US5190451A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Emission control fluid bed reactor
Assignee: COMBUSTION POWER Corp
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Filing: 1992-02-06
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Granted: 1993-03-02
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Expires: 2012-02-06
Abstract
Abstract An emission control fluidized bed reactor is disclosed. The reactor includes a central chamber with a fluidized bed at the base of the central chamber and circulating particulate matter above the fluidized bed forming a freeboard. The fluidized bed is maintained at a temperature range between 1500° F. and 1600° F. The freeboard is operated in a predetermined environment between 1600° F. and 1700° F. and with a velocity between 4 to 12 feet per second. An externally fed gas from a discrete industrial process such as an external combustion system or a plant process is conveyed into the freeboard. The externally fed gas includes pollutants which are suppressed as a result of the predetermined environment in the freeboard.
Inventors
- 👤 Gerhardt O. Goldbach
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 20:19
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01D; B01D53/00; B01D53/34; B01D53/343; B01D53/46; B01D53/60; F; F23; F23C; F23C10/00; F23C10/02; F23C10/04; F23C10/08; F23C10/10; F23G; F23G5/00; F23G5/30; F23G7/00; F23G7/06; F23J; F23J2215/00; F23J2215/10; F23J2215/20
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 17
Claim 1
Independent Claim
106 words
A fluidized bed reactor comprising: a central chamber; means for receiving an externally fed gas from a discrete industrial process, said receiving means being coupled to said central chamber to convey said gas to said chamber, said gas containing contaminants; means for circulating particulate matter within said central chamber; means for producing an operating temperature of at least 1,500° F. within said central chamber; and means for maintaining a freeboard oxygen level of not more than 4% in said central chamber, said producing means and said maintaining means facilitating chemical reactions between said gas and said circulating particulate matter to reduce said contaminants in said gas.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
106 words
A fluidized bed reactor comprising: a central chamber; means for receiving an externally fed gas from a discrete industrial process, said receiving means being coupled to said central chamber to convey said gas to said chamber, said gas containing contaminants; means for circulating particulate matter within said central chamber; means for producing an operating temperature of at least 1,500° F. within said central chamber; and means for maintaining a freeboard oxygen level of not more than 4% in said central chamber, said producing means and said maintaining means facilitating chemical reactions between said gas and said circulating particulate matter to reduce said contaminants in said gas.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
33 words
The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said fluidized bed reactor includes means for injecting a gaseous reactant, said injected gaseous reactant chemically reacting with said gas to reduce said contaminants in said gas.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
28 words
The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said contaminants include SO x and NO x , said circulating particulate matter includes CaO, and said injected gaseous reactant includes ammonia.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
70 words
The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said fluidized bed reactor includes a cyclone riser positioned on top of said chamber, a recycle cyclone positioned on top of said chamber, said means for injecting a gaseous reactant positioned between said cyclone riser and said recycle cyclone on top of said chamber, and a return conduit positioned within said chamber for returning said particulate matter from said recycle cyclone to said chamber.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
34 words
The apparatus of claim 4 including means for directing a continuous stream of fluidizing gas from below said fluidized bed and upwards within said freeboard so as to fluidize said particles of said bed.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
26 words
The apparatus of claim 5 wherein said externally fed gas is up to five times the flow rate of said continuous stream from said fluidized bed.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
64 words
The apparatus of claim 5 wherein said recycle cyclone captures substantially all of said fine particles from said continuous stream and returns substantially all of said captured particles to said fluidized bed via said return conduit, thereby defining a recycling path of movement from said bed through said freeboard and back into said bed, said recycling path being maintained at a substantially constant temperature.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
106 words
A method of operating a fluidized bed reactor which comprises a central chamber with a fluidized bed at the base of said central chamber and circulating particulate matter above said fluidized bed forming a freeboard, said method comprising the steps of: maintaining said fluidized bed in a temperature range between 1500° F. and 1600° F.; operating said freeboard in a predetermined environment between 1600° F. and 1700° F. and with a velocity between 4 to 12 feet per second; and receiving an externally fed gas from a discrete industrial process within said central chamber, said externally fed gas including pollutants which are suppressed within said freeboard.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
106 words
A method of operating a fluidized bed reactor which comprises a central chamber with a fluidized bed at the base of said central chamber and circulating particulate matter above said fluidized bed forming a freeboard, said method comprising the steps of: maintaining said fluidized bed in a temperature range between 1500° F. and 1600° F.; operating said freeboard in a predetermined environment between 1600° F. and 1700° F. and with a velocity between 4 to 12 feet per second; and receiving an externally fed gas from a discrete industrial process within said central chamber, said externally fed gas including pollutants which are suppressed within said freeboard.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 8 wherein said operating step is adjusted in response to said receiving step to maintain said predetermined environment.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 9, wherein the oxygen level of said freeboard is maintained between 0 and 18%.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
114 words
A method of operating a fluidized bed reactor which comprises a central chamber with a fluidized bed at the base of said central chamber and circulating particulate matter above said fluidized bed forming a freeboard, said method comprising the steps of: receiving an externally fed gas from a discrete industrial process, said gas containing contaminants; operating said fluidized bed at a temperature of at least 1500° F.; generating a temperature of at least 1600° F. within said freeboard; maintaining an oxygen level of less than 4% within said freeboard so that said generating and maintaining steps facilitate chemical reactions between said gas and said circulating particulate matter to reduce said contaminants in said gas.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
114 words
A method of operating a fluidized bed reactor which comprises a central chamber with a fluidized bed at the base of said central chamber and circulating particulate matter above said fluidized bed forming a freeboard, said method comprising the steps of: receiving an externally fed gas from a discrete industrial process, said gas containing contaminants; operating said fluidized bed at a temperature of at least 1500° F.; generating a temperature of at least 1600° F. within said freeboard; maintaining an oxygen level of less than 4% within said freeboard so that said generating and maintaining steps facilitate chemical reactions between said gas and said circulating particulate matter to reduce said contaminants in said gas.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 11 further including the step of injecting a gaseous reactant into said circulating particulate material to reduce said contaminants in said gas.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 12 wherein said contaminants include SO x and NO x , said circulating particulate matter includes CaO, and said injected gaseous reactant includes ammonia.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method of claim 12 including the step of directing a continuous stream of fluidizing gas from below said fluidized bed and upwards within said freeboard so as to fluidize said particles of said bed.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1996-03-01 | 1996-08-31 | 1997-03-02 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2000-03-01 | 2000-08-31 | 2001-03-02 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2004-03-01 | 2004-08-31 | 2005-03-02 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |