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US5080471A
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Electrochromic material and electro-optical device using same
Assignee: EIC Laboratories Inc
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Filing: 1990-04-06
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Granted: 1992-01-14
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Expires: 2010-04-06
Abstract
Abstract An oxidatively coloring electrochromic layer of composition M y CrO 2+x (0.33≦y≦2.0 and x≦2) where M=Li, Na or K with improved transmittance modulation, improved thermal and environmental stability, and improved resistance to degradation in organic liquid and polymeric electrolytes. The M y CrO 2+x provides complementary optical modulation to cathodically coloring materials in thin-film electrochromic glazings and electrochromic devices employing polymeric Li + ion conductors.
Inventors
- 👤 Stuart F. Cogan
- 👤 R. David Rauh
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 18:20
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09K; C09K9/00; G; G02; G02F; G02F1/00; G02F1/01; G02F1/15; G02F1/1514; G02F1/1523; G02F1/1524
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 12
Claim 1
Independent Claim
169 words
An electro-optical device comprising a first substrate, a first electronic contact disposed over said first substrate, a layer comprised of M y CrO 2+x where 0.33≦y≦2.0, x≦2, and M=Li, Na, or K, said M y CrO 2+x coloring on oxidation, a layer comprised of an electrochromic material, said electrochromic material coloring on reduction, a Li + ion conducting layer disposed between said M y CrO 2+x and said reductively coloring electrochromic layer, said M y CrO 2+x layer or said reductively coloring electrochromic layer being disposed on said first electronic contact a second electronic contact disposed over said previous layers wherein, one or both of said M y CrO 2+x and said reductively coloring electrochromic material are partially reduced by electro-active lithium, and whereby said electro-active lithium is distributed between said M y CrO 2+x and said reductively coloring electrochromic layer in a manner determined by the magnitude and polarity of a voltage applied between said electronic contacts, said electro-active lithium distribution determining the optical state of said device.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
169 words
An electro-optical device comprising a first substrate, a first electronic contact disposed over said first substrate, a layer comprised of M y CrO 2+x where 0.33≦y≦2.0, x≦2, and M=Li, Na, or K, said M y CrO 2+x coloring on oxidation, a layer comprised of an electrochromic material, said electrochromic material coloring on reduction, a Li + ion conducting layer disposed between said M y CrO 2+x and said reductively coloring electrochromic layer, said M y CrO 2+x layer or said reductively coloring electrochromic layer being disposed on said first electronic contact a second electronic contact disposed over said previous layers wherein, one or both of said M y CrO 2+x and said reductively coloring electrochromic material are partially reduced by electro-active lithium, and whereby said electro-active lithium is distributed between said M y CrO 2+x and said reductively coloring electrochromic layer in a manner determined by the magnitude and polarity of a voltage applied between said electronic contacts, said electro-active lithium distribution determining the optical state of said device.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
29 words
The electro-optical device of claim 1, wherein a second substrate is disposed over said second electronic contact, one or both of said first or second substrates being substantially transparent.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
The electro-optical device of claim 2, wherein said Li + ion conducting layer is a polymer.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
58 words
The electro-optical device of claim 3, wherein one or both of said M y CrO 2+x and reductively coloring electrochromic layers are coated with a solid Li + ion conducting layer, said solid Li + ion conducting layer being disposed between said M y CrO 2+x or reductively coloring electrochromic layer and said polymeric Li + conducting layer.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
33 words
The electro-optical device of claim 1, wherein said reductively coloring electrochromic material is amorphous or crystalline and chosen singly or as a mixture from the group tungsten oxide, molybdenum oxide, and potassium hexatungstate.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
27 words
The electro-optical device of claim 1, wherein said Li + conducting layer is selected from the group consisting of lithium based oxides and glassy lithium ion conductors.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
37 words
The electro-optical device of claim 3, wherein said polymeric Li + ion conductor is selected from the group polyethylene oxide, mixtures of polyvinylpyrrolidone with polyethylene glycol, and polyvinylpyrrolidone with N-methylpyrrolidone or γ-butyrolactone, all containing dissolved lithium salts.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
28 words
The electro-optical device of claim 1, wherein said electronic contacts are substantially transparent and selected from the group tin-doped indium oxide, antimony-doped tin oxide, or aluminum-doped zinc oxide.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electro-optical device of claim 1, wherein one of said electronic contacts is optically reflective.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electro-optical device of claim 9, wherein said optically reflective contact is selected from the group gold, silver, nickel, aluminum, or chromium.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
25 words
The electro-optical device of claim 6, wherein said Li + ion conductor is a mixture of Li 2 O and B 2 O 3 .
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1995-01-13 | 1995-07-15 | 1996-01-14 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1999-01-13 | 1999-07-15 | 2000-01-14 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2003-01-13 | 2003-07-15 | 2004-01-14 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |