US5616154A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method for the catalytic conversion of organic materials into a product gas
Assignee: Battelle Memorial Institute Inc
•
Filing: 1994-04-15
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Granted: 1997-04-01
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Expires: 2014-04-15
Abstract
Abstract A method for converting organic material into a product gas includes: a) providing a liquid reactant mixture containing liquid water and liquid organic material within a pressure reactor; b) providing an effective amount of a reduced metal catalyst selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium, osmium and iridium or mixtures thereof within the pressure reactor; and c) maintaining the liquid reactant mixture and effective amount of reduced metal catalyst in the pressure reactor at temperature and pressure conditions of from about 300 DEG C. to about 450 DEG C.; and at least 130 atmospheres for a period of time, the temperature and pressure conditions being effective to maintain the reactant mixture substantially as liquid, the effective amount of reduced metal catalyst and the period of time being sufficient to catalyze a reaction of the liquid organic material to produce a product gas composed primarily of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen.
Inventors
- 👤 Douglas C. Elliott
- 👤 L. John Sealock, Jr.
- 👤 Eddie G. Baker
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 07:39
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10J; C10J3/00; C01; C01B; C01B3/00; C01B3/02; C01B3/32; C01B3/323; C10J3/72; C10J3/723; C10J3/78; C10K; C10K1/00; C10K1/02; C10K1/024; C01B2203/00; C01B2203/10; C01B2203/1041; C01B2203/1047; C01B2203/1052; C01B2203/1064; C01B2203/107; C01B2203/1076; C01B2203/1082; C01B2203/1088; C10J2300/00; C10J2300/09; C10J2300/0903; C10J2300/0906; C10J2300/0983; C10J2300/0986; C10J2300/12; C10J2300/1269; C10J2300/1276; C10J2300/18; C10J2300/1861; Y; Y02; Y02P; Y02P20/00; Y02P20/50; Y02P20/52
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 46
Claim 1
Independent Claim
153 words
A method for converting organic material into a product gas comprising: providing a liquid reactant mixture containing liquid water and liquid organic material within a pressure reactor; providing a metal catalyst within the pressure reactor, the metal catalyst comprising a first catalyst, the first catalyst comprising a reduced metal selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, iridium, rhodium and mixtures thereof; and maintaining the liquid reactant mixture and metal catalyst in the pressure reactor at temperature and pressure conditions of from about 300° C. to about 450° C. and at least 130 atmospheres for a period of time, the temperature and pressure conditions being effective to maintain the reactant mixture substantially as liquid for the period of time, the period of time as liquid being sufficient to allow the metal catalyst to catalyze a reaction of the liquid organic material to produce a product gas composed primarily of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
153 words
A method for converting organic material into a product gas comprising: providing a liquid reactant mixture containing liquid water and liquid organic material within a pressure reactor; providing a metal catalyst within the pressure reactor, the metal catalyst comprising a first catalyst, the first catalyst comprising a reduced metal selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, iridium, rhodium and mixtures thereof; and maintaining the liquid reactant mixture and metal catalyst in the pressure reactor at temperature and pressure conditions of from about 300° C. to about 450° C. and at least 130 atmospheres for a period of time, the temperature and pressure conditions being effective to maintain the reactant mixture substantially as liquid for the period of time, the period of time as liquid being sufficient to allow the metal catalyst to catalyze a reaction of the liquid organic material to produce a product gas composed primarily of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of converting organic material into a product gas of claim 1 wherein the metal catalyst comprises a second catalyst, the second catalyst comprising reduced nickel.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of converting organic material into a product gas of claim 1 wherein the temperature conditions are from about 300° C. to about 350° C.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of converting organic material into a product gas of claim 1 wherein the pressure conditions are from about 130 atmospheres to about 205 atmospheres.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of converting organic material into a product gas of claim 1 wherein the metal catalyst is supported on a carrier comprising alumina.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of converting organic material into a product gas of claim 1 wherein the metal catalyst is supported on a carrier comprising α-alumina.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of converting organic material into a product gas of claim 1 wherein the metal catalyst is supported on a carrier comprising bohmite.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method of converting organic material into a product gas of claim 1 wherein the metal catalyst is supported on a carrier selected from the group consisting of titania, zirconia, and carbon.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
84 words
The method of converting organic material into a product gas of claim 1 wherein the organic material comprises C m H n O g N j X r and liquid water is present in the reactant mixture in an amount equal to or in excess of the molar quantity according to the following formula: ##EQU2## wherein "X" is a halogen, "m" and "n" are each greater than or equal to one, and "g", "j", and "r" are each greater than or equal to zero.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
39 words
The method of converting organic material into a product gas of claim 9 wherein, the temperature conditions are from about 300° C. to about 350° C.; and the pressure conditions are from about 130 atmospheres to about 205 atmospheres.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of converting organic material into a product gas of claim 1 wherein the first catalyst is ruthenium.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method of converting organic material into a product gas of claim 1 wherein the first catalyst is selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium and mixtures thereof.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of converting organic material into a product gas of claim 12 wherein the metal catalyst comprises a second catalyst, the second catalyst comprising reduced nickel.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
54 words
The method of converting organic material into a product gas of claim 1 wherein, the first catalyst is selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium and mixtures thereof; the temperature conditions are from about 300° C. to about 350° C.; and the pressure conditions are from about 130 atmospheres to about 205 atmospheres.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method of converting organic material into a product gas of claim 1 wherein the first catalyst comprises reduced ruthenium, and wherein the metal catalyst comprises a second catalyst, the second catalyst comprising reduced nickel.
Claim 17
Independent Claim
168 words
A method for converting organic material comprising multi-carbon compounds into a product gas, the method comprising the following steps: providing within a pressure reactor a liquid reactant mixture containing liquid water and liquid organic material comprising organic compounds having carbon-carbon bonds; providing a metal catalyst the metal catalyst comprising a first catalyst, the first catalyst comprising a reduced metal selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, iridium, rhodium and mixtures thereof; and maintaining the liquid reactant mixture and metal catalyst in the pressure reactor at temperature and pressure conditions of from about 300° C. to about 450° C. and at least 130 atmospheres for a period of time, the temperature and pressure conditions being effective to maintain the reactant mixture substantially as liquid for the period of time, the period of time as liquid being sufficient to allow the metal catalyst to catalyze a reaction of the liquid organic material to break the carbon-carbon bonds and produce a product gas composed primarily of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen.
Claim 18
Independent Claim
168 words
A method for converting organic material comprising multi-carbon compounds into a product gas, the method comprising the following steps: providing within a pressure reactor a liquid reactant mixture containing liquid water and liquid organic material comprising organic compounds having carbon-carbon bonds; providing a metal catalyst the metal catalyst comprising a first catalyst, the first catalyst comprising a reduced metal selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, iridium, rhodium and mixtures thereof; and maintaining the liquid reactant mixture and metal catalyst in the pressure reactor at temperature and pressure conditions of from about 300° C. to about 450° C. and at least 130 atmospheres for a period of time, the temperature and pressure conditions being effective to maintain the reactant mixture substantially as liquid for the period of time, the period of time as liquid being sufficient to allow the metal catalyst to catalyze a reaction of the liquid organic material to break the carbon-carbon bonds and produce a product gas composed primarily of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of converting organic material comprising multi-carbon compounds into a product gas of claim 16 wherein the metal catalyst comprises a second catalyst, the second catalyst comprising reduced nickel.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method of converting organic material comprising multi-carbon compounds into a product gas of claim 16 wherein the temperature conditions are from about 300° C. to about 350° C.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method of converting organic material comprising multi-carbon compounds into a product gas of claim 18 wherein the pressure conditions are from about 130 atmospheres to about 205 atmospheres.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of converting organic material comprising multi-carbon compounds into a product gas of claim 16 wherein the metal catalyst is supported on a carrier comprising alumina.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of converting organic material comprising multi-carbon compounds into a product gas of claim 16 wherein the metal catalyst is supported on a carrier comprising α-alumina.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of converting organic material comprising multi-carbon compounds into a product gas of claim 16 wherein the metal catalyst is supported on a carrier comprising bohmite.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method of converting organic material into a product gas of claim 16 wherein the metal catalyst is supported on a carrier selected from the group consisting of titania, zirconia, and carbon.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
87 words
The method of converting organic material comprising multi-carbon compounds into a product gas of claim 16 wherein the organic material comprises C m H n O g N j X r and liquid water is present in the reactant mixture in an amount equal to or in excess of the molar quantity according to the following formula: ##EQU3## wherein "X" is a halogen, "m" and "n" are each greater than or equal to one, and "g", "j", and "r" are each greater than or equal to zero.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
42 words
The method of converting organic material comprising multi-carbon compounds into a product gas of claim 24 wherein, the temperature conditions are from about 300° C. to about 350° C.; and the pressure conditions are from about 130 atmospheres to about 205 atmospheres.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of converting organic material comprising multi-carbon compounds into a product gas of claim 18 wherein the first catalyst is ruthenium.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method of converting organic, material comprising multi-carbon compounds into a product gas of claim 16 wherein the first catalyst is selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium and mixtures thereof.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of converting organic material comprising multi-carbon compounds into a product gas of claim 27 wherein the metal catalyst comprises a second catalyst, the second catalyst comprising reduced nickel.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
57 words
The method of converting organic material comprising multi-carbon compounds into a product gas of claim 16 wherein, the first catalyst is selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium and mixtures thereof; the temperature conditions are from about 300° C. to about 350° C.; and the pressure conditions are from about 130 atmospheres to about 205 atmospheres.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
39 words
The method of converting organic material comprising multi-carbon compounds into a product gas of claim 16 wherein the reduced metal catalyst comprises reduced ruthenium, and wherein the metal catalyst comprises a second catalyst, the second catalyst comprising reduced nickel.
Claim 33
Independent Claim
195 words
A method for converting oxygenated hydrocarbon material into a product gas comprising: providing a liquid reactant mixture containing liquid water and liquid oxygenated hydrocarbon material within a pressure reactor; providing a metal catalyst within the pressure reactor, the metal catalyst comprising reduced ruthenium supported on a catalyst carrier, the reduced ruthenium comprising 5% by weight of the combined reduced ruthenium and said carrier; the liquid reactant mixture and the combined reduced ruthenium catalyst with carrier being fed to the pressure reactor at a liquid hourly space velocity ratio of from about 1.9 to about 3.9 liters of reactant per liters of combined reduced ruthenium catalyst with carrier per hour; and maintaining the liquid reactant mixture and metal catalyst in the pressure reactor at temperature and pressure conditions of from about 300° C. to about 450° C. and at least 130 atmospheres for a period of time, the temperature and pressure conditions being effective to maintain the reactant mixture substantially as liquid, the period of time being sufficient to allow the metal catalyst to catalyze a reaction of the liquid oxygenated hydrocarbon material to produce a product gas composed primarily of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen.
Claim 34
Independent Claim
195 words
A method for converting oxygenated hydrocarbon material into a product gas comprising: providing a liquid reactant mixture containing liquid water and liquid oxygenated hydrocarbon material within a pressure reactor; providing a metal catalyst within the pressure reactor, the metal catalyst comprising reduced ruthenium supported on a catalyst carrier, the reduced ruthenium comprising 5% by weight of the combined reduced ruthenium and said carrier; the liquid reactant mixture and the combined reduced ruthenium catalyst with carrier being fed to the pressure reactor at a liquid hourly space velocity ratio of from about 1.9 to about 3.9 liters of reactant per liters of combined reduced ruthenium catalyst with carrier per hour; and maintaining the liquid reactant mixture and metal catalyst in the pressure reactor at temperature and pressure conditions of from about 300° C. to about 450° C. and at least 130 atmospheres for a period of time, the temperature and pressure conditions being effective to maintain the reactant mixture substantially as liquid, the period of time being sufficient to allow the metal catalyst to catalyze a reaction of the liquid oxygenated hydrocarbon material to produce a product gas composed primarily of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 31 wherein the oxygenated hydrocarbon material comprises aromatic compounds.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 31 wherein the oxygenated hydrocarbon material comprises ketone compounds.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 31 wherein the oxygenated hydrocarbon material is selected from the group consisting of phenol, cresol, para-cresol, and methylisobutyl ketone.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 31 wherein the oxygenated hydrocarbon material is selected from the group consisting of phenol and para-cresol.
Claim 39
Independent Claim
214 words
A method for converting oxygenated hydrocarbon material comprising multi-carbon compounds into a product gas, the method comprising the following steps: providing within a pressure reactor a liquid reactant mixture containing liquid water and liquid oxygenated hydrocarbon material comprising organic compounds having carbon-carbon bonds; providing a metal catalyst within the pressure reactor, the metal catalyst comprising reduced ruthenium supported on a catalyst carrier, the reduced ruthenium comprising 5% by weight of the combined reduced ruthenium and said carrier; the liquid reactant mixture and the combined reduced ruthenium catalyst with carrier being fed to the pressure reactor at a liquid hourly space velocity ratio of from about 1.9 to about 3.9 liters of reactant per liters of combined reduced ruthenium catalyst with carrier per hour; and maintaining the liquid reactant mixture and metal catalyst in the pressure reactor at temperature and pressure conditions of from about 300° C. to about 450° C. and at least 130 atmospheres for a period of time, the temperature and pressure conditions being effective to maintain the reactant mixture substantially as liquid, the period of time being sufficient to allow the metal catalyst to catalyze a reaction of the liquid oxygenated hydrocarbon material to break the carbon-carbon bonds and produce a product gas composed primarily of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen.
Claim 40
Independent Claim
214 words
A method for converting oxygenated hydrocarbon material comprising multi-carbon compounds into a product gas, the method comprising the following steps: providing within a pressure reactor a liquid reactant mixture containing liquid water and liquid oxygenated hydrocarbon material comprising organic compounds having carbon-carbon bonds; providing a metal catalyst within the pressure reactor, the metal catalyst comprising reduced ruthenium supported on a catalyst carrier, the reduced ruthenium comprising 5% by weight of the combined reduced ruthenium and said carrier; the liquid reactant mixture and the combined reduced ruthenium catalyst with carrier being fed to the pressure reactor at a liquid hourly space velocity ratio of from about 1.9 to about 3.9 liters of reactant per liters of combined reduced ruthenium catalyst with carrier per hour; and maintaining the liquid reactant mixture and metal catalyst in the pressure reactor at temperature and pressure conditions of from about 300° C. to about 450° C. and at least 130 atmospheres for a period of time, the temperature and pressure conditions being effective to maintain the reactant mixture substantially as liquid, the period of time being sufficient to allow the metal catalyst to catalyze a reaction of the liquid oxygenated hydrocarbon material to break the carbon-carbon bonds and produce a product gas composed primarily of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 36 wherein the oxygenated hydrocarbon material comprises aromatic compounds.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 36 wherein the oxygenated hydrocarbon material comprises ketone compounds.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 36 wherein the oxygenated hydrocarbon material is selected from the group consisting of phenol, cresol, para-cresol and methylisobutyl ketone.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 36 wherein the oxygenated hydrocarbon material is selected from the group consisting of phenol and para-cresol.
Claim 45
Independent Claim
221 words
A method for converting organic material into a product gas, wherein the organic material comprises organic compounds selected from the group consisting of aliphatic compounds, aromatic compounds, oxygenated hydrocarbon compounds, nitrogenated hydrocarbon compounds and chlorinated hydrocarbon compounds, the method comprising: providing a liquid reactant mixture containing liquid water and liquid hydrocarbon material within a pressure reactor; providing a metal catalyst within the pressure reactor, the metal catalyst comprising reduced ruthenium supported on a catalyst carrier, the reduced ruthenium comprising 5% by weight of the combined reduced ruthenium and said carrier; the liquid reactant mixture and the combined reduced ruthenium catalyst with carrier being fed to the pressure reactor at a liquid hourly space velocity ratio of from about 1.9 to about 3.9 liters of reactant per liters of combined reduced ruthenium catalyst with carrier per hour; and maintaining the liquid reactant mixture and metal catalyst in the pressure reactor at temperature and pressure conditions of from about 300° C. to about 450° C. and at least 130 atmospheres for a period of time, the temperature and pressure conditions being effective to maintain the reactant mixture substantially as liquid, the period of time being sufficient to allow the metal catalyst to catalyze a reaction of the liquid hydrocarbon material to produce a product gas composed primarily of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen.
Claim 46
Independent Claim
221 words
A method for converting organic material into a product gas, wherein the organic material comprises organic compounds selected from the group consisting of aliphatic compounds, aromatic compounds, oxygenated hydrocarbon compounds, nitrogenated hydrocarbon compounds and chlorinated hydrocarbon compounds, the method comprising: providing a liquid reactant mixture containing liquid water and liquid hydrocarbon material within a pressure reactor; providing a metal catalyst within the pressure reactor, the metal catalyst comprising reduced ruthenium supported on a catalyst carrier, the reduced ruthenium comprising 5% by weight of the combined reduced ruthenium and said carrier; the liquid reactant mixture and the combined reduced ruthenium catalyst with carrier being fed to the pressure reactor at a liquid hourly space velocity ratio of from about 1.9 to about 3.9 liters of reactant per liters of combined reduced ruthenium catalyst with carrier per hour; and maintaining the liquid reactant mixture and metal catalyst in the pressure reactor at temperature and pressure conditions of from about 300° C. to about 450° C. and at least 130 atmospheres for a period of time, the temperature and pressure conditions being effective to maintain the reactant mixture substantially as liquid, the period of time being sufficient to allow the metal catalyst to catalyze a reaction of the liquid hydrocarbon material to produce a product gas composed primarily of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen.
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