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US4054550A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Process for producing cigarette filters

Assignee: Monsanto Ltd
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Filing: 1975-04-09
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Granted: 1977-10-18
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Expires: 1995-04-09
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Abstract

Abstract An improved process is provided for producing cigarette filters comprised of a substantially open-cell foamed thermoplastic polypropylene resin wherein a mixture comprising a thermoplastic polypropylene resin, a volatile blowing agent and a nucleating agent is extruded through a die to produce a strand of foamed resin with the strand then being cut into individual filter elements. The improvement comprises employing as a primary nucleating agent from 0.1 to 40 percent by weight, based on the weight of the resin, of a particulate compound of a metal selected from Groups IIA, IIIA or IVA of the Mendeleef periodic table of elements together with from 0.01 to 5.0 percent by weight, based on the weight of the primary nucleating agent, of a synergist consisting of an organic compound having a hydrophobic group and a hydrophilic group. A particularly effective combination is the use of calcium carbonate as the primary nucleating agent and potassium benzoate as the synergist compound.

Inventors

  • 👤 Frederick John Parker
  • 👤 Durgacharan Sen

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-11-06 13:00
CPC Classifications
A; A24; A24D; A24D3/00; A24D3/02; A24D3/0229; A24D3/0237; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S264/00; Y10S264/05; Y10S264/13; Y10S264/14; Y10S264/16; Y10S264/17; Y10S521/00; Y10S521/908

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 10
Claim 1
Independent Claim 342 words
In a process wherein a cigarette filter element comprised of a substantially open-cell foamed thermoplastic polypropylene resin is produced by the following steps taken in sequence: a. providing a foamable mixture comprised of a thermoplastic polypropylene resin, a volatile blowing agent and a nucleating agent; b. extruding said mixture through a die under controlled temperature conditions to produce a strand of foamed polypropylene resin wherein the melt temperature of the resin is maintained in the range of from 160° to 180° C and the temperature within 5 millimeters of the die is maintained in the range of from 155° to 165° C; c. passing said strand of foamed resin through sizing means to effect a cross-sectional diameter corresponding to that of a cigarette; and d. cutting the sized strand into individual filter elements; the improvement which comprises: i. employing a primary nucleating agent together with a synergist therefor in said foamable mixture, said primary nucleating agent being a particulate compound of a metal selected from Groups IIA, IIIA or IVA of the Mendeleef periodic table of elements and having a particle size in the range of from about 0.5 to 25 microns, and wherein said synergist is an organic compound having a hydrophilic group and a hydrophobic group wherein the hydrophilic group is ionic and the hydrophobic group is a hydrocarbon or a hydrocarbon having one or more hydrogen atoms substituted by a hydroxyl or halogen, said primary nucleating agent being present in said foamable mixture in an amount of from about 0.1 to 40 percent by weight, based on the weight of said polypropylene resin, and said synergist being present in an amount of from about 0.01 to 5.0 percent by weight, based on the weight of said primary nucleating agent; and ii. controlling the temperature of said extrusion such that the melt temperature of said polypropylene resin is maintained in the range of from about 155° to 180° C and the temperature within 5 millimeters of the die is maintained in the range of from about 150° to 180° C.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim 342 words
In a process wherein a cigarette filter element comprised of a substantially open-cell foamed thermoplastic polypropylene resin is produced by the following steps taken in sequence: a. providing a foamable mixture comprised of a thermoplastic polypropylene resin, a volatile blowing agent and a nucleating agent; b. extruding said mixture through a die under controlled temperature conditions to produce a strand of foamed polypropylene resin wherein the melt temperature of the resin is maintained in the range of from 160° to 180° C and the temperature within 5 millimeters of the die is maintained in the range of from 155° to 165° C; c. passing said strand of foamed resin through sizing means to effect a cross-sectional diameter corresponding to that of a cigarette; and d. cutting the sized strand into individual filter elements; the improvement which comprises: i. employing a primary nucleating agent together with a synergist therefor in said foamable mixture, said primary nucleating agent being a particulate compound of a metal selected from Groups IIA, IIIA or IVA of the Mendeleef periodic table of elements and having a particle size in the range of from about 0.5 to 25 microns, and wherein said synergist is an organic compound having a hydrophilic group and a hydrophobic group wherein the hydrophilic group is ionic and the hydrophobic group is a hydrocarbon or a hydrocarbon having one or more hydrogen atoms substituted by a hydroxyl or halogen, said primary nucleating agent being present in said foamable mixture in an amount of from about 0.1 to 40 percent by weight, based on the weight of said polypropylene resin, and said synergist being present in an amount of from about 0.01 to 5.0 percent by weight, based on the weight of said primary nucleating agent; and ii. controlling the temperature of said extrusion such that the melt temperature of said polypropylene resin is maintained in the range of from about 155° to 180° C and the temperature within 5 millimeters of the die is maintained in the range of from about 150° to 180° C.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 16 words
The process in accordance with claim 1 wherein said primary nucleating agent is an inorganic compound.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 15 words
The process in accordance with claim 1 wherein said primary nucleating agent is calcium carbonate.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 18 words
The process in accordance with claim 1 in which the synergist is benzoic acid or a salt thereof.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 14 words
The process in accordance with claim 1 in which the synergist is potassium benzoate.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 270 words
In a process wherein a cigarette element comprised of a substantially open-cell foamed thermoplastic polypropylene resin is produced by the following steps taken in sequence: a. providing a foamable mixture comprised of a thermoplastic polypropylene resin, a volatile blowing agent and a nucleating agent; b. extruding said mixture through a die under controlled temperature conditions to produce a strand of foamed polypropylene resin wherein the melt temperature of the resin is maintained in the range of from 160° to 180° C and the temperature within 5 millimeters of the die is maintained in the range of from 155° to 165° C; c. passing said strand of foamed resin through sizing means to effect a cross-sectional diameter corresponding to that of a cigarette; and d. cutting the sized strand into individual filter elements; the improvement which comprises: i. employing a primary nucleating agent in conjunction with a synergist therefor in said foamable mixture, said primary nucleating agent consisting of from about 0.1 to 40 percent by weight, based on the weight of said polypropylene resin, of calcium carbonate in particulate form with the particle size being in the range of from about 0.5 to 25 microns, and wherein said synergist consists of from about 0.01 to 5.0 percent by weight of potassium benzoate based on the weight of said primary nucleating agent; ii. controlling the temperature of said extrusion such that the melt temperature of said polypropylene resin is maintained in the range of from about 155° to 180° C and the temperature within 5 millimeters of the die is maintained in the range of from about 150° to 180° C.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 270 words
In a process wherein a cigarette element comprised of a substantially open-cell foamed thermoplastic polypropylene resin is produced by the following steps taken in sequence: a. providing a foamable mixture comprised of a thermoplastic polypropylene resin, a volatile blowing agent and a nucleating agent; b. extruding said mixture through a die under controlled temperature conditions to produce a strand of foamed polypropylene resin wherein the melt temperature of the resin is maintained in the range of from 160° to 180° C and the temperature within 5 millimeters of the die is maintained in the range of from 155° to 165° C; c. passing said strand of foamed resin through sizing means to effect a cross-sectional diameter corresponding to that of a cigarette; and d. cutting the sized strand into individual filter elements; the improvement which comprises: i. employing a primary nucleating agent in conjunction with a synergist therefor in said foamable mixture, said primary nucleating agent consisting of from about 0.1 to 40 percent by weight, based on the weight of said polypropylene resin, of calcium carbonate in particulate form with the particle size being in the range of from about 0.5 to 25 microns, and wherein said synergist consists of from about 0.01 to 5.0 percent by weight of potassium benzoate based on the weight of said primary nucleating agent; ii. controlling the temperature of said extrusion such that the melt temperature of said polypropylene resin is maintained in the range of from about 155° to 180° C and the temperature within 5 millimeters of the die is maintained in the range of from about 150° to 180° C.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 35 words
The process in accordance with claim 6 wherein said primary nucleating agent is employed in an amount of from about 1 to 15 percent by weight based on the weight of said thermoplastic polypropylene resin.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim 33 words
The process in accordance with claim 6 wherein said synergist is employed in an amount of from about 0.1 to 0.5 percent by weight based on the weight of said primary nucleating agent.

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1980-10-17 1981-04-18 1981-10-18 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 1984-10-17 1985-04-18 1985-10-18 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 1988-10-17 1989-04-18 1989-10-18 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

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