Patent US5126026A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US5126026A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Guard membranes for use in electrodialysis cells
Assignee: Marmon Industrial Water LLC
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Filing: 1990-09-28
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Granted: 1992-06-30
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Expires: 2010-09-28
Abstract
Abstract The present invention relates to an improved apparatus of the type containing membranes which are selectively permeable to ion transport and a related method. The apparatus comprises at least one guard membrane located adjacent to a first membrane. The apparatus comprises at least one unit cell comprising at least one first membrane having at least one ion selective layer selected from the group consisting of an anion selective layer and cation selective layer. There is at least one separate guard membrane adjacent to at least one first membrane.
Inventors
- 👤 Frederick P. Chlanda
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 11:54
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01D; B01D61/00; B01D61/42; B01D61/44; B01D61/52; B01D61/445; C; C08; C08J; C08J5/00; C08J5/20; C08J5/22; C08J5/2206; C08J5/2275
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 35
Claim 1
Independent Claim
73 words
A unit cell comprising: at least one first membrane having at least one ion selective layer selected from the group consisting of anion selective layers and cation selective layers, and at least one separate monopolar guard membrane adjacent to the at least one first membrane, the guard membrane being in contact with the first membrane along a layer of the first membrane selective to the same type of ions as the guard membrane.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
73 words
A unit cell comprising: at least one first membrane having at least one ion selective layer selected from the group consisting of anion selective layers and cation selective layers, and at least one separate monopolar guard membrane adjacent to the at least one first membrane, the guard membrane being in contact with the first membrane along a layer of the first membrane selective to the same type of ions as the guard membrane.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
79 words
An electrodialysis apparatus comprising at least one unit cell comprising: at least one first membrane having at least one ion selective layer selected from the group consisting of anion selective layers and cation selective layers, and at least one separate monopolar guard membrane adjacent to the at least one first membrane, the guard membrane being in contact with the first membrane along a layer of the first membrane selective to the same type of ions as the guard membrane.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
79 words
An electrodialysis apparatus comprising at least one unit cell comprising: at least one first membrane having at least one ion selective layer selected from the group consisting of anion selective layers and cation selective layers, and at least one separate monopolar guard membrane adjacent to the at least one first membrane, the guard membrane being in contact with the first membrane along a layer of the first membrane selective to the same type of ions as the guard membrane.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
16 words
The apparatus as recited in claim 2 wherein the guard membrane is an anion selective membrane.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
16 words
The apparatus as recited in claim 2 wherein the guard membrane is an cation selective membrane.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
38 words
The apparatus as recited in claim 2 wherein the first membrane is a bipolar membrane having a cation selective layer and an anion selective layer, the bipolar membrane being adjacent to at least one separate monopolar guard membrane.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
23 words
The apparatus as recited in claim 5 wherein the guard membrane is selected from the group consisting of anion and cation selective membrane.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
24 words
The apparatus as recited in claim 2 wherein first membrane is a cation selective membrane and the guard membrane is a cation selective membrane.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
24 words
The apparatus as recited in claim 2 wherein first membrane is an anion selective membrane and the guard membrane is an anion selective membrane.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
64 words
An electrodialysis apparatus comprising at least one unit cell comprising: a bipolar membrane having a cation selective layer and an anion selective layer, and at least one separate monopolar guard membrane adjacent to the bipolar membrane, the guard membrane being in contact with the bipolar membrane along a layer of the bipolar membrane selective to the same type of ions as the guard membrane.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
64 words
An electrodialysis apparatus comprising at least one unit cell comprising: a bipolar membrane having a cation selective layer and an anion selective layer, and at least one separate monopolar guard membrane adjacent to the bipolar membrane, the guard membrane being in contact with the bipolar membrane along a layer of the bipolar membrane selective to the same type of ions as the guard membrane.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
56 words
The apparatus as recited in claim 9 further comprising: at least one ion selective membrane serially aligned with the adjacent bipolar membrane and guard membrane, there being a product compartment between the ion selective membrane and the adjacent membranes; and an aqueous salt solution feed compartment adjacent the product compartment with the ion selective membrane therebetween.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
26 words
The apparatus as recited in claim 10 wherein the ion selective membrane is an anion selective membrane facing toward the cation layer of the bipolar membrane.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
26 words
The apparatus as recited in claim 10 wherein the ion selective membrane is an cation selective membrane facing toward the anion layer of the bipolar membrane.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
99 words
The apparatus as recited in claim 9 wherein the unit cell comprises: at least one cation selective membrane serially aligned with the adjacent bipolar membrane and guard membrane, there being a base product compartment between said cation selective membrane and the adjacent membranes; at least one anion selective membrane serially aligned with the adjacent bipolar membrane and guard membrane, there being an acid product compartment between said anion selective membrane and the last adjacent membranes; and at least a portion of an aqueous salt solution feed compartment serially aligned with each product compartment with the ion selective means therebetween.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
20 words
The apparatus as recited in claim 9 wherein there is a means to supply an electrical potential across said cell.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
16 words
The apparatus as recited in claim 13 wherein the guard membrane is an anion selective membrane.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
16 words
The apparatus as recited in claim 13 wherein the guard membrane is an cation selective membrane.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
15 words
The apparatus as recited in claim 9 wherein there are at least two unit cells.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
58 words
A unit cell comprising: a bipolar membrane having a cation selective layer and an anion selective layer, and at least one separate monopolar guard membrane adjacent to the bipolar membrane, the guard membrane being in contact with the bipolar membrane along a layer of the bipolar membrane selective to the same type of ions as the guard membrane.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
58 words
A unit cell comprising: a bipolar membrane having a cation selective layer and an anion selective layer, and at least one separate monopolar guard membrane adjacent to the bipolar membrane, the guard membrane being in contact with the bipolar membrane along a layer of the bipolar membrane selective to the same type of ions as the guard membrane.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
57 words
The unit cell as recited in claim 18 further comprising: at least one ion selective membrane serially aligned with the adjacent bipolar membrane and guard membrane, there being a product compartment between the ion selective membrane and the adjacent membrane; and an aqueous salt solution feed compartment adjacent the product compartment with the ion selective membrane therebetween.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
27 words
The unit cell as recited in claim 19 wherein the ion selective membrane is an anion selective membrane facing toward the cation layer of the bipolar membrane.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
27 words
The unit cell as recited in claim 19 wherein the ion selective membrane is an cation selective membrane facing toward the anion layer of the bipolar membrane.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
100 words
The unit cell as recited in claim 18 wherein the unit cell comprises: at least one cation selective membrane serially aligned with the adjacent bipolar membrane and guard membrane, there being a base product compartment between said cation selective membrane and the adjacent membranes; at least one anion selective membrane serially aligned with the adjacent bipolar membrane and guard membrane, there being an acid product compartment between said anion selective membrane and the last adjacent membrane; and at least a portion of an aqueous salt solution feed compartment serially aligned with each product compartment with the ion selective means therebetween.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
94 words
An improved method of electrodialytically treating an aqueous stream comprising electrolytes in an electrodialysis apparatus comprising at least one unit cell comprising at least one first membrane having at least one ion selective layer selected from the group consisting of anion selective layers and cation selective layers, wherein the improvement comprises placing at least one monopolar separate guard membrane adjacent to at least one first membrane, the guard membrane being in contact with the first membrane along a layer of the first membrane selective to the same type of ions as the guard membrane.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
94 words
An improved method of electrodialytically treating an aqueous stream comprising electrolytes in an electrodialysis apparatus comprising at least one unit cell comprising at least one first membrane having at least one ion selective layer selected from the group consisting of anion selective layers and cation selective layers, wherein the improvement comprises placing at least one monopolar separate guard membrane adjacent to at least one first membrane, the guard membrane being in contact with the first membrane along a layer of the first membrane selective to the same type of ions as the guard membrane.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 23 wherein the guard membrane is a monopolar membrane.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method as recited in claim 24 wherein the guard membrane is an anion selective membrane.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method as recited in claim 24 wherein the guard membrane is a cation selective membrane.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method as recited in claim 23 wherein the first membrane is a bipolar membrane having a cation selective layer and an anion selective layer, the bipolar membrane being adjacent to at least one separate monopolar guard membrane.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method as recited in claim 27 wherein the guard membrane is selected from the group consisting of anion and cation selective membrane.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method as recited in claim 24 wherein first membrane is a cation selective membrane and the guard membrane is a cation selective membrane.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method as recited in claim 24 wherein first membrane is a anion selective membrane and the guard membrane is an anion selective membrane.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1995-06-30 | 1995-12-30 | 1996-06-30 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1999-06-30 | 1999-12-30 | 2000-06-30 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2003-06-30 | 2003-12-30 | 2004-06-30 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |