Patent FR2270774B3 successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
Patent US20020036788A1 successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US5586408A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Surface for sports and other uses
Assignee: Turf Stabilization Technologies Inc
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Filing: 1994-11-04
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Granted: 1996-12-24
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Expires: 2014-11-04
Abstract
Abstract An improved surface includes a synthetic turf base positioned atop a foundation. The synthetic turf base includes imitation grass blades secured to a backing. The synthetic turf base also includes a surface layer of material supported by the backing and intermixed with the imitation grass blades. Natural grass is planted in the surface layer of material wherein the natural grass includes natural grass blades and roots. The backing is provided with perforations or openings sufficient in number to permit the roots of the natural grass to extend through the backing into the sub-base of the foundation. The natural grass improves the overall desirability of the surface by improving its durability, increasing its life span, reducing the cost of installation, reducing the cost of maintenance, improving comfort for users, and improving the benefits to the ecology.
Inventors
- 👤 Jerry G. Bergevin
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 14:16
CPC Classifications
E; E01; E01C; E01C13/00; E01C9/00; E01C9/004; A; A63; A63C; A63C19/00; A63C19/04; E01C13/08; E01C13/083; E01C2013/086; Y; Y02; Y02A; Y02A30/00; Y02A30/30
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 23
Claim 1
Independent Claim
146 words
A grass playing surface comprising: (a) a foundation; (b) an artificial grass turf located on top of the foundation, the artificial grass turf having generally vertically upright fibers mounted in a porous backing material; (c) a layer of growth medium disposed in the artificial grass turf to a depth sufficient to substantially fill the artificial grass turf to the top of the fibers, the top of the fibers terminating at approximately the top of the layer of growth medium; and (d) natural grass plants having grass blades, crowns and roots, the grass plants disposed in the growth medium, the roots extending downwardly through the growth medium, the artificial grass turf, and into the foundation, the crowns being located slightly below the top of the artificial fibers and the grass blades extending upwardly above the top of the fibers forming a playing surface of substantially natural grass.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
146 words
A grass playing surface comprising: (a) a foundation; (b) an artificial grass turf located on top of the foundation, the artificial grass turf having generally vertically upright fibers mounted in a porous backing material; (c) a layer of growth medium disposed in the artificial grass turf to a depth sufficient to substantially fill the artificial grass turf to the top of the fibers, the top of the fibers terminating at approximately the top of the layer of growth medium; and (d) natural grass plants having grass blades, crowns and roots, the grass plants disposed in the growth medium, the roots extending downwardly through the growth medium, the artificial grass turf, and into the foundation, the crowns being located slightly below the top of the artificial fibers and the grass blades extending upwardly above the top of the fibers forming a playing surface of substantially natural grass.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
20 words
The grass playing surface of claim 1, wherein the backing material is formed at least partially of a biodegradable material.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
The grass playing surface of claim 1, wherein the fibers are tufted into the backing material.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
25 words
The grass playing surface of claim 1, wherein the fibers include holes extending through the fibers at least partially over the length of the fibers.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
179 words
A durable natural grass playing surface comprising: (a) a foundation; (b) artificial grass means for protecting crowns and roots of natural grass plants, located on the foundation, the top of the artificial grass means being located approximately coplaner with the surface of the ground, the artificial grass means including artificial grass fibers mounted in a porous bating material and extending generally vertically upwardly from the backing material, and a layer of growth medium disposed in the artificial grass fibers to a depth sufficient to substantially fill the artificial grass fibers to the top of the fibers so that, the tops of the grass fibers terminate approximately at the top of the layer of growth medium; and (c) natural grass plants having roots, crowns, and blades, the roots extending downwardly through the artificial grass means and into the foundation, the crowns being located below the top of the artificial grass means and the blades extending upwardly above the top of the artificial grass fibers and the top of the growth medium to fore a playing surface of natural grass blades.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
179 words
A durable natural grass playing surface comprising: (a) a foundation; (b) artificial grass means for protecting crowns and roots of natural grass plants, located on the foundation, the top of the artificial grass means being located approximately coplaner with the surface of the ground, the artificial grass means including artificial grass fibers mounted in a porous bating material and extending generally vertically upwardly from the backing material, and a layer of growth medium disposed in the artificial grass fibers to a depth sufficient to substantially fill the artificial grass fibers to the top of the fibers so that, the tops of the grass fibers terminate approximately at the top of the layer of growth medium; and (c) natural grass plants having roots, crowns, and blades, the roots extending downwardly through the artificial grass means and into the foundation, the crowns being located below the top of the artificial grass means and the blades extending upwardly above the top of the artificial grass fibers and the top of the growth medium to fore a playing surface of natural grass blades.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
20 words
The playing surface of claim 5, wherein the porous backing material is at least partially formed of a biodegradable material.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
15 words
The playing surface of claim 5, wherein the fibers are tufted into the backing material.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
24 words
The playing surface of claim 5, wherein the fibers include holes extending through the fibers at least partially over the length of the fibers.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
19 words
The playing surface of claim 5, wherein the artificial grass fibers terminate adjacent the upper surface of the ground.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
160 words
A method of protecting the crown and roots of natural grass plants while maintaining a natural grass playing surface, the method comprising steps of: (a) placing an artificial grass turf having generally vertically upright fibers mounted in a porous backing on a foundation; (b) filling the artificial grass turf with a growth medium to a depth substantially adjacent to a top of the fibers so that the top of the fibers terminate approximately at the upper surface of the growth medium; and (c) sowing grass seed on the top of the filled artificial turf so that the roots of the resulting natural grass plants extend through the growth medium, artificial grass turf, and into the foundation, the crowns of the resulting natural grass plants being located below the top of the fibers, and the blades of the resulting natural grass plants extending upwardly from the tops of the fibers to produce a playing surface formed substantially of natural grass blades.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
160 words
A method of protecting the crown and roots of natural grass plants while maintaining a natural grass playing surface, the method comprising steps of: (a) placing an artificial grass turf having generally vertically upright fibers mounted in a porous backing on a foundation; (b) filling the artificial grass turf with a growth medium to a depth substantially adjacent to a top of the fibers so that the top of the fibers terminate approximately at the upper surface of the growth medium; and (c) sowing grass seed on the top of the filled artificial turf so that the roots of the resulting natural grass plants extend through the growth medium, artificial grass turf, and into the foundation, the crowns of the resulting natural grass plants being located below the top of the fibers, and the blades of the resulting natural grass plants extending upwardly from the tops of the fibers to produce a playing surface formed substantially of natural grass blades.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method of claim 10, further comprising, after the sowing step, the step of strewing a shallow layer of growth medium over the top of the sown grass seed.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
128 words
A pre-seeded panel for forming a durable natural grass playing surface, the pre-seeded panel comprising: (a) a layer of artificial turf having generally vertically upright fibers attached to a porous backing material; (b) a layer of growth medium dispersed throughout the fibers to a depth sufficient to fill the artificial turf to approximately the top of the fibers, the layer of growth medium being stabilized by a binding material; (c) a layer of grass seed strewn over the top of the layer of growth medium; and (d) a shallow layer of growth medium strewn over the top of the layer of grass seed to fill the artificial turf to at least the top of the fibers, the shallow layer of growth medium being stabilized by a binding agent.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
128 words
A pre-seeded panel for forming a durable natural grass playing surface, the pre-seeded panel comprising: (a) a layer of artificial turf having generally vertically upright fibers attached to a porous backing material; (b) a layer of growth medium dispersed throughout the fibers to a depth sufficient to fill the artificial turf to approximately the top of the fibers, the layer of growth medium being stabilized by a binding material; (c) a layer of grass seed strewn over the top of the layer of growth medium; and (d) a shallow layer of growth medium strewn over the top of the layer of grass seed to fill the artificial turf to at least the top of the fibers, the shallow layer of growth medium being stabilized by a binding agent.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
19 words
The pre-seeded panel of claim 12, wherein the backing material is at least partially formed of a biodegradable material.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
12 words
The pre-seeded panel of claim 12, wherein the binding agent is biodegradable.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
13 words
The pre-seeded panel of claim 12, wherein the binding agent is water soluble.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
22 words
The pre-seeded panel of claim 12, wherein the fibers include openings to permit roots of natural grass to pass through the fibers.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
157 words
A method for forming a durable, natural grass playing surface, comprising the steps of: (a) providing a panel of artificial turf having generally vertically upright fibers attached to a porous backing material; (b) placing a layer of growth medium throughout the fibers to a depth sufficient to fill the artificial turf to approximately a top of the fibers; (c) stabilizing the layer of growth medium with a binding material; (d) strewing a layer of grass seed over the top of the layer of growth medium; (e) dispersing a shallow layer of growth medium over the top of the layer of grass seed to fill the artificial turf to at least the top of the fibers; (f) stabilizing the shallow layer of growth medium with a binding agent; and (g) placing a plurality of panels formed in accordance with steps (a)-(f) adjacent one another on a foundation and watering the panels to produce a natural grass playing surface.
Claim 22
Independent Claim
157 words
A method for forming a durable, natural grass playing surface, comprising the steps of: (a) providing a panel of artificial turf having generally vertically upright fibers attached to a porous backing material; (b) placing a layer of growth medium throughout the fibers to a depth sufficient to fill the artificial turf to approximately a top of the fibers; (c) stabilizing the layer of growth medium with a binding material; (d) strewing a layer of grass seed over the top of the layer of growth medium; (e) dispersing a shallow layer of growth medium over the top of the layer of grass seed to fill the artificial turf to at least the top of the fibers; (f) stabilizing the shallow layer of growth medium with a binding agent; and (g) placing a plurality of panels formed in accordance with steps (a)-(f) adjacent one another on a foundation and watering the panels to produce a natural grass playing surface.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method of claim 17, further comprising placing a plurality of preseeded panels adjacent one another on a foundation and watering the pre-seeded panels to produce a natural grass playing surface.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1999-12-24 | 2000-06-24 | 2000-12-24 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2003-12-24 | 2004-06-24 | 2004-12-24 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2007-12-24 | 2008-06-24 | 2008-12-24 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |