US5330872A — Liquid colored toner compositions

Claim 1

Independent Claim 349 words

A liquid toner composition comprising: A. a colored predispersion comprising a homogeneous mixture of at least one nonpolymeric resin material, at least one polymeric plasticizer, at least one colorant material and at least one maleic anhydride adduct of polyolefin; (1) said nonpolymeric resin material characterized by: (aa) being insoluble and nonswellable in the liquid carrier; (bb) having a melting point between 60° to 180° C.; and (cc) having an acid number higher than about 100; (2) said polymeric plasticizer characterized by: (aa) being soluble in said nonpolymeric resin; (bb) being insoluble in the liquid carrier; (cc) having a melting point from about 35° C. to about 70° C.; and (3) said colorant material having an average primary particle size of less than about 0.5 microns; (4) said maleic anhydride adduct of polyolefin characterized by (aa) being partially soluble in the liquid carrier; and (bb) having an acid number higher than about 45; and wherein said colored predispersion contains about 50% to about 98.5% by weight nonpolymeric resin; about 1.0% to 20% by weight polymeric plasticizer; about 0.5% to 30% by weight colorant material and about 0.5 to about 10% by weight anhydride adduct of polyolefin; and B. an aliphatic hydrocarbon carrier liquid having a conductivity of 10 -9 MHOS/ cm or less, a dielectric constant of 3 or less, and a flash point of 100° F. or greater; and C. external charge system comprising an interacting mixture of a maleic anhydride adduct of polyolefin and an amphipathic copolymer, said maleic anhydride adduct of polyolefin characterized by: (aa) being partially soluble in the liquid carrier; and (bb) having an acid number higher than about 45; the weight ratio of said anhydride adduct of polyolefin and amphipathic copolymer being from about 1:10 to about 10:1; wherein said toner containing about 0.1% to about 10% by weight colored predispersion and about 99.9% to about by weight of said liquid carrier and about 0.005% to about 0.25% of said external charge system and said colored predispersion particles having about 0.5-10 micron average particle size and being insoluble and nonswellable in said liquid carrier.

Claim 2

Dependent Claim 349 words

A liquid toner composition comprising: A. a colored predispersion comprising a homogeneous mixture of at least one nonpolymeric resin material, at least one polymeric plasticizer, at least one colorant material and at least one maleic anhydride adduct of polyolefin; (1) said nonpolymeric resin material characterized by: (aa) being insoluble and nonswellable in the liquid carrier; (bb) having a melting point between 60° to 180° C.; and (cc) having an acid number higher than about 100; (2) said polymeric plasticizer characterized by: (aa) being soluble in said nonpolymeric resin; (bb) being insoluble in the liquid carrier; (cc) having a melting point from about 35° C. to about 70° C.; and (3) said colorant material having an average primary particle size of less than about 0.5 microns; (4) said maleic anhydride adduct of polyolefin characterized by (aa) being partially soluble in the liquid carrier; and (bb) having an acid number higher than about 45; and wherein said colored predispersion contains about 50% to about 98.5% by weight nonpolymeric resin; about 1.0% to 20% by weight polymeric plasticizer; about 0.5% to 30% by weight colorant material and about 0.5 to about 10% by weight anhydride adduct of polyolefin; and B. an aliphatic hydrocarbon carrier liquid having a conductivity of 10 -9 MHOS/ cm or less, a dielectric constant of 3 or less, and a flash point of 100° F. or greater; and C. external charge system comprising an interacting mixture of a maleic anhydride adduct of polyolefin and an amphipathic copolymer, said maleic anhydride adduct of polyolefin characterized by: (aa) being partially soluble in the liquid carrier; and (bb) having an acid number higher than about 45; the weight ratio of said anhydride adduct of polyolefin and amphipathic copolymer being from about 1:10 to about 10:1; wherein said toner containing about 0.1% to about 10% by weight colored predispersion and about 99.9% to about by weight of said liquid carrier and about 0.005% to about 0.25% of said external charge system and said colored predispersion particles having about 0.5-10 micron average particle size and being insoluble and nonswellable in said liquid carrier.

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 15 words

The liquid toner of claim 1 wherein said nonpolymeric resin is a maleic modified rosin.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 24 words

The liquid toner of claim 1 wherein said polymeric plasticizer is a polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight from about 1,000 to about 10,000.

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 14 words

The liquid toner of claim 1 wherein said colorant material is a pigment material.

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 36 words

The liquid toner of claim 1 wherein said colored predispersion comprises a homogeneous mixture of a maleic modified rosin, a polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight from about 1,000 to about 10,000, and a pigment material.

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 23 words

The liquid toner of claim 5 wherein said maleic modified rosin is about 70% to about 90% by weight of the colored predispersion.

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 32 words

The liquid toner of claim 6 wherein said polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight from about 1,000 to about 10,000 is about 5% to about 15% by weight of the colored predispersion.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 26 words

The liquid toner of claim 6 wherein said organic or inorganic pigment material is from about 5% to about 15% by weight of said colored predispersion.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 34 words

The liquid toner of claim 1 wherein said liquid toner additionally contains a graft amphipathic copolymer (D) in an amount from 0% to about 20% by weight of the solids of said liquid toner.

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 41 words

The liquid toner of claim 1 wherein said liquid toner additionally contains a ionic or zwitterionic charge director (E) soluble in said liquid carrier in an amount from 0% to about 5% by weight of the solids of said liquid toner.

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 33 words

The liquid toner of claim 1 wherein said liquid toner additionally contains a charge adjuvant (F) in the amount from 0% to about 5% by weight of the solids content of said toner.

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 32 words

The liquid toner of claim 1 wherein said liquid toner additionally contains a wax in the amount from about 0% to about 30% by, weight of the solids content of said toner.

Claim 14

Dependent Claim 23 words

The liquid toner of claim 1 wherein said solids content of said liquid toner is from about 0.2% to about 3% by weight.

Claim 15

Dependent Claim 349 words

A liquid toner concentrate composition comprising: A. a colored predispersion comprising a homogeneous mixture of at least one nonpolymeric resin material, at least one polymeric plasticizer, at least one colorant material and at least one maleic anhydride adduct of polyolefin; (1) said nonpolymeric resin material characterized by: (aa) being insoluble and nonswellable in the liquid carrier; (bb) having a melting point between 60° to 180° C.; and (cc) having an acid number higher than about 100; (2) said polymeric plasticizer characterized by: (aa) being soluble in said nonpolymeric resin; (bb) being insoluble in the liquid carrier; (cc) having a melting point from about 35° C. to about 70° C.; and (3) said colorant material having an average primary particle size of less than about 0.5 microns; (4) said maleic anhydride adduct of polyolefin characterized by (aa) being partially soluble in the liquid carrier; and (bb) having an acid number higher than about 45; and wherein said colored predispersion contains about 50% to about 98.5% by weight nonpolymeric resin; about 1.0% to 20% by weight polymeric plasticizer; about 0.5% to 30% by weight colorant material and about 0.5 to about 10% by weight anhydride adduct of polyolefin; and B. an aliphatic hydrocarbon carrier liquid having a conductivity of 10 -9 MHOS/ cm or less, a dielectric constant of 3 or less, and a flash point of 100° F. or greater; and C. external charge system comprising an interacting mixture of a maleic anhydride adduct of polyolefin and an amphipathic copolymer, said maleic anhydride adduct of polyolefin characterized by: (aa) being partially soluble in the liquid carrier; and (bb) having an acid number higher than about 45; the weight ratio of said maleic-modified wax and amphipathic copolymer being from about 1:10 to about 10:1; wherein said toner concentrate containing about 20% to about 50% by weight solids and about 80% to about 50% by weight of said liquid carrier and about 0.005% to about 0.25% of said external charge system and said colored predispersion particles having about 0.5-10 micron average particle size and being insoluble and nonswellable in said liquid carrier.

Claim 16

Dependent Claim 349 words

A liquid toner concentrate composition comprising: A. a colored predispersion comprising a homogeneous mixture of at least one nonpolymeric resin material, at least one polymeric plasticizer, at least one colorant material and at least one maleic anhydride adduct of polyolefin; (1) said nonpolymeric resin material characterized by: (aa) being insoluble and nonswellable in the liquid carrier; (bb) having a melting point between 60° to 180° C.; and (cc) having an acid number higher than about 100; (2) said polymeric plasticizer characterized by: (aa) being soluble in said nonpolymeric resin; (bb) being insoluble in the liquid carrier; (cc) having a melting point from about 35° C. to about 70° C.; and (3) said colorant material having an average primary particle size of less than about 0.5 microns; (4) said maleic anhydride adduct of polyolefin characterized by (aa) being partially soluble in the liquid carrier; and (bb) having an acid number higher than about 45; and wherein said colored predispersion contains about 50% to about 98.5% by weight nonpolymeric resin; about 1.0% to 20% by weight polymeric plasticizer; about 0.5% to 30% by weight colorant material and about 0.5 to about 10% by weight anhydride adduct of polyolefin; and B. an aliphatic hydrocarbon carrier liquid having a conductivity of 10 -9 MHOS/ cm or less, a dielectric constant of 3 or less, and a flash point of 100° F. or greater; and C. external charge system comprising an interacting mixture of a maleic anhydride adduct of polyolefin and an amphipathic copolymer, said maleic anhydride adduct of polyolefin characterized by: (aa) being partially soluble in the liquid carrier; and (bb) having an acid number higher than about 45; the weight ratio of said maleic-modified wax and amphipathic copolymer being from about 1:10 to about 10:1; wherein said toner concentrate containing about 20% to about 50% by weight solids and about 80% to about 50% by weight of said liquid carrier and about 0.005% to about 0.25% of said external charge system and said colored predispersion particles having about 0.5-10 micron average particle size and being insoluble and nonswellable in said liquid carrier.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	1997-07-18	1998-01-17	1998-07-19	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	2001-07-18	2002-01-17	2002-07-19	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	2005-07-18	2006-01-17	2006-07-19	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Liquid colored toner compositions

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