US5476745A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Process for producing toner particles
Assignee: Canon Inc
•
Filing: 1995-01-27
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Granted: 1995-12-19
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Expires: 2015-01-27
Abstract
Abstract The present invention provides a process for producing a toner having little remaining polymerizable monomer in it by suspension polymerization. During the latter half of the polymerization reaction, the remaining polymerizable monomers and the aqueous medium are evaporated or removed while supplying the aqueous medium, saturated vapor of the aqueous medium, saturated vapor of a water-soluble solvent, or water-soluble gas to maintain the ratio of solid-liquid constant.
Inventors
- 👤 Tatsuya Nakamura
- 👤 Ichiro Ohsaki
- 👤 Takayuki Nagatsuka
- 👤 Makoto Kanbayashi
- 👤 Tatsuhiko Chiba
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-02 06:16
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/0802; G03G9/0804; G03G9/0806; G03G9/0815; G03G9/087; G03G9/08702
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 37
Claim 1
Independent Claim
102 words
A process for producing toner particles, comprising the steps of; introducing into a first aqueous medium a polymerizable monomer composition containing a polymerizable monomer, to carry out granulation; subjecting particles of the granulated polymerizable monomer composition to polymerization reaction; adding to the reaction system a member selected from the group consisting of a second aqueous medium, a water-soluble solvent and a water-soluble gas; and evaporating from the reaction system the remaining polymerizable monomer, and the first aqueous medium, at the latter half of polymerization reaction or after the completion of polymerization reaction, whereby the remaining polymerizable monomer is removed from the particles.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
102 words
A process for producing toner particles, comprising the steps of; introducing into a first aqueous medium a polymerizable monomer composition containing a polymerizable monomer, to carry out granulation; subjecting particles of the granulated polymerizable monomer composition to polymerization reaction; adding to the reaction system a member selected from the group consisting of a second aqueous medium, a water-soluble solvent and a water-soluble gas; and evaporating from the reaction system the remaining polymerizable monomer, and the first aqueous medium, at the latter half of polymerization reaction or after the completion of polymerization reaction, whereby the remaining polymerizable monomer is removed from the particles.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
29 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein the remaining polymerizable monomer and the first aqueous medium are evaporated under reduced pressure, under sonication, or under reduced pressure and sonication.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
38 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein the remaining polymerizable monomer and the first aqueous medium are evaporated while heating at a temperature higher than the top temperature of endothermic peaks as measured using a differential scanning calorimeter.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
34 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein the first aqueous medium is evaporated in a quantity of 5% by weight to 100% by weight on the basis of the quantity of the reaction system.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
42 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein the addition of said member to said reaction system and the evaporation of the remaining polymerizable monomer and the first aqueous medium are carried out when the polymerization conversion rate has reached at least 90%.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein said water-soluble solvent comprises a lower alcohol or a lower ketone.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein said water-soluble solvent comprises methanol, ethanol, propanol or acetone.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein said water-soluble gas comprises an acidic gas or a basic gas.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein said water-soluble gas comprises carbonic acid gas or ammonia gas.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
38 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein said polymerizable monomer composition comprises a monomer selected from the group consisting of a styrene monomer, an acrylate monomer, a methacrylate monomer, an acrylonitrile monomer, a methacrylonitrile monomer and an acrylamide.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein said polymerizable monomer composition contains a resin having a polar group.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
49 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein said polymerizable monomer composition contains a cationic polymer selected from the group consisting of a polymer of nitrogen-containing monomers, a copolymer of a nitrogen-containing monomer with a styrene monomer and a copolymer of a nitrogen-containing monomer with an unsaturated carboxylic acid ester.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
126 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein said polymerizable monomer composition contains an anionic polymer selected from the group consisting of a polymer of nitrile monomers, a polymer of halogen-containing monomers, a polymer of unsaturated carboxylic acid monomers, a polymer of unsaturated dibasic acid monomers, a polymer of an unsaturated dibasic acid anhydride monomer, a polymer of nitro monomer, a copolymer of nitrile monomer with a styrene monomer, a copolymer of a halogen-containing monomer with a styrene monomer, a copolymer of an unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer with a styrene monomer, a copolymer of an unsaturated dibasic acid monomer with a styrene monomer, a copolymer of an unsaturated dibasic acid anhydride monomer with a styrene monomer and a copolymer of a nitro monomer with a styrene monomer.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
38 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein said polymerizable monomer composition contains a component selected from the group consisting of a low-molecular weight polymer, a plasticizer, a liquid rubber, a low-temperature fluidizing component and a low-surface energy material.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
40 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein said reaction system contains the first aqueous medium in an amount of from 300 parts by weight to 3,000 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of said polymerizable monomer composition.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein the first aqueous medium contains a surface active agent, an organic dispersant or an inorganic dispersant.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein the first aqueous medium contains a phosphoric acid polyvalent metal salt, a carbonate, an inorganic salt or an inorganic oxide.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
39 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein the first aqueous medium contains an inorganic dispersant in an amount of from 0.2 part by weight to 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of said polymerizable monomer.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process according to claim 16, wherein said inorganic dispersant is formed into particles in said first aqueous medium.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
29 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein the first aqueous medium contains sodium dodecylbenzenesulfate, sodium tetradecylsulfate, sodium pentadecylsulfate, sodium octylsulfate, sodium oleate, sodium laurate, sodium stearate or potassium stearate.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein polymerizable monomers remaining in said toner are controlled to be not more than 1,000 ppm.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein polymerizable monomers remaining in said toner are controlled to be not more than 100 ppm.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
38 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein the addition of said member to said reaction system and the evaporation of the remaining polymerizable monomer, the first aqueous medium and said member are carried out at the same time.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein the first aqueous medium and the second aqueous medium are the same.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein said member is a liquid of the second aqueous medium.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein said member is a vapor of said second aqueous medium.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein said member is a vapor of the water-soluble solvent.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein said member is a saturated vapor of the second aqueous medium.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein said member is a saturated vapor of the water-soluble solvent.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
54 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein said member is a liquid of the second aqueous medium, and the addition of said member to the reaction system and the evaporation of the remaining polymerizable monomer and the first aqueous medium are carried out at the same time after the completion of the polymerization reaction.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
65 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein said member is a liquid of the second aqueous medium, and the addition of said member to the reaction system and the evaporation of the remaining polymerizable monomer and the first aqueous medium are carried out at the same time after the completion of the polymerization reaction under reduced pressure, under sonication, or under reduced pressure and sonication.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
48 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein said member is a saturated vapor of the second aqueous medium, and the addition of said member to the reaction system and the evaporation of the remaining polymerizable monomer and the first aqueous medium are carried out at the same time.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
46 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein said member is a vapor of the water-soluble solvent, and the addition of said member to the reaction system and the evaporation of the remaining polymerizable monomer and the first aqueous medium are carried out at the same time.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
44 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein said member is a water soluble gas, and the addition of said member to the reaction system and the evaporation of the remaining polymerizable monomer and the first aqueous medium are carried out at the same time.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein said added member is evaporated with the remaining polymerizable monomer and the first aqueous medium from the reaction system.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
50 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein said member is the second aqueous medium, and a mixture of the first aqueous medium and said second aqueous medium is evaporated in a quantity of 5% by weight to 100% by weight on the basis of the quantity of the reaction system.
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| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
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| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1998-12-18 | 1999-06-19 | 1999-12-19 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2002-12-18 | 2003-06-19 | 2003-12-19 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
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