US5420170A — Preparation of flexible, soft polyurethane foams …

Claim 1

Independent Claim 212 words

A process for the preparation of flexible, soft polyurethane foams having viscoelastic, structure-borne, soundproofing properties in a temperature range of from -20° C. to +80° C., comprising reacting A) a polyoxyalkylene-polyol which has a functionality of two or more and B) organic polyisocyanates; organic polyisocyanates modified with ester, urea, biuret, allophanate, isocyanurate, carbodiimide, uretonimide, and urethane groups; or mixtures of said organic polyisocyanates and organic polyisocyanates modified with said groups, in the presence of C) catalysts, and, D) blowing agents, where the polyoxyalkylene-polyol (A) comprises a mixture of i) a block polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene-polyol mixture having a hydroxyl number of from 14 to 65 and containing from 2 to 9% by weight of terminal ethylene oxide units, based on the weight of the polyoxypropylene units, and prepared by artionic polymerization, at elevated temperature, of 1,2-propylene oxide onto an initiator molecular mixture, having a mean functionality of from 2.3 to 2.8, of water and glycerol, or water and trimethylopropane, or water and glycerol and trimethylolpropane, and polymerization of ethylene oxide onto the resultant polyoxypropylene adduct, and ii) one or more difunctional and optionally trifunctional polyoxypropylenepolyoxyethylene-polyol containing from 60 to 85% by weight of oxyethylene units, based on the total weight of polymerized alkylene oxide units, and having a hydroxyl number of from 20 to 80.

Claim 2

Dependent Claim 212 words

A process for the preparation of flexible, soft polyurethane foams having viscoelastic, structure-borne, soundproofing properties in a temperature range of from -20° C. to +80° C., comprising reacting A) a polyoxyalkylene-polyol which has a functionality of two or more and B) organic polyisocyanates; organic polyisocyanates modified with ester, urea, biuret, allophanate, isocyanurate, carbodiimide, uretonimide, and urethane groups; or mixtures of said organic polyisocyanates and organic polyisocyanates modified with said groups, in the presence of C) catalysts, and, D) blowing agents, where the polyoxyalkylene-polyol (A) comprises a mixture of i) a block polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene-polyol mixture having a hydroxyl number of from 14 to 65 and containing from 2 to 9% by weight of terminal ethylene oxide units, based on the weight of the polyoxypropylene units, and prepared by artionic polymerization, at elevated temperature, of 1,2-propylene oxide onto an initiator molecular mixture, having a mean functionality of from 2.3 to 2.8, of water and glycerol, or water and trimethylopropane, or water and glycerol and trimethylolpropane, and polymerization of ethylene oxide onto the resultant polyoxypropylene adduct, and ii) one or more difunctional and optionally trifunctional polyoxypropylenepolyoxyethylene-polyol containing from 60 to 85% by weight of oxyethylene units, based on the total weight of polymerized alkylene oxide units, and having a hydroxyl number of from 20 to 80.

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 237 words

A multistep process for the preparation of a flexible, soft polyurethane foam having viscoelastic, structure-borne soundproofing properties in a temperature range from -20° C. to +80° C., comprising A) in the first reaction step, 1,2-propylene oxide is polymerized onto an initiator molecule mixture, having a mean functionality of from 2.3 to 2.8, of water and glycerol, or water and trimethylolpropane, or water and glycerol and trimethylolpropane, in the presence of one or more basic catalyst at elevated temperature, and ethylene oxide is polymerized onto the resultant polyoxypropylene adduct in such an amount that the resultant block polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene-polyol mixture has a hydroxyl number of from 14 to 65 and contains from 2 to 9% by weight of terminal ethylene oxide units, based on the weight of the polyoxypropylene units, B) in the second reaction step, i) the resultant block polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene-polyol mixture (A) is mixed with ii) one or more difunctional and optionally trifunctional polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene-polyol containing from 60 to 85% by weight of oxyethylene units, based on the total weight of polymerized alkylene oxide units, and having a hydroxyl number of from 20 to about 80, and C) in the third reaction step, the resultant mixture is reacted with i) an organic polyisocyanate; an organic polyisocyanate modified with ester, urea, biuret, allophanate, isocyanurate, carbodiimide, uretonimine, and urethane groups; and mixtures of said organic polyisocyanate and said modified organic polyisocyanate, in the presence of ii) catalysts, and iii) blowing agent.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 237 words

A multistep process for the preparation of a flexible, soft polyurethane foam having viscoelastic, structure-borne soundproofing properties in a temperature range from -20° C. to +80° C., comprising A) in the first reaction step, 1,2-propylene oxide is polymerized onto an initiator molecule mixture, having a mean functionality of from 2.3 to 2.8, of water and glycerol, or water and trimethylolpropane, or water and glycerol and trimethylolpropane, in the presence of one or more basic catalyst at elevated temperature, and ethylene oxide is polymerized onto the resultant polyoxypropylene adduct in such an amount that the resultant block polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene-polyol mixture has a hydroxyl number of from 14 to 65 and contains from 2 to 9% by weight of terminal ethylene oxide units, based on the weight of the polyoxypropylene units, B) in the second reaction step, i) the resultant block polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene-polyol mixture (A) is mixed with ii) one or more difunctional and optionally trifunctional polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene-polyol containing from 60 to 85% by weight of oxyethylene units, based on the total weight of polymerized alkylene oxide units, and having a hydroxyl number of from 20 to about 80, and C) in the third reaction step, the resultant mixture is reacted with i) an organic polyisocyanate; an organic polyisocyanate modified with ester, urea, biuret, allophanate, isocyanurate, carbodiimide, uretonimine, and urethane groups; and mixtures of said organic polyisocyanate and said modified organic polyisocyanate, in the presence of ii) catalysts, and iii) blowing agent.

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 44 words

A process as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the block polyoxypropylene-polyoxythylene-polyol mixture has a hydroxyl number of from 14 to 40 and contains from 3 to 8% by weight of terminal ethylene oxide units, based on the weight of the polyoxypropylene units.

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 43 words

A process as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the initiator molecule mixture for the preparation of the block polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene-polyol mixtures comprises a molar ratio of water to glycerol, trimethylopropane, or a mixture of glycerol and trimethylolpropane of from 2.3:1 to 1:4.

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 34 words

A process as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein the initiator molecule mixture for the preparation of the block polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene-polyol mixture comprises a water/glycerol mixture in the molar ratio from 2.3:1 to 1:4.

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 67 words

A process as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the polyoxyproplyene-polyoxyethylene-polyol used is a polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene-polyol initiated using glycerol and containing a total of from 70 to 80% by weight of oxyethylene units, of which up to 20% by weight are terminal, and having a hydroxyl number of from 25 to 60, the percentages by weight being based on the total weight of polymerized alkylene oxide units.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 173 words

A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polyoxyalkylene-polyol (A) which has a functionality of two or more consists essentially of a mixture which contains, based on the total of weight of said mixture, A) from 10 to 90% by weight of a block polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene-polyol mixture having a hydroxyl number of from 14 to 40 and containing from 3 to 8% by weight of terminal ethylene oxide units, based on the weight of the polyoxypropylene units, and prepared by anionic polymerization, at elevated temperature, of 1,2-propylene oxide onto an initiator molecule mixture, having a mean functionality of from 2.3 to 2.8, of water and glycerol, or water and trimethylolpropane, or water and glycerol and trimethylolpropane, and polymerization of ethylene oxide onto the resultant polyoxypropylene adduct, and B) from 10 to 90% by weight of one or more difunctional and optionally trifunctional polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene-polyol containing from 60 to 85% by weight of oxyethylene units, based on the total weight of polymerized alkylene oxide units, and having a hydroxyl number of from 20 to 80.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 101 words

A process as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the organic polyisocyanate comprises: a mixture of 4,4'- and 2,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanates, a mixture of diphenylmethane diisocyanates and polyphenylene-polymethylene polyisocyanates containing 35% by weight of more of diphenylmethane diisocyanates, based on the total weight, a mixture of 4,4'- and 2,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and a mixture of 2,4- and 2,6-toluene diisocyanate, a mixture of diphenylmethane diisocyanates and polyphenyl-polymethylene polyisocyanates, a urethane-containing polyisocyanate mixture having an NCO content of from 28 to 14% by weight, based on the total weight, on the basis of diphenylmethane diisocyanates or a mixture of diphenylmethane diisocyanates and polyphenyl-polymethylene polyisocyanates.

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 35 words

A process as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the blowing agent comprises water in an amount of from 0.1 to 8 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polyoxyalkylenepolyol.

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 191 words

A process as claimed in claim 1 or 2, further having an emulsifier as an additive, comprising, a copolymer having a K value of from 5 to 80, measured as a 0.5% strength by weight solution in isopropanol at 25° C. prepared in the presence of a polymerization initiator by free-radical polymerization of A) from 20 to 80% by weight, based on the total weight of monomers (A) and (B), of one or more olefinically unsaturated polyoxyalkylene-alcohol adduct or polyester-alcohol adduct, B) from 80 to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of monomers (A) and (B), of one or more vinyl monomer selected from the group comprising N-vinylformamide, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-vinyl-2-piperidone, N-vinyl-2-caprolactum, N-vinylimidazole, N-vinyl-2-ethyleneurea and N-vinyl-2-propyleneurea, C) from 0.05 to 40 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight, of monomers (A) and (B), of glycidyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate or mixtures thereof, D) from 0 to 10 parts by weight, of one or more α,β-monoolefinically unsaturated acid, and E) from 0 to 30 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of monomers (A) and (B), of one or more olefinically unsaturated carboxamides, carboxylates, styrene and mixtures thereof.

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 153 words

A polyoxyalkylene-polyol mixture comprising, based on the total weight of polyoxalkylene-polyols, A) from 10 to 40% by weight of a block polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene-polyol mixture having a hydroxyl number of from 14 to 40 and containing from 3 to 8% by weight of terminal ethylene oxide units, based on the weight of the polyoxypropylene units, and prepared by anionic polymerization, at elevated temperature, of 1,2-propylene oxide onto an initiator molecule mixture, having a mean functionality of from 2.3 to 2.7, of water and glycerol, and polymerization of ethylene oxide onto the resultant polyoxypropylene adduct, and B) from 60 to 90% by weight of one or more difunctional and optionally trifunctional polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene-polyol containing from 60 to 85% by weight of oxyethylene units, of which up to 20% by weight are terminal, and having a hydroxyl number of from 20 to 80, the percentages by weight being based on the total weight of polymerized alkylene oxide units.

Claim 14

Dependent Claim 153 words

A polyoxyalkylene-polyol mixture comprising, based on the total weight of polyoxalkylene-polyols, A) from 10 to 40% by weight of a block polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene-polyol mixture having a hydroxyl number of from 14 to 40 and containing from 3 to 8% by weight of terminal ethylene oxide units, based on the weight of the polyoxypropylene units, and prepared by anionic polymerization, at elevated temperature, of 1,2-propylene oxide onto an initiator molecule mixture, having a mean functionality of from 2.3 to 2.7, of water and glycerol, and polymerization of ethylene oxide onto the resultant polyoxypropylene adduct, and B) from 60 to 90% by weight of one or more difunctional and optionally trifunctional polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene-polyol containing from 60 to 85% by weight of oxyethylene units, of which up to 20% by weight are terminal, and having a hydroxyl number of from 20 to 80, the percentages by weight being based on the total weight of polymerized alkylene oxide units.

Claim 15

Dependent Claim 68 words

A novel polyoxyalkylene-polyol mixture as claimed in claim 11, wherein the mixture contains, as the polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene-polyol (B), a polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene-polyol initiated using glycerol and containing from 70 to 80% by weight of oxyethylene units, of which from 2 to 15% by weight are terminal, and having a hydroxyl number of from 25 to 60, the percentages by weight being based on the total weight of polymerized alkylene oxide units.

Claim 16

Dependent Claim 173 words

A process as claimed in claim 2, wherein the mixture of block polyoxypropylenepolyoxyethylene-polyol mixture and the one or more difunctional and optionally trifunctional polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene-polyol consists essentially of, based on the total weight of polyoxyalkylene polyols, A) from 10 to 90% by weight of a block polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene-polyol mixture having a hydroxyl number of from 14 to 40 and containing from 3 to 8% by weight of terminal ethylene oxide units, based on the weight of the polyoxypropylene units, and prepared by anionic polymerization, at elevated temperature, of 1,2-propylene oxide onto an initiator molecule mixture, having a mean functionality of from 2.3 to 2.8, of water and glycerol, or water and trimethylolpropane, or water and glycerol and trimethylolpropane, and polymerization of ethylene oxide onto the resultant polyoxypropylene adduct, and B) from 10 to 90% by weight of one or more difunctional and optionally trifunctional polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene-polyol containing from 60 to 85% by weight of oxyethylene units, based on the total weight of polymerized alkylene oxide units, and having a hydroxyl number of from 20 to 80.

Claim 17

Dependent Claim 10 words

The process of claim 13, further comprising a chain extender.

Claim 18

Dependent Claim 22 words

The process of claim 14, consisting of said mixture of block polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene-polyol mixture and the one or more difunctional optionally trifunctional polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene-polyol.

Claim 19

Dependent Claim 40 words

The process of claim 7, wherein the polyoxyalkylene-polyol which has a functionality of two or more consists of said mixture of 10 to 90% of said block polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene-polyol mixture or 10 to 90% of said difunctional and optionally trifunctional polyoxypropylene-polyether-polyol.

Claim 20

Dependent Claim 11 words

The process of claim 16, further comprising a low-molecular-weight chain extender.

Claim 21

Dependent Claim 12 words

The process of claim 1, wherein the blowing agent consists of water.

Claim 22

Dependent Claim 12 words

The process of claim 2, wherein the blowing agent consists of water.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	1998-05-29	1998-11-28	1999-05-30	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	2002-05-29	2002-11-28	2003-05-30	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	2006-05-29	2006-11-28	2007-05-30	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Preparation of flexible, soft polyurethane foams having viscoelastic, structure-borne soundproofing properties, and polyoxyalkylene-polyol mixtures which can be used for this purpose

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