US5439770A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Toner for developing electrostatic image, image forming apparatus and process cartridge
Assignee: Canon Inc
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Filing: 1994-04-15
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Granted: 1995-08-08
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Expires: 2014-04-15
Abstract
Abstract A toner for developing an electrostatic image is constituted by at least a binder resin and a charge control agent. The binder resin has an acid value of 5-50. The charge control agent comprises an iron complex represented by the following formula: hydrogen atom, lower alkyl group, lower alkoxy group, nitro group or halogen atom; m and m' denote an integer of 1-3; R1 and R3 independently denote hydrogen atom, C1-18 alkyl or alkenyl, sufonamide, mesyl, sulfonic acid group, carboxy ester group, hydroxy, C1-18 alkoxy, acetylamino, benzoylamino or halogen atom; n and n' denote an integer of 1-3; R2 and R4 denote hydrogen atom or nitro group; and A+ denotes hydrogen ion, sodium ion, potassium ion or ammonium ion. The toner has a weight-average particle size (D4) of 4-9 mu m and including toner particles having a particle size of 5 mu m or smaller at 3-90% by number, toner particles having a particle size of 6.35-10.08 mu m at 1-80% by number and toner particles having a particle size of 12.7 mu m or larger at a percentage by volume of at most 2.0%, wherein the toner particles having a particle size of 5.0 mu m or smaller are contained at N % by number and at V % by volume satisfying a relationship: N/V=-0.05N+k, wherein k is a positive number in the range of 3.0-7.5.
Inventors
- 👤 Masaaki Taya
- 👤 Takaaki Kohtaki
- 👤 Makoto Unno
- 👤 Tadashi Doujo
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 06:11
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/087; G03G9/08742; G03G9/08755; G03G9/0819; G03G9/09; G03G9/0906; G03G9/091
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 25
Claim 1
Independent Claim
237 words
A toner for developing an electrostatic image, comprising: at least a binder resin and a charge control agent; the binder resin having an acid value of 5-50; the charge control agent comprising an iron complex represented by the following formula: ##STR9## wherein X 1 and X 2 independently denote hydrogen atom, lower alkyl group, lower alkoxy group, nitro group or halogen atom; m and m' denote an integer of 1-3; R 1 and R 3 independently denote hydrogen atom, C 1-18 alkyl or alkenyl, sufonamide, mesyl, sulfonic acid group, carboxy ester group, hydroxy, C 1-18 alkoxy, acetylamino, benzoylamino or halogen atom; n and n' denote an integer of 1-3; R 2 and R 4 denote hydrogen atom or nitro group; and A.sup.⊕ denotes hydrogen ion, sodium ion, potassium ion or ammonium ion; the toner having a weight-average particle size (D 4 ) of 4-9 μm and including toner particles having a particle size of 5 μm or smaller at 3-90% by number, toner particles having a particle size of 6.35-10.08 μm at 1-80% by number and toner particles having a particle size of 12.7 μm or larger at a percentage by volume of at most 2.0%, wherein the toner particles having a particle size of 5.0 μm or smaller are contained at N % by number and at V % by volume satisfying a relationship: N/V=-0.05N+k, wherein k is a positive number in the range of 3.0-7.5.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
237 words
A toner for developing an electrostatic image, comprising: at least a binder resin and a charge control agent; the binder resin having an acid value of 5-50; the charge control agent comprising an iron complex represented by the following formula: ##STR9## wherein X 1 and X 2 independently denote hydrogen atom, lower alkyl group, lower alkoxy group, nitro group or halogen atom; m and m' denote an integer of 1-3; R 1 and R 3 independently denote hydrogen atom, C 1-18 alkyl or alkenyl, sufonamide, mesyl, sulfonic acid group, carboxy ester group, hydroxy, C 1-18 alkoxy, acetylamino, benzoylamino or halogen atom; n and n' denote an integer of 1-3; R 2 and R 4 denote hydrogen atom or nitro group; and A.sup.⊕ denotes hydrogen ion, sodium ion, potassium ion or ammonium ion; the toner having a weight-average particle size (D 4 ) of 4-9 μm and including toner particles having a particle size of 5 μm or smaller at 3-90% by number, toner particles having a particle size of 6.35-10.08 μm at 1-80% by number and toner particles having a particle size of 12.7 μm or larger at a percentage by volume of at most 2.0%, wherein the toner particles having a particle size of 5.0 μm or smaller are contained at N % by number and at V % by volume satisfying a relationship: N/V=-0.05N+k, wherein k is a positive number in the range of 3.0-7.5.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
The toner according to claim 1, wherein the binder resin comprises a polyester resin.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
33 words
The toner according to claim 2, wherein the polyester resin has a glass transition point of 40°-90° C., a number-average molecular weight (Mn) of 1,500-50,000, and a weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of 10,000-5,000,000.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
27 words
The toner according to claim 3, wherein the polyester resin has a glass transition point of 45°-85° C., an Mn of 2,000-20,000 and an Mw of 15,000-3,000,000.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
18 words
The toner according to claim 2, wherein the polyester resin has an OH value of at most 50.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
18 words
The toner according to claim 5, wherein the polyester resin has an OH value of at most 30.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
14 words
The toner according to claim 1, wherein the binder resin comprises a vinyl copolymer.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
33 words
The toner according to claim 7, wherein the vinyl copolymer has a glass transition point of 40°-90° C., a number-average molecular weight (Mn) of 1,500-50,000, and a weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of 10,000-5,000,000.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
27 words
The toner according to claim 8, wherein the vinyl copolymer has a glass transition point of 45°-85° C., an Mn of 2,000-20,000 and an Mw of 15,000-3,000,000.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
18 words
The toner according to claim 7, wherein the vinyl copolymer has an OH value of at most 50.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
18 words
The toner according to claim 10, wherein the vinyl copolymer has an OH value of at most 30.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
16 words
The toner according to claim 1, wherein the binder resin has an acid value of 6-45.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
16 words
The toner according to claim 12, wherein the binder resin has an acid value of 7-40.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
25 words
The toner according to claim 1, wherein the binder resin comprises at least 50 wt. % of a resin having an acid value of 5-50.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
25 words
The toner according to claim 14, wherein the binder resin comprises at least 60 wt. % of the resin having an acid value of 5-50.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
59 words
The toner according to claim 1, wherein toner particles having a particle size of 5 μm or smaller are contained at 5-80% by number, toner particles having a particle size of 6.35-10.08 μm are contained at 5-70% by number, and toner particles having a particle size of 12.7 μm are larger are contained at at most 1.0% by volume.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
44 words
The toner according to claim 16, wherein toner particles having a particle size of 5 μm or smaller are contained at 9-75% by number, and toner particles having a particle size of 12.7 μm are larger are contained at at most 0.5% by volume.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
14 words
The toner according to claim 1, wherein N satisfies 5≦N≦80, and k satisfies 3.1≦k≦7.4.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
14 words
The toner according to claim 18, wherein N satisfies 9≦N≦75, and k satisfies 3.2≦k≦7.3.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
27 words
The toner according to claim 1, wherein the iron complex is contained in a proportion of 0.1-10 wt. parts per 100 wt. parts of the binder resin.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
27 words
The toner according to claim 20, wherein the iron complex is contained in a proportion of 0.1-5 wt. parts per 100 wt. parts of the binder resin.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
25 words
The toner according to claim 1, wherein the iron complex comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of Iron Complexes (1)-(6) shown below: ##STR10##
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
10 words
The toner according to claim 1, further comprising a colorant.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
11 words
The toner according to claim 1, further comprising a magnetic material.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1998-08-07 | 1999-02-06 | 1999-08-08 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2002-08-07 | 2003-02-06 | 2003-08-08 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2006-08-07 | 2007-02-06 | 2007-08-08 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |