US5114804A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Battery and method of making the battery
Assignee: Moli Energy Ltd
•
Filing: 1990-12-04
•
Granted: 1992-05-19
•
Expires: 2010-12-04
Abstract
Abstract An electrode apparatus is disclosed including an electrode which forms a porous, exterior, amalgamated deposit thereon; and means for applying a compressive load to the electrode such that the deposit, when formed, is compressed so as to enhance stripping from the outer surface of said amalgamated deposit. Also a battery, a method of making a battery and a method of operating a battery including such an electrode apparatus are also disclosed.
Inventors
- 👤 James A. R. Stiles
- 👤 Klaus Brandt
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 16:29
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01M; H01M10/00; H01M10/04; H01M10/0413; H01M10/0468; H01M10/42; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/10; Y02P; Y02P70/00; Y02P70/50; Y10; Y10T; Y10T29/00; Y10T29/49; Y10T29/49002; Y10T29/49108; Y10T29/49115
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 52
Claim 1
Independent Claim
111 words
A reversible battery cell comprising a cathode capable of providing a substantially uniform current density for said battery cell; an anode comprising a lithium metal substrate; a non-aqueous electrolyte; and means for substantially continuously applying a compressive load to said anode during both the charging and the discharging of said reversible battery cell under charging conditions of current density inhibiting the formation of dendrites, said compressive load being sufficient to inhibit the formation of a porous deposit of exterior, irregularly oriented, amalgamated grains when lithium metal is deposited on said lithium metal substrate of said anode and thereby to produce a substantially non-porous deposit structure providing enhanced reversibility for the anode.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
111 words
A reversible battery cell comprising a cathode capable of providing a substantially uniform current density for said battery cell; an anode comprising a lithium metal substrate; a non-aqueous electrolyte; and means for substantially continuously applying a compressive load to said anode during both the charging and the discharging of said reversible battery cell under charging conditions of current density inhibiting the formation of dendrites, said compressive load being sufficient to inhibit the formation of a porous deposit of exterior, irregularly oriented, amalgamated grains when lithium metal is deposited on said lithium metal substrate of said anode and thereby to produce a substantially non-porous deposit structure providing enhanced reversibility for the anode.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
33 words
A battery cell according to claim 1, wherein said means for substantially continuously applying said compressive load comprises means for applying a compressive load of at least about 50 psi to said anode.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
29 words
A battery cell according to claim 1, wherein said means for substantially continuously applying a compressive load applies a compressive load of from abut 50 to about 500 psi.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
15 words
A battery cell according to claim 1, wherein said anode consists essentially of lithium metal.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
26 words
A battery cell according to claim 4, wherein said lithium metal deposit comprises close-packed grains having columns with their axis aligned substantially perpendicular to said substrate.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
18 words
A battery cell according to claim 1 further comprising a separator disposed between the anode and the cathode.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
13 words
A battery cell according to claim 6, wherein the separator is microporous polypropylene.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
16 words
A battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the cathode is a transition metal chalcogenide cathode.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
18 words
A battery cell according to claim 8, wherein said cathode comprises MoS 2 as a cathode active material.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
19 words
A battery cell according to claim 8, wherein the cathode active material is MoO 2 surface-treated MoS 2 .
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
18 words
A battery cell according to claim 10, wherein the cathode active material is coated on a metallic foil.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
13 words
A battery cell according to claim 11, wherein the metallic foil is aluminum.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
23 words
A battery cell according to claim 9, wherein the cathode active material has been conditioned to "Phase II" Li x MoS 2 .
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
23 words
A battery cell according to claim 10, wherein the cathode active material has been conditioned to "Phase II" Li x MoS 2 .
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
14 words
A battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the electrolyte solvent comprises propylene carbonate.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
24 words
A battery cell according to claim 15, wherein the electrolyte solute is selected from the group consisting of LiAsF 6 and LiC10 4 .
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
37 words
A battery cell according to claim 6, wherein the cathode, anode and separator are substantially planar and wherein said means for substantially continuously applying a compressive load comprises means for sandwiching these elements between flat pressure plates.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
36 words
A battery cell according to claim 6, wherein said means for substantially continuously applying a compressive load to said anode comprises means for tightly winding said cathode, anode, and separator in the form of a spiral.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
122 words
A method of making a reversible battery cell for use in a battery, said method comprising the steps of: constructing an electrolytic cell having a cathode and capable of providing a uniform current density for said battery, an anode comprising a lithium metal substrate, and a non-aqueous electrolyte; and substantially continuously applying a compressive load to said anode during both the charging and discharging of said reversible battery cell under charging conditions of current density inhibiting the formation of dendrites sufficient to inhibit the formation of a porous deposit or exterior, irregularly oriented, amalgamated grains when lithium metal is deposited on said lithium metal substrate of said anode and thereby produce a substantially non-porous deposit structure providing enhanced reversibility for the anode.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
122 words
A method of making a reversible battery cell for use in a battery, said method comprising the steps of: constructing an electrolytic cell having a cathode and capable of providing a uniform current density for said battery, an anode comprising a lithium metal substrate, and a non-aqueous electrolyte; and substantially continuously applying a compressive load to said anode during both the charging and discharging of said reversible battery cell under charging conditions of current density inhibiting the formation of dendrites sufficient to inhibit the formation of a porous deposit or exterior, irregularly oriented, amalgamated grains when lithium metal is deposited on said lithium metal substrate of said anode and thereby produce a substantially non-porous deposit structure providing enhanced reversibility for the anode.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method according to claim 19, wherein said step of applying a compressive load to said anode comprises applying a compressive load of at least about 50 psi to said anode.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method according to claim 20, wherein said step of applying a compressive load comprises applying a compressive load of between about 50 to about 500 psi.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method according to claim 19, wherein said anode consists essentially of lithium metal, and wherein said current density is less than about 1.67 mA/cm 2 .
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
38 words
A method according to claim 22, wherein said lithium metal deposit comprises close-packed grains having columns with their axis aligned substantially perpendicular to said substrate, and wherein said current density is less than about 0.67 mA/cm 2 .
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method according to claim 19, including disposing a separator between the anode and cathode.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method according to claim 19, wherein the cathode is a transition metal chalcogenide cathode.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method according to claim 25, wherein said cathode comprises MoS 2 as a cathode active material.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method according to claim 26, wherein the cathode active material is MoO 2 surface-treated MoS 2 .
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method according to claim 24, wherein a cathode active material is coated on a metallic foil.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 28, wherein the metallic foil is aluminum.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method according to claim 26, wherein the cathode active material is conditioned to "Phase II" Li x MoS 2 .
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method according to claim 27, wherein the cathode active material is conditioned to "Phase II" Li x MoS 2 .
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
30 words
A method according to claim 24, wherein the cathode, anode and separator are substantially planar and wherein the compressive load is applied by sandwiching these elements between flat pressure plates.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method according to claim 24, wherein the cathode, anode, and separator are tightly wound in the form of a spiral.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
127 words
A reversible battery cell comprising a cathode capable of providing a substantially uniform current density for said battery cell, an anode consisting essentially of lithium metal, a non-aqueous electrolyte, and means for applying a compressive load to said anode, said means for applying a compressive load being effective to continuously maintain said compressive load at least during the recharging of said reversible battery cell at a level of at least about 50 psi, and under charging conditions of current density inhibiting the formation of dendrites, said compressive load being sufficient to inhibit the formation of a porous deposit of exterior, irregularly oriented, amalgamated grains when lithium metal is deposited on said anode and thereby to produce a substantially non-porous deposit structure providing enhanced reversibility for said anode.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
127 words
A reversible battery cell comprising a cathode capable of providing a substantially uniform current density for said battery cell, an anode consisting essentially of lithium metal, a non-aqueous electrolyte, and means for applying a compressive load to said anode, said means for applying a compressive load being effective to continuously maintain said compressive load at least during the recharging of said reversible battery cell at a level of at least about 50 psi, and under charging conditions of current density inhibiting the formation of dendrites, said compressive load being sufficient to inhibit the formation of a porous deposit of exterior, irregularly oriented, amalgamated grains when lithium metal is deposited on said anode and thereby to produce a substantially non-porous deposit structure providing enhanced reversibility for said anode.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
44 words
A reversible battery cell according to claim 34, wherein said means for applying said compressive load is effective to continuously maintain said compressive load at least during said recharging of said reversible battery cell at a level of between about 50 and 500 psi.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
26 words
A battery cell according to claim 34, wherein said lithium metal deposit comprises close-packed grains having columns with their axis aligned substantially perpendicular to said substrate.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
18 words
A battery cell according to claim 34, further comprising a separator disposed between said anode and said cathode.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
13 words
A battery cell according to claim 37, wherein said separator comprises microporous polypropylene.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
16 words
A battery cell according to claim 34, wherein said cathode comprises a transition metal chalcogenide cathode.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
18 words
A battery cell according to claim 39, wherein said cathode comprises MoS 2 as a cathode active material.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
19 words
A battery cell according to claim 39, wherein said cathode active material is MoO 2 surface-treated MoS 2 .
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
18 words
A battery cell according to claim 41, wherein said cathode active material is coated on a metallic foil.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
13 words
A battery cell according to claim 42, wherein said metallic foil comprises aluminum.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
23 words
A battery cell according to claim 40, wherein said cathode active material has been conditioned to "Phase II" Li x MoS 2 .
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
23 words
A battery cell according to claim 41, wherein said cathode active material has ben conditioned to "Phase II" Li x MoS 2 .
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
14 words
A battery cell according to claim 34, wherein said electrolyte solvent comprises propylene carbonate.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
24 words
A battery cell according to claim 46, wherein said electrolyte solute is selected from the group consisting of LiAsF 6 and LiC10 4 .
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
31 words
A battery cell according to claim 37, wherein said cathode, anode and separator are substantially planar and wherein said compressive load is applied by sandwiching these elements between flat pressure plates.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
22 words
A battery cell according to claim 37, wherein said cathode, anode and separator are tightly wound in the form of a spiral.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1995-05-19 | 1995-11-18 | 1996-05-19 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1999-05-19 | 1999-11-18 | 2000-05-19 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2003-05-19 | 2003-11-18 | 2004-05-19 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |