Patent US5215854A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US5215854A
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US
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Process for producing microcapsule toner
Assignee: Canon Inc
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Filing: 1989-10-04
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Granted: 1993-06-01
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Expires: 2009-10-04
Abstract
Abstract A microcapsule toner is produced through the steps of: passing resinous base particles (A1) comprising at least a binder resin and modifier particles (B) having a particle size ratio of 0.2 or less with respect to the base particles (A1) through an impact zone having a minimum clearance of 0.5-5 mm between a rotating member and a fixed member or between at least two rotating members at an ambient temperature of 10°-90° C. thereby to fix the modifier particles (B) onto the surfaces of the base particles (A1) under the action of a mechanical impact force to form particles (A2), the modifier particles (B) being particles selected from the group consisting of charge-controlling particles releasing particles, colored particles, charge-suppressing particles and abrasive particles; and passing the particles (A2) and shell-forming resin particles (C) having a particle size ratio of 0.2 or less with respect to the particles (A2) through an impact zone having a minimum clearance of 0.5-5 mm between a rotating member and a fixed member or between at least two rotating members at an ambient temperature of 10°-90° C. thereby to fix the shell-forming resin particles onto the surfaces of the particles (A2) under the action of a mechanical impact force to form a shell, thus obtaining a microcapsule toner.
Inventors
- 👤 Masuo Yamazaki
- 👤 Atsuko Kobayashi
- 👤 Hitoshi Kanda
- 👤 Yusuke Karami
- 👤 Yasuhide Goseki
- 👤 Yasutaka Akashi
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 16:45
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/0825; G03G9/093; G03G9/0935; G03G9/09357; G03G9/09364; G03G9/09378; G03G9/09385
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 45
Claim 1
Independent Claim
240 words
A process for producing a microcapsule toner, comprising: passing resinous base particles (A1) comprising at least a binder resin and modifier particles (B) having a particle size ratio of 0.2 or less with respect to the base particles (Al) through an impact zone having a minimum clearance of 0.5-5 mm between a rotating member and a fixed member or between at least two rotating members at a first ambient temperature of 40°-55° C. to thereby fix the modifier particles (B) onto the surfaces of the base particles (A1) under the action of a mechanical impact force to form particles (A2), the modifier particles (B) being particles selected from the group consisting of charge-controlling particles, releasing particles, colored particles, charge-suppressing particles and abrasive particles; and passing the particles (A2) and shell-forming resin particles (C), said shell-forming resin particles (C) in an amount sufficient to provide a shell coverage of 51-100% and having a particle size ratio of 0.2 or less with respect to the particles (A2), through an impact zone having a minimum clearance of 0.5-5 mm between a rotating member and a fixed member or between at least two rotating members at a second ambient temperature of 45°-86° C., said second ambient temperature being higher than the first ambient temperature to fix the shell-forming resin particles onto the surfaces of the particles (A2) under the action of a mechanical impact force to form a shell, thus obtaining a microcapsule toner.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
240 words
A process for producing a microcapsule toner, comprising: passing resinous base particles (A1) comprising at least a binder resin and modifier particles (B) having a particle size ratio of 0.2 or less with respect to the base particles (Al) through an impact zone having a minimum clearance of 0.5-5 mm between a rotating member and a fixed member or between at least two rotating members at a first ambient temperature of 40°-55° C. to thereby fix the modifier particles (B) onto the surfaces of the base particles (A1) under the action of a mechanical impact force to form particles (A2), the modifier particles (B) being particles selected from the group consisting of charge-controlling particles, releasing particles, colored particles, charge-suppressing particles and abrasive particles; and passing the particles (A2) and shell-forming resin particles (C), said shell-forming resin particles (C) in an amount sufficient to provide a shell coverage of 51-100% and having a particle size ratio of 0.2 or less with respect to the particles (A2), through an impact zone having a minimum clearance of 0.5-5 mm between a rotating member and a fixed member or between at least two rotating members at a second ambient temperature of 45°-86° C., said second ambient temperature being higher than the first ambient temperature to fix the shell-forming resin particles onto the surfaces of the particles (A2) under the action of a mechanical impact force to form a shell, thus obtaining a microcapsule toner.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the microcapsule toner has a shell coverage of 80-100%.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the microcapsule toner has a shell coverage of 95-100%.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
39 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the particles (A1) have a volume-average particle size of 2 -20 microns, and the particles (B) have an average particle size ratio of 0.2 or less with respect to the particles (A1).
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
24 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the particles (B) are first mixed with silica fine powder and then fixed onto the particles (A1).
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
24 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the particles (C) are first mixed with silica fine powder and then fixed onto the particles (A2).
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
46 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the particles (B) are fixed onto the particles (A1) and the particles (C) are then fixed onto the particles (A2), respectively, under the condition providing a minimum clearance of 1-3 mm between a rotating member and a fixed member.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
42 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the particles (B) are fixed onto the particles (A1) and the particles (C) are then fixed onto the particles (A2), respectively, under the condition providing a minimum clearance of 1-3 mm between two rotating members.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the particles (A1) comprise spherical particles prepared by suspension polymerization.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the particles (B) comprise spherical particles prepared by suspension polymerization.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the particles (C) comprise spherical particles prepared by suspension polymerization.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the particles (C) are fixed onto the particles (A2) to provide a microcapsule toner having a shell thickness of 0.01-2.0 microns.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the particles (C) are fixed onto the particles (A2) to provide a microcapsule toner having a shell thickness of 0.05-1.0 micron.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the particles (A1) have a pseudo-capsule structure.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the charge-suppressing particles (B) show a resistivity of 10 -2 -10 13 ohm/cm.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
71 words
A process according to claim 15, wherein the charge-suppressing particles (B) comprise particles of a material selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel, iron alloy, cobalt alloy, nickel alloy, magnetite, hematite, ferrite, SnO 2 , ZnO, Fe 2 O, Al 2 O 3 , CaO, BaO, MgO, TiO 2 , TiO, SnO 2 --TiO 2 , SnO 2 --BaSO 4 , SiO 2 , SrTiO 3 and carbon black.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
41 words
A process according to claim 15, wherein the charge-suppressing particles (B) comprise colorless or pale powder of a material selected from the group consisting of ZnO 2 , SiO 2 , TiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 and SrTiO 3
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the charge-suppressing particles (B) show a resistivity of 10 -2 -10 4 ohm/cm.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process according to claim 18, wherein the charge-suppressing particles (B) are used in na amount of 0.1-10 wt. parts per 100 wt. parts of the particles (A1).
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the colored particles (B) comprise particles of a pigment and/or a dye.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the colored particles (B) comprise a resin and a colorant.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process according to claim 21, wherein the colored particles have been formed by suspension polymerization.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process according to claim 21, wherein the colorant is a pigment and/or a dye and is mixed in a weight ratio of 1:99-99:1 with the resin.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process according to claim 23,wherein the colorant is mixed in a weight ratio of 5:95-95:5 with the resin.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the colored particles (B) are fixed onto the particles (A1) to provide a coverage of 1-100%.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
31 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the charge-controlling particles (B) comprise a positive charge controller or negative charge controller which is solid at least at a temperature of 20°-90° C.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the charge-controlling particles (B) comprise a resin and a positive or negative charge controller.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the charge-controlling particles (B) are used in a proportion of 0.01-10 wt. parts per 100 wt. parts of the particles (A1).
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the charge-controlling particles (B) are used in a proportion of 0.05-2 wt. parts per 100 wt. parts of the particles (A1).
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the charge-controlling particles have a triboelectric chargeability of 3 μC/g or move in terms of an absolute value.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the charge-controlling particles have a triboelectric chargeability of 7 μC/g or more in terms of an absolute value.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
45 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the abrasive particles comprise powder of a material showing a Mohs hardness of 3 or higher selected from the group consisting of inorganic metal oxides, inorganic metal nitrides, inorganic metal carbides, inorganic metal sulfates and inorganic metal carbonates.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
54 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the abrasive particles (B) comprises powder of an inorganic compound selected from the group consisting of SiO 2 , SrTiO 2 , CeO 2 , CrO, Al 2 O 3 , MgO, Si 3 N 4 , SiC, CaSO 4 , BaSO 4 and CaCO 3 .
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the abrasive particles (B) are fixed onto the particles (A1) to provide a coverage of 10-100%.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
29 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the abrasive particles (B) are used in a proportion of 0.1 -30 wt. parts per 100 wt. parts of the particles (A1).
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the releasing particles (B) have a softening point of 40-130° C.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the releasing particles (B) have a softening point of 50-120° C.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
29 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the releasing particles (B) are used in a proportion of 0.1 -5 wt. parts per 100 wt. parts of the particles (A1).
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the particles (A1) comprise crosslinked styrene-acrylic-type copolymer or crosslinked polyester resin as the binder resin.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the particles (C) comprise crosslinked styrene-acrylic-type copolymer or crosslinked polyester resin.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein the rotating member rotates at a peripheral speed of 30-150 m/sec.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein the base particles (A1) and the modifier particles (B) are pre-treated in a mixer before the fixation of the modifier particles.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process according to claim 1, wherein the particles (A2) and the shell-forming resin particles (C) are pre-treated in a mixer before the fixation of the modifier particles.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the second ambient temperature is higher by at least 5° C. than the first ambient temperature.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
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| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1996-05-31 | 1996-11-30 | 1997-06-01 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2000-05-31 | 2000-11-30 | 2001-06-01 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2004-05-31 | 2004-11-30 | 2005-06-01 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |