US5487084A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Generation of a clock frequency in a smart card interface
Assignee: Nokia Oyj
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Filing: 1994-08-11
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Granted: 1996-01-23
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Expires: 2014-08-11
Abstract
Abstract A circuit arrangement for generating the clock signal of a predetermined frequency f(UART) for a smart card interface, the interface being used for transferring data from a smart card to a device e.g. a mobile telephone at a predetermined data rate f(D). Using a phase-locked loop (PLL) and a number of programmable counters (N1-N4), the output of the circuit i.e. the smart card interface clock signal can have a frequency f(UART) which is a multiple of the data rate. In particular, the counters (N1-N4) and phase-locked loop (PLL) can be chosen so that f(UART) is sixteen times f(D) which allows a Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter circuit to be used in the interface.
Inventors
- 👤 Rune Lindholm
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 10:12
CPC Classifications
G; G06; G06K; G06K7/00; G06K7/0008; G06F; G06F1/00; G06F1/04; G06F1/08; G06F13/00; G06F13/38; G06F13/42; G06F13/4204; G06F13/4221; H; H03; H03L; H03L7/00; H03L7/06; H03L7/08; H03L7/085; H03L7/089; H03L7/099; H03L7/0991; H03L7/16; H03L7/18; H03L7/183
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 6
Claim 1
Independent Claim
251 words
A circuit arrangement for generating a clock signal of a predetermined frequency for a smart card interface which couples data from a smart card to a device, the data being transferred at a predetermined data rate, the arrangement comprising means for deriving the smart card interface clock signal from a smart card clock signal coupled to the arrangement, such that the frequency of the smart card interface clock signal and the data rate are of a predetermined ratio; wherein said deriving means comprises gating means for outputting selective pulses of the smart card clock signal to serve as said smart card interface clock signal; said deriving means of the arrangement comprises a phase locked loop and at least one counter coupled to an input thereof, said one counter dividing a frequency of said smart card clock signal to output an input signal to said phase locked loop, the phase locked loop including said gating means, said one counter having a predetermined coefficient to provide said predetermined ratio; said phase locked loop is a digitally operated phase locked loop responsive to a drive clock signal, said arrangement further comprising a second counter for dividing the frequency of said smart card clock signal to output said drive clock signal; and said phase locked loop has a locking range inversely proportional to a frequency division ratio of said second counter, the frequency division ratio of said one counter placing a frequency of said input signal to said phase locked loop within said locking range.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
251 words
A circuit arrangement for generating a clock signal of a predetermined frequency for a smart card interface which couples data from a smart card to a device, the data being transferred at a predetermined data rate, the arrangement comprising means for deriving the smart card interface clock signal from a smart card clock signal coupled to the arrangement, such that the frequency of the smart card interface clock signal and the data rate are of a predetermined ratio; wherein said deriving means comprises gating means for outputting selective pulses of the smart card clock signal to serve as said smart card interface clock signal; said deriving means of the arrangement comprises a phase locked loop and at least one counter coupled to an input thereof, said one counter dividing a frequency of said smart card clock signal to output an input signal to said phase locked loop, the phase locked loop including said gating means, said one counter having a predetermined coefficient to provide said predetermined ratio; said phase locked loop is a digitally operated phase locked loop responsive to a drive clock signal, said arrangement further comprising a second counter for dividing the frequency of said smart card clock signal to output said drive clock signal; and said phase locked loop has a locking range inversely proportional to a frequency division ratio of said second counter, the frequency division ratio of said one counter placing a frequency of said input signal to said phase locked loop within said locking range.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
170 words
An arrangement according to claim 1 wherein said grating means provides the function of a voltage controlled oscillator, and the phase locked loop comprises a phase detector with said gating means being coupled thereto, the output of said gating means is fed back to a first input of the phase detector, said one counter being coupled to a second input of the phase detector for coupling said input signal as a reference signal thereto, the reference signal being outputted by said one counter and being derived from the smart card clock signal and having a frequency which is a multiple of the smart card clock signal frequency; wherein the arrangement further comprises a third counter coupled to the output of the gating means to derive the smart card interface clock signal from the gating means output and having a frequency which is a multiple of the frequency of the gating means output, and such that the smart card interface clock signal frequency and the data rate have the predetermined ratio.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
26 words
An arrangement according to claim 2 wherein the gating means divides the reference signal by four when the reference signal is locked to the feedback frequency.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
26 words
An arrangement according to claim 1 wherein the predetermined ratio is chosen such that the smart card interface clock signal is sixteen times the data rate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
30 words
An arrangement according to claim 1 wherein the ratio of the smart card clock signal frequency to the data rate is 2 n , where n is a whole number.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1999-01-22 | 1999-07-24 | 2000-01-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2003-01-22 | 2003-07-24 | 2004-01-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2007-01-22 | 2007-07-24 | 2008-01-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |