US5549880A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method of making lithium-vanadium-oxide active material
Assignee: Valence Technology Inc
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Filing: 1994-03-31
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Granted: 1996-08-27
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Expires: 2014-03-31
Abstract
Abstract A method of making an electrode active material of the nominal general formula LiV y O z where y is greater than 0 and up to about 3 and z is greater than 0 and up to about 8, comprises a series of steps. In the first step, lithium hydroxide is dispersed in an alcohol of the general formula C n H 2n+1 OH. The alcohol and the hydroxide are each in an amount sufficient to provide a lithium alkoxide of the general formula LiOC n H 2n+1 . Next, progressive amounts of an oxide of vanadium having the general formula V 2 O 5 (vanadium pentoxide) are added while stirring the mixture. The amount of vanadium pentoxide in the mixture is sufficient to provide about 3 moles of vanadium for each mole of lithium present in the alkoxide. Then, the mixture is heated to an elevated temperature for a time sufficient to change the color of the oxide of vanadium and provide a solid precipitate. The solid precipitate is separated from the mixture and dried to obtain a powder of an oxide of vanadium having the nominal general formula LiV y O z , 0<y≦3 and 0<z≦8.
Inventors
- 👤 Rene Koksbang
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 21:33
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01M; H01M4/00; H01M4/02; H01M4/36; H01M4/48; H01M4/485; C; C01; C01G; C01G31/00; H01M10/00; H01M10/05; H01M10/052; H01M4/13; H01M4/131; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/10
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
187 words
A method of making an electrode active material of the nominal general formula LiV y O z where y is greater than 0 but less than or equal to 3, and z is greater than 0 but less than or equal to 8, comprising: a. forming a mixture of lithium hydroxide dispersed in a alcohol of the general formula C n H 2n+1 OH, each of said lithium hydroxide and said alcohol being provided in an amount sufficient to provide a lithium alkoxide of the general formula LiOC n H 2n+1 ; b. adding to the mixture of step (a) progressive amounts of an oxide of vanadium having the general formula V 2 O 5 (vanadium pentoxide) while stirring the mixture; c. reacting the vanadium oxide with the alkoxide in the mixture of step (b) for a time sufficient to provide a solid precipitate of the general formula LiV y O z ; and d. separating and drying the solid precipitate of step (c) to obtain a powder of an oxide of vanadium having the nominal general formula LiV y O z , where 0<y≦3 and 0<y≦8.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
187 words
A method of making an electrode active material of the nominal general formula LiV y O z where y is greater than 0 but less than or equal to 3, and z is greater than 0 but less than or equal to 8, comprising: a. forming a mixture of lithium hydroxide dispersed in a alcohol of the general formula C n H 2n+1 OH, each of said lithium hydroxide and said alcohol being provided in an amount sufficient to provide a lithium alkoxide of the general formula LiOC n H 2n+1 ; b. adding to the mixture of step (a) progressive amounts of an oxide of vanadium having the general formula V 2 O 5 (vanadium pentoxide) while stirring the mixture; c. reacting the vanadium oxide with the alkoxide in the mixture of step (b) for a time sufficient to provide a solid precipitate of the general formula LiV y O z ; and d. separating and drying the solid precipitate of step (c) to obtain a powder of an oxide of vanadium having the nominal general formula LiV y O z , where 0<y≦3 and 0<y≦8.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein the mixture of step (b) includes 2 moles of the alkoxide for each 3 moles of vanadium pentoxide.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein the reacting step (c) is monitored by observing color change as the precipitate is formed.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein the reaction temperature of step (c) is in a range of 70° to 85° centigrade.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method according to claim 4 wherein the reaction temperature of step (c) is maintained for one half to three hours.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein the drying step is conducted at a temperature of 110° to 150° centigrade.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein the alcohol is selected from the group consisting of methanol and ethanol.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
181 words
A method of making an electrode active material of the general formula LiV y O z , where y is greater than 0 but less than or equal to 3, and z is greater than 0 but less than or equal to 8, comprising: a. forming a mixture of lithium hydroxide dispersed in ethanol each in an amount sufficient to provide a lithium alkoxide of the general formula LiOCH 2 CH 3 according to the reaction LiOH+CH.sub.3 CH.sub.2 OH→LiOCH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 +H.sub.2 O b. adding to the mixture of step (a) progressive amounts of an oxide of vanadium having the general formula V 2 O 5 (vanadium pentoxide) while stirring the mixture; c. reacting the oxide of vanadium with the LiOCH 2 CH 3 in the mixture of step (b) for a time sufficient to provide a solid precipitate of the general formula LiV y O z ; and d. separating and drying the solid precipitate of step (c) to obtain a powder of an oxide of vanadium having the nominal general formula LiV y O z , where 0<y≦3 and 0<z≦8.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
181 words
A method of making an electrode active material of the general formula LiV y O z , where y is greater than 0 but less than or equal to 3, and z is greater than 0 but less than or equal to 8, comprising: a. forming a mixture of lithium hydroxide dispersed in ethanol each in an amount sufficient to provide a lithium alkoxide of the general formula LiOCH 2 CH 3 according to the reaction LiOH+CH.sub.3 CH.sub.2 OH→LiOCH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 +H.sub.2 O b. adding to the mixture of step (a) progressive amounts of an oxide of vanadium having the general formula V 2 O 5 (vanadium pentoxide) while stirring the mixture; c. reacting the oxide of vanadium with the LiOCH 2 CH 3 in the mixture of step (b) for a time sufficient to provide a solid precipitate of the general formula LiV y O z ; and d. separating and drying the solid precipitate of step (c) to obtain a powder of an oxide of vanadium having the nominal general formula LiV y O z , where 0<y≦3 and 0<z≦8.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method according to claim 8 wherein the ethanol is present in a solution of at least 50% ethanol.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method according to claim 8 wherein 96% ethanol is used and 0.5 moles of lithium hydroxide are used for each 200 milliliters of 96% ethanol.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method according to claim 8 wherein 0.75 moles of vanadium pentoxide are used in step (b) for each 0.5 moles of lithium hydroxide used in step (a).
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method according to claim 8 wherein the mixture of step (b) includes 2 moles of the alkoxide of step (a) for each 3 moles of vanadium pentoxide.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method according to claim 8 wherein reacting step (c) is monitored by observing color change as the precipitate is formed.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method according to claim 8 wherein the reaction temperature of step (c) is in a range of about 70° to 85° centigrade.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method according to claim 14 wherein the reaction temperature of step (c) is maintained for one half to three hours.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method according to claim 8 wherein the drying step is conducted at a temperature of about 110° centigrade.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
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| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1999-08-27 | 2000-02-26 | 2000-08-27 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2003-08-27 | 2004-02-26 | 2004-08-27 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2007-08-27 | 2008-02-26 | 2008-08-27 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |