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US5348822A
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Chemically and compositionally modified solid solution disordered multiphase nickel hydroxide positive electrode for alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cells
Assignee: Chevron Technology Ventures LLC
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Filing: 1993-03-08
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Granted: 1994-09-20
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Expires: 2013-03-08
Abstract
Abstract A high capacity, long cycle life positive electrode for use in an alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cell comprising: a solid solution nickel hydroxide material having a multiphase structure that comprises at least one polycrystalline gamma -phase including a polycrystalline gamma -phase unit cell comprising spacedly disposed plates with at least one chemical modifier incorporated around the plates, the plates having a range of stable intersheet distances corresponding to a 2+oxidation state and a 3.5+, or greater, oxidation state; and at least one compositional modifier incorporated into the solid solution nickel hydroxide material to promote the multiphase structure.
Inventors
- 👤 Stanford R. Ovshinsky
- 👤 Dennis Corrigan
- 👤 Srini Venkatesan
- 👤 Rosa Young
- 👤 Christian Fierro
- 👤 Michael A. Fetcenko
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 22:35
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01M; H01M4/00; H01M4/02; H01M4/24; H01M4/26; H01M10/00; H01M10/24; H01M10/26; H01M10/34; H01M10/345; H01M4/28; H01M4/32; H01M4/36; H01M4/48; H01M4/52; H01M4/64; H01M4/70; H01M4/80; H01M2300/00; H01M2300/0002; H01M2300/0014; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/10; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/12; Y10T428/12014; Y10T428/12028; Y10T428/12042; Y10T428/12181; Y10T428/12493; Y10T428/12771; Y10T428/12861; Y10T428/12944; Y10T428/31504; Y10T428/31678
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 24
Claim 1
Independent Claim
98 words
A high capacity, long cycle life positive electrode for use in an alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cell comprising: a solid solution nickel hydroxide material having a multiphase structure that comprises at least one polycrystalline γ-phase including a polycrystalline γ-phase unit cell comprising spacedly disposed plates with at least one chemical modifier incorporated around said plates, said plates having a range of stable intersheet distances corresponding to a 2 + oxidation state and a 3.5 + , or greater, oxidation state; and at least three compositional modifiers incorporated into said solid solution nickel hydroxide material to promote said multiphase structure.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
98 words
A high capacity, long cycle life positive electrode for use in an alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cell comprising: a solid solution nickel hydroxide material having a multiphase structure that comprises at least one polycrystalline γ-phase including a polycrystalline γ-phase unit cell comprising spacedly disposed plates with at least one chemical modifier incorporated around said plates, said plates having a range of stable intersheet distances corresponding to a 2 + oxidation state and a 3.5 + , or greater, oxidation state; and at least three compositional modifiers incorporated into said solid solution nickel hydroxide material to promote said multiphase structure.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
39 words
The positive electrode claimed in claim 1, wherein one of said at least one chemical modifier is chosen from the group consisting of Al, Ba, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, F, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Sr, and Zn.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
38 words
The positive electrode claimed in claim 1, where said at least three compositional modifiers are chosen from the group consisting of a metal, a metallic oxide, a metallic oxide alloy, a metal hydride, and a metal hydride alloy.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
40 words
The positive electrode claimed in claim 1, where said at least three compositional modifiers are chosen from the group consisting of Al, Bi, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, In, LaH 3 , Mn, Ru, Sb, Sn, TiH 2 , TiO, Zn.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
42 words
The positive electrode claimed in claim 2, where one of said at least three compositional modifiers is chosen from the group consisting of Al, Bi, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, In, LaH 3 , Mn, Ru, Sb, Sn, TiH 2 , TiO, Zn.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
18 words
The positive electrode claimed in claim 1, where one of said at least three compositional modifiers is Co.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
20 words
The positive electrode claimed in claim 1, where two of said at least three compositional modifiers are Co and Zn.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
40 words
The positive electrode claimed in claim 2, wherein said at least three compositional modifiers are chosen from the group consisting of Al, Bi, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, In, LaH 3 , Mn, Ru, Sb, Sn, TiH 2 , TiO, Zn.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
50 words
The positive electrode claimed in claim 1, wherein said positive electrode material is a disordered material and has at least one structure selected from the group consisting of (i) amorphous; (ii) microcrystalline; (iii) polycrystalline lacking long range compositional order; and (iv) any combination of said amorphous, microcrystalline, or polycrystalline structures.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
48 words
The positive electrode claimed in claim 1, wherein said positive electrode material is a structurally disordered material comprising multiple or mixed phases where α, β, and γ-phase regions may exist individually or in combination and said positive electrode has a conductive surface and filamentous regions of higher conductivity.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
31 words
The positive electrode claimed in claim 1, wherein said disordered materials contain 8 to 30 atomic percent of said at least three compositional modifiers or said at least one chemical modifier.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
31 words
The positive electrode claimed in claim 1, wherein said disordered materials contain 10 to 20 atomic percent of said at least three compositional modifiers or said at least one chemical modifier.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
32 words
The positive electrode claimed in claim 1, wherein said at least three compositional modifiers are incorporated into said nickel hydroxide material to disrupt the formation of large crystallites and provide electronic conductivity.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
94 words
A high capacity, long cycle life nickel metal hydride cell comprising a positive electrode comprising a solid solution nickel hydroxide electrode material having a multiphase structure that comprises a polycrystalline γ-phase including a polycrystalline γ-phase unit cell comprising spacedly disposed plates with at least one ion chemical modifier incorporated around said plates, said plates having a range of stable intersheet distances corresponding to a 2 + oxidation state and a 3.5 + , or greater, oxidation state; and at least three compositional modifiers substituted for nickel to promote said multiphase structure; and an electrolyte.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
94 words
A high capacity, long cycle life nickel metal hydride cell comprising a positive electrode comprising a solid solution nickel hydroxide electrode material having a multiphase structure that comprises a polycrystalline γ-phase including a polycrystalline γ-phase unit cell comprising spacedly disposed plates with at least one ion chemical modifier incorporated around said plates, said plates having a range of stable intersheet distances corresponding to a 2 + oxidation state and a 3.5 + , or greater, oxidation state; and at least three compositional modifiers substituted for nickel to promote said multiphase structure; and an electrolyte.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
41 words
The nickel metal hydride cell of claim 14, where one of said at least one chemical modifier ion is chosen from the group consisting of Al, Ba, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, F, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Sr, and Zn.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
43 words
The nickel metal hydride cell of claim 14, where one of said at least three compositional modifiers is chosen from the group consisting of Al, Bi, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, In, LaH 3 , Mn, Ru, Sb, Sn, TiH 2 , TiO, Zn.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
41 words
The nickel metal hydride cell of claim 14, where said at least three compositional modifiers are chosen from the group consisting of Al, Bi, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, In, LaH 3 , Mn, Ru, Sb, Sn, TiH 2 , TiO, Zn.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
51 words
The nickel metal hydride cell of claim 14, where said positive electrode material is a disordered material and has at least one structure selected from the group consisting of (i) amorphous; (ii) microcrystalline; (iii) polycrystalline lacking long range compositional order; and (iv) any combination of said amorphous, microcrystalline, or polycrystalline structures.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
49 words
The nickel metal hydride cell of claim 14, where said positive electrode material is a structurally disordered material comprising multiple or mixed phases where α, β, and γ-phase regions may exist individually or in combination and said positive electrode has a conductive surface and filamentous regions of higher conductivity.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
32 words
The nickel metal hydride cell of claim 14, where said disordered materials contain 10 to 20 atomic percent of said at least three compositional modifiers or said at least one chemical modifier.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
46 words
The nickel metal hydride cell of claim 14, where said electrolyte comprises at least one element chosen from the group consisting of Ba, Ca, Cs, K, Na, Ra, Rb, and Sr, combined with at least one member of the group consisting of Br, Cl, F, OH.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
27 words
The nickel metal hydride cell of claim 14, where said electrolyte comprises KOH and at least one element chosen from the group consisting of CsF and CsOH.
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| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
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| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1997-09-19 | 1998-03-21 | 1998-09-20 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2001-09-19 | 2002-03-21 | 2002-09-20 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2005-09-19 | 2006-03-21 | 2006-09-20 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |