: ti A 2 [B 2-x A x ]O 7-y wherein A is selected from the group consisting of lead, bismuth and mixtures thereof, wherein B is selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, iridium and mixtures thereof, wherein x is a value such that 0≦x≦1.0 and y is a value such that 0≦y≦≦1, comprising: reacting A cations and B cations from at least one solid cation reactant source in a liquid alkaline medium having a pH of at least about 13.5 in the presence of an oxygen source at a temperature below about 200° C. for a sufficient time for reaction to occur.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
57 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said solid cation reactant source is an A cation reactant source selected from the group consisting of lead nitrate, lead monoxide, lead dioxide, lead chloride, lead acetate, lead tetraacetate, lead carbonate, lead citrate, lead oxalate, bismuth nitrate, bismuth trioxide, bismuth pentoxide, bismuth chloride, bismuth oxalate, and bismuth oxychloride and mixtures thereof.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 2 wherein said liquid alkaline medium is an aqueous basic solution of alkali metal hydroxide.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 3 wherein said aqueous basic solution contains a base selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, rubidium hydroxide, cesium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and mixtures thereof.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 4 wherein said reacting is performed within the temperature range of about 10° C. to about 100° C.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 5 wherein said pH is within the range of about 14 to about 15.5.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 6 wherein said reacting is performed within the temperature range of about 50° C. to about 80° C.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
47 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said solid cation reactant source is a B cation reactant source selected from the group consisting of ruthenium oxide, ruthenium oxyhydroxide, ruthenium chloride, ruthenium nitrate, ruthenium nitrosyl nitrite, iridium chloride, iridium hydroxide, and iridium oxalic acid as well as mixtures thereof.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 8 wherein said liquid alkaline medium is an aqueous basic solution of alkali metal hydroxide.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 9 wherein said aqueous basic solution contains a base selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, rubidium hydroxide, cesium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and mixtures thereof.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 10 wherein said reacting is performed within the temperature range of about 10° C. to about 100° C.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 11 wherein said pH is within the range of about 14 to about 15.5.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 12 wherein said reacting is performed within the temperature range of about 50° C. to about 80° C.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 1 wherein both A cation reactant and B cation reactant are from solid cation reactant sources.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
9 words
The method of claim 1 wherein A is lead.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
44 words
The method of claim 15 wherein said solid cation reactant source is an A cation reactant source selected from the group consisting of lead nitrate, lead monoxide, lead dioxide, lead chloride, lead acetate, lead tetraacetate, lead carbonate, lead citrate, lead oxalate and mixtures thereof.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 16 wherein said liquid alkaline medium is an aqueous basic solution of alkali metal hydroxide.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 17 wherein said aqueous basic solution contains a base selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, rubidium hydroxide, cesium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and mixtures thereof.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 18 wherein said reacting is performed within the temperature range of about 10° C. to about 100° C.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 19 wherein said pH is within the range of about 14 to about 15.5.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 20 wherein said reacting is performed within the temperature range of about 50° C. to about 80° C.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
47 words
The method of claim 15 wherein said solid cation reactant source is a B cation reactant source selected from the group consisting of ruthenium oxide, ruthenium oxyhydroxide, ruthenium chloride, ruthenium nitrate, ruthenium nitrosyl nitrite, iridium chloride, iridium hydroxide, and iridium oxalic acid as well as mixtures thereof.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 16 wherein said liquid alkaline medium is an aqueous basic solution of alkali metal hydroxide.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 17 wherein said aqueous basic solution contains a base selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, rubidium hydroxide, cesium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and mixtures thereof.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 18 wherein said reacting is performed with the temperature range of about 10° C. to about 100° C.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 19 wherein said pH is within the range of about 14 to about 15.5.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 20 wherein said reacting is performed within the temperature range of about 50° C. to about 80° C.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 15 wherein both A cation reactant and B cation reactant are from solid cation reactant sources.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
9 words
The method of claim 1 wherein A is bismuth.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method of claim 29 wherein said solid cation reactant source is an A cation reactant source selected from the group consisting of bismuth nitrate, bismuth trioxide, bismuth pentoxide, bismuth chloride, bismuth oxalate, bismuth oxychloride, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 30 wherein said liquid alkaline medium is an aqueous basic solution of alkali metal hydroxide.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 31 wherein said aqueous basic solution contains a base selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, rubidium hydroxide, cesium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and mixtures thereof.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 32 wherein said reacting is performed within the temperature range of about 10° C. to about 100° C.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 33 wherein said pH is within the range of about 14 to 15.5.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 34 wherein said reacting is performed within the temperature range of about 50° C. to about 80° C.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
47 words
The method of claim 29 wherein said solid cation reactant source is a B cation reactant source selected from the group consisting of ruthenium oxide, ruthenium oxyhydroxide, ruthenium chloride, ruthenium nitrate, ruthenium nitrosyl nitrite, iridium chloride, iridium hydroxide, and iridium oxalic acid as well as mixtures thereof.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 30 wherein said liquid alkaline medium is an aqueous basic solution of alkali metal hydroxide.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 31 wherein said aqueous basic solution contains a base selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, rubidium hydroxide, cesium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and mixtures thereof.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 32 wherein said reacting is performed within the temperature range of about 10° C. to about 100° C.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 33 wherein said pH is within the range of about 14 to about 15.5.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 34 wherein said reacting is performed within the temperature range of about 50° C. to about 80° C.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 29 wherein both A cation reactant and B cation reactant are from solid cation reactant sources.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1983-09-30 | 1984-03-31 | 1984-09-30 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1987-09-30 | 1988-03-31 | 1988-09-30 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1991-09-30 | 1992-03-31 | 1992-09-30 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |