US5531931A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Corrosion-inhibiting salt deicers
Assignee: Cargill Inc
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Filing: 1994-12-30
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Granted: 1996-07-02
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Expires: 2014-12-30
Abstract
Abstract Salt-based deicing compositions which are highly effective as deicers and which have significantly reduced corrosive effects are provided. One deicing composition comprises a deicing salt as the major component and an inhibitor system comprising either a water-soluble rare earth salt or a water-soluble organic acid salt selected from the group consisting of gluconate salts, ascorbate salts, tartrate salts, and saccharate salts. A more preferred deicing composition comprises a deicing salt as the major component and an inhibitor system comprising a mixture of a water-soluble rare earth salt and a water-soluble organic acid salt selected from the group consisting of gluconate salts, ascorbate salts, tartrate salts, and saccharate salts. The deicing salts include sodium chloride and mixtures of sodium chloride and up to 25 weight percent magnesium chloride or calcium chloride. The preferred deicing salt is sodium chloride. Generally, the preferred water soluble rare earth salt is a lanthanum salt or mixture of rare earth salts containing lanthanum salts. The preferred water-soluble organic acid salt is a gluconate salt.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert S. Koefod
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 11:41
CPC Classifications
C; C23; C23F; C23F11/00; C23F11/08; C09; C09K; C09K3/00; C09K3/18; C09K3/185
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 39
Claim 1
Independent Claim
54 words
A deicing composition comprising about 94.0 to 99.8 weight percent of a deicing salt, about 0.1 to 3.0 weight percent of a water-soluble rare earth salt, and about 0.1 to 3.0 weight percent of a water-soluble organic acid salt selected from the group consisting of gluconate salts, ascorbate salts, tartrate salts, and saccharate salts.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
54 words
A deicing composition comprising about 94.0 to 99.8 weight percent of a deicing salt, about 0.1 to 3.0 weight percent of a water-soluble rare earth salt, and about 0.1 to 3.0 weight percent of a water-soluble organic acid salt selected from the group consisting of gluconate salts, ascorbate salts, tartrate salts, and saccharate salts.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
44 words
A deicing composition as defined in claim 1, wherein the deicing salt is sodium chloride, the water-soluble rare earth salt is a chloride, nitrate, acetate, or sulfate salt of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, or neodymium, and the water-soluble organic acid salt is a gluconate salt.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
37 words
A deicing composition as defined in claim 2, wherein the water-soluble rare earth salt is a mixture of at least two salts selected from the group consisting of lanthanum chloride, cerium chloride, praseodymium chloride, and neodymium chloride.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
32 words
A deicing composition as defined in claim 1, wherein the water-soluble organic acid salt is selected from the group consisting of calcium gluconate, sodium gluconate, potassium gluconate, magnesium gluconate, and zinc gluconate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
32 words
A deicing composition as defined in claim 2, wherein the water-soluble organic acid salt is selected from the group consisting of calcium gluconate, sodium gluconate, potassium gluconate, magnesium gluconate, and zinc gluconate.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
32 words
A deicing composition as defined in claim 3, wherein the water-soluble organic acid salt is selected from the group consisting of calcium gluconate, sodium gluconate, potassium gluconate, magnesium gluconate, and zinc gluconate.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
21 words
A deicing composition as defined in claim 1, wherein the composition further contains an effective amount of a deicing rate accelerator.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
17 words
A deicing composition as defined in claim 7, wherein the deicing rate accelerator is magnesium chloride hexahydrate.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
81 words
A deicing composition comprising at least about 90 weight percent of sodium chloride, an effective corrosion-inhibiting amount of a water-soluble rare earth salt, and an effective corrosion-inhibiting amount of a water-soluble organic acid salt, wherein the rare earth salt is a water-soluble lanthanum salt, a water-soluble cerium salt, a water-soluble praseodymium salt, a water-soluble neodymium salt, or a mixture thereof and wherein the water-soluble organic acid salt is a gluconate salt, an ascorbate salt, a tartrate salt, or a saccharate salt.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
81 words
A deicing composition comprising at least about 90 weight percent of sodium chloride, an effective corrosion-inhibiting amount of a water-soluble rare earth salt, and an effective corrosion-inhibiting amount of a water-soluble organic acid salt, wherein the rare earth salt is a water-soluble lanthanum salt, a water-soluble cerium salt, a water-soluble praseodymium salt, a water-soluble neodymium salt, or a mixture thereof and wherein the water-soluble organic acid salt is a gluconate salt, an ascorbate salt, a tartrate salt, or a saccharate salt.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
43 words
A deicing composition as defined in claim 9, wherein the composition contains at least about 94.0 weight percent deicing salt, at least 0.1 weight percent of the water-soluble rare earth salt, and at least 0.1 weight percent of the water-soluble organic acid salt.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
18 words
A deicing composition as defined in claim 10, wherein the water-soluble organic acid salt is a gluconate salt.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
26 words
A deicing composition as defined in claim 11, wherein the water-soluble organic acid salt is calcium gluconate, sodium gluconate, potassium gluconate, magnesium gluconate, or zinc gluconate.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
28 words
A deicing composition as defined in claim 12, wherein the water-soluble rare earth salt is a chloride, nitrate, acetate, or sulfate salt of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, or neodymium.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
37 words
A deicing composition as defined in claim 12, wherein the water-soluble rare earth salt is a mixture of at least two salts selected from the group consisting of lanthanum chloride, cerium chloride, praseodymium chloride, and neodymium chloride.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
21 words
A deicing composition as defined in claim 11, wherein the composition further contains an effective amount of a deicing rate accelerator.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
17 words
A deicing composition as defined in claim 15, wherein the deicing rate accelerator is magnesium chloride hexahydrate.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
97 words
A method for deicing ice- or snow-covered surfaces, said method comprising applying an effective amount of a deicing composition to the surface to be deiced and allowing the deicing composition to melt or partially melt the ice or snow covering the surface, wherein the deicing composition comprises about 94.0 to 99.8 weight percent of a deicing salt, about 0.1 to 3.0 weight percent of a water-soluble rare earth salt, and about 0.1 to 3.0 weight percent of a water-soluble organic acid salt selected from the group consisting of gluconate salts, ascorbate salts, tartrate salts, and saccharate salts.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
97 words
A method for deicing ice- or snow-covered surfaces, said method comprising applying an effective amount of a deicing composition to the surface to be deiced and allowing the deicing composition to melt or partially melt the ice or snow covering the surface, wherein the deicing composition comprises about 94.0 to 99.8 weight percent of a deicing salt, about 0.1 to 3.0 weight percent of a water-soluble rare earth salt, and about 0.1 to 3.0 weight percent of a water-soluble organic acid salt selected from the group consisting of gluconate salts, ascorbate salts, tartrate salts, and saccharate salts.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
45 words
A method as defined in claim 17, wherein the deicing salt is sodium chloride, wherein the water-soluble rare earth salt is a chloride, nitrate, acetate, or sulfate salt of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, or neodymium, and wherein the water-soluble organic acid salt is a gluconate salt.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
36 words
A method as defined in claim 18, wherein the water-soluble rare earth salt is a mixture of at least two salts selected from the group consisting of lanthanum chloride, cerium chloride, praseodymium chloride, and neodymium chloride.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method as defined in claim 17, wherein the water-soluble organic acid salt is selected from the group consisting of calcium gluconate, sodium gluconate, potassium gluconate, magnesium gluconate, and zinc gluconate.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method as defined in claim 18, wherein the water-soluble organic acid salt is selected from the group consisting of calcium gluconate, sodium gluconate, potassium gluconate, magnesium gluconate, and zinc gluconate.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method as defined in claim 19, wherein the water-soluble organic acid salt is selected from the group consisting of calcium gluconate, sodium gluconate, potassium gluconate, magnesium gluconate, and zinc gluconate.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method as defined in claim 17, wherein the deicing composition is applied as an aqueous solution containing about 20 to 26 weight percent of the deicing composition.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method as defined in claim 20, wherein the deicing composition is applied as an aqueous solution containing about 20 to 26 weight percent of the deicing composition.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method as defined in claim 21, wherein the deicing composition is applied as an aqueous solution containing about 20 to 26 weight percent of the deicing composition.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method as defined in claim 22, wherein the deicing composition is applied as an aqueous solution containing about 20 to 26 weight percent of the deicing composition.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method as defined in claim 17, wherein the deicing composition is applied as an essentially dry particulate solid.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method as defined in claim 20, wherein the deicing composition is applied as an essentially dry particulate solid.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method as defined in claim 21, wherein the deicing composition is applied as an essentially dry particulate solid.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method as defined in claim 22, wherein the deicing composition is applied as an essentially dry particulate solid.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method as defined in claim 17, wherein the deicing composition further contains an effective amount of a deicing rate accelerator.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method as defined in claim 31, wherein the deicing rate accelerator is magnesium chloride hexahydrate.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method as defined in claim 23, wherein the deicing composition further contains an effective amount of a deicing rate accelerator.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method as defined in claim 33, wherein the deicing rate accelerator is magnesium chloride hexahydrate.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method as defined in claim 27, wherein the deicing composition further contains an effective amount of a deicing rate accelerator.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method as defined in claim 35, wherein the deicing rate accelerator is magnesium chloride hexahydrate.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1999-07-02 | 2000-01-01 | 2000-07-02 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2003-07-02 | 2004-01-01 | 2004-07-02 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2007-07-02 | 2008-01-01 | 2008-07-02 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |