US5440244A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method and apparatus for controlling a mixed voltage interface in a multivoltage system
Assignee: Cirrus Logic Inc
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Filing: 1993-11-08
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Granted: 1995-08-08
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Expires: 2013-11-08
Abstract
Abstract The design and implementation of a low power CMOS bi-directional I/O buffer that translates low voltage core logic level signals into the highest logic level signals to drive the final output stage which outputs a selectable logic level signal. The buffer further translates input signals of a variety of logic levels into low voltage core logic level signals. In either case, AC and DC power consumption is minimized in a mixed power supply environment that requires voltage translation to represent the proper binary logic levels. An multivoltage I/O buffer having multiple input-receiving NOR gates is also described. The NOR gates of the multivoltage I/O buffer having triggering levels optimized for differing core voltage levels. Also described is a host adapted system for interfacing between and removable peripheral card and a host computer. The host adaptor includes an integrated circuit employing the multivoltage bi-directional I/O buffer.
Inventors
- 👤 Bryan M. Richter
- 👤 Stephen A. Smith
- 👤 Mike Assar
- 👤 Abdul Q. Kashmiri
- 👤 Jerry L. Clark
- 👤 Dave M. Singhal
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 12:34
CPC Classifications
H; H10; H10D; H10D84/00; H10D84/90; H10D84/998; H03; H03K; H03K19/00; H03K19/0021; H03K19/0027; H03K19/003; H03K19/00315; H03K19/0175; H03K19/0185; H03K19/018507; H03K19/018521; H03K19/018585; H03K19/018592; H03K2217/00; H03K2217/0018
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 22
Claim 1
Independent Claim
191 words
A receiver for receiving signals along an input line, said receiver being within an integrated circuit having core circuitry operating at a core voltage power level, said receiver comprising: a first NOR gate having a first input connected to said input line and a second input connected to a first gate enable line, said first NOR gate having a triggering level set to a first triggering level; a second NOR gate having a first input connected to said input line and a second input connected to a second gate enable line, said second NOR gate having a triggering level set to a second triggering level; a third NOR gate having first and second inputs connected to outputs of said first and second NOR gates respectively, and an output connected to an output line connected to the core circuitry of the integrated circuit; said first, second and third NOR gates being powered at said core voltage power level; and means for transmitting a NOR gate enable signal to one of said first and second NOR gates along a respective gate enable line for enabling one of said first and second NOR gates.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
191 words
A receiver for receiving signals along an input line, said receiver being within an integrated circuit having core circuitry operating at a core voltage power level, said receiver comprising: a first NOR gate having a first input connected to said input line and a second input connected to a first gate enable line, said first NOR gate having a triggering level set to a first triggering level; a second NOR gate having a first input connected to said input line and a second input connected to a second gate enable line, said second NOR gate having a triggering level set to a second triggering level; a third NOR gate having first and second inputs connected to outputs of said first and second NOR gates respectively, and an output connected to an output line connected to the core circuitry of the integrated circuit; said first, second and third NOR gates being powered at said core voltage power level; and means for transmitting a NOR gate enable signal to one of said first and second NOR gates along a respective gate enable line for enabling one of said first and second NOR gates.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
46 words
The receiver of claim 1, wherein said core voltage is set to one of two predetermined levels and said first and second triggering levels of said first and second NOR gates are set to levels optimized for converting signals from input voltages to said core voltage.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
35 words
The receiver of claim 2, wherein said core voltage is either 3.3 V or 5.0 V and wherein said first triggering level is about 1.4 V and said second triggering level is about 1.6 V.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
30 words
The receiver of claim 1, further comprising additional NOR gates connected in parallel between said input line and said third NOR gate, said additional NOR gates having differing triggering levels.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
223 words
A receiver for receiving binary signals along an input line, said binary signals including high and low signals, said receiver being within in an integrated circuit having core circuitry operating at a core voltage power level, said receiver comprising: a first signal receiving means for receiving the binary signal along said input line and for translating said binary signal to signal levels corresponding to the core voltage level, said first signal receiving means having a triggering level set for distinguishing between high and low signals received along said input line, said triggering level being set to a first triggering voltage optimized for a first internal core voltage level; a second signal receiving means for receiving the binary signal along said input line and for translating said binary signal to signal levels corresponding to the core voltage level, said second signal receiving means having a triggering level set for distinguishing between high and low signals received along said input line, said triggering level being set to a second triggering voltage optimized for a second internal core voltage level; enabling means for enabling operation of one of said first and second receiving means, said enabling means enabling said first receiving means if said core voltage is at said first level and enabling said second receiving means if said core voltage is at said second level.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
223 words
A receiver for receiving binary signals along an input line, said binary signals including high and low signals, said receiver being within in an integrated circuit having core circuitry operating at a core voltage power level, said receiver comprising: a first signal receiving means for receiving the binary signal along said input line and for translating said binary signal to signal levels corresponding to the core voltage level, said first signal receiving means having a triggering level set for distinguishing between high and low signals received along said input line, said triggering level being set to a first triggering voltage optimized for a first internal core voltage level; a second signal receiving means for receiving the binary signal along said input line and for translating said binary signal to signal levels corresponding to the core voltage level, said second signal receiving means having a triggering level set for distinguishing between high and low signals received along said input line, said triggering level being set to a second triggering voltage optimized for a second internal core voltage level; enabling means for enabling operation of one of said first and second receiving means, said enabling means enabling said first receiving means if said core voltage is at said first level and enabling said second receiving means if said core voltage is at said second level.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
35 words
The receiver of claim 5, wherein said core voltage is either 3.3 V or 5.0 V and wherein said first triggering level is about 1.4 V and said second triggering level is about 1.6 V.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
39 words
The receiver of claim 5, further comprising additional signal receiving means connected in parallel with said first and second signal receiving means, said additional signal receiving means having differing triggering levels from said first and second signal receiving means.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
175 words
A receiver for receiving signals along an input line, said receiver being within in an integrated circuit having core circuitry operating at a core voltage power level, said receiver comprising: a plurality of two-input NOR gates connected in parallel to said input line, each of said NOR gates having a first input connected to said input line and a second input connected to a respective gate enable line, each of said NOR gates having a different triggering voltage level; a multiple-input NOR gate having a plurality of inputs each connected to an output of a respective one of said plurality of two-input NOR gates, said multiple-input NOR gate having an output connected to an output line connected to the core circuitry of the integrated circuit; with each of said two-input NOR gates and said multiple-input NOR gate being powered at said core voltage power level; and means for transmitting a NOR gate enable signal to one of said two-input NOR gates along a respective gate enable line for enabling one of said two-input NOR gates.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
175 words
A receiver for receiving signals along an input line, said receiver being within in an integrated circuit having core circuitry operating at a core voltage power level, said receiver comprising: a plurality of two-input NOR gates connected in parallel to said input line, each of said NOR gates having a first input connected to said input line and a second input connected to a respective gate enable line, each of said NOR gates having a different triggering voltage level; a multiple-input NOR gate having a plurality of inputs each connected to an output of a respective one of said plurality of two-input NOR gates, said multiple-input NOR gate having an output connected to an output line connected to the core circuitry of the integrated circuit; with each of said two-input NOR gates and said multiple-input NOR gate being powered at said core voltage power level; and means for transmitting a NOR gate enable signal to one of said two-input NOR gates along a respective gate enable line for enabling one of said two-input NOR gates.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
43 words
The receiver of claim 8, wherein said core voltage is set to one of a plurality of predetermined levels and said triggering levels of said two-input NOR gates are set to levels optimized for converting signals from input voltages to respective core voltages.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
49 words
The receiver of claim 8, wherein said core voltage is either 3.3 V or 5.0 V and wherein a triggering level of a first of said two-input NOR gates is about 1.4 V and a triggering level of a second of said two-input NOR gates is about 1.6 V.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
23 words
The receiver of claim 8, wherein said core voltage is one of 5.0 V, 3.3 V, 2.7 V, 2.5 V, or 2.0 V.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
28 words
The receiver of claim 8, wherein one or more of said two-input NOR gates has a triggering level optimized for one of several predetermined integrated circuit fabrication methodologies.
Claim 16
Independent Claim
128 words
A method for receiving signals along an input line within an integrated circuit having core circuitry operating at a core voltage power level, said method comprising the steps of: determining the core voltage power level; passing an input signal through a first NOR gate having a voltage triggering level set to a first voltage level, if said core voltage is at the first voltage level; passing an input signal through a second NOR gate having a voltage triggering level set to a second voltage level, if said core voltage is at the second voltage level; passing an output of either said first or second NOR gates through a third NOR gate; and transmitting an output of said third NOR gate to the core circuitry of the integrated circuit.
Claim 17
Independent Claim
128 words
A method for receiving signals along an input line within an integrated circuit having core circuitry operating at a core voltage power level, said method comprising the steps of: determining the core voltage power level; passing an input signal through a first NOR gate having a voltage triggering level set to a first voltage level, if said core voltage is at the first voltage level; passing an input signal through a second NOR gate having a voltage triggering level set to a second voltage level, if said core voltage is at the second voltage level; passing an output of either said first or second NOR gates through a third NOR gate; and transmitting an output of said third NOR gate to the core circuitry of the integrated circuit.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
43 words
The method of claim 13, wherein said core voltage is either 3.3 V or 5.0 V and wherein said triggering level of said first NOR gate is about 1.4 V and said triggering level of said second NOR gate is about 1.6 V.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
99 words
A method for receiving signals along an input line within in an integrated circuit having core circuitry operating at a core voltage power level, using a set of NOR gates having respective triggering levels optimized for different core voltage levels, said method comprising the steps of: determining the core voltage power level; selecting one of said set of NOR gate receivers for receiving said binary signals, with said one NOR gate receiver being selected based on the triggering level of the NOR gate and the core voltage level; and receiving said binary signal using said selected NOR gate receiver.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
99 words
A method for receiving signals along an input line within in an integrated circuit having core circuitry operating at a core voltage power level, using a set of NOR gates having respective triggering levels optimized for different core voltage levels, said method comprising the steps of: determining the core voltage power level; selecting one of said set of NOR gate receivers for receiving said binary signals, with said one NOR gate receiver being selected based on the triggering level of the NOR gate and the core voltage level; and receiving said binary signal using said selected NOR gate receiver.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
50 words
The method of claim 15, wherein said core voltage is either 3.3 V or 5.0 V and wherein a triggering level of a first of said two-input NOR gates is about 1.4 V and a triggering level of a second of said two input NOR gates is about 1.6 V.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
80 words
The method of claim 15, wherein one or more of said two-input NOR gates has a triggering level optimized for one of several predetermined integrated circuit fabrication methodologies, and wherein said method incudes the steps of: detecting the fabrication methodology used to fabricate said integrated circuit; and selecting one of said set of NOR gate receivers for receiving said binary signals, with said one NOR gate receiver being selected based on the detected fabrication methodology and the triggering level voltage.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1998-08-07 | 1999-02-06 | 1999-08-08 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2002-08-07 | 2003-02-06 | 2003-08-08 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2006-08-07 | 2007-02-06 | 2007-08-08 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |