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US5049469A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Toner image pressure transfer method and toner useful therefor

Assignee: Eastman Kodak Co
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Filing: 1989-12-27
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Granted: 1991-09-17
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Expires: 2009-12-27
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Abstract

Abstract Pressure-sensitive, heat-fusible, encapsulated toner particles are provided which have very uniform size and physical characteristics. A method for making the particles is provided wherein a latex copolymer functions as a stabilizer controlling particle size of the core composition of the toner particles. The latex copolymer becomes the shell composition thereof. The particles are particularly useful in a processe for transferring a toned image comprised of such particles from a photoconductor to a receiver.

Inventors

  • 👤 Zona R. Pierce
  • 👤 Louis J. Sorriero
  • 👤 Dinesh Tyagi

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-11-09 06:23
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J13/00; B01J13/02; B01J13/06; G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/087; G03G9/08702; G03G9/08726; G03G9/08728; G03G9/093; G03G9/09307; G03G9/09314; G03G9/09321; G03G9/0935; G03G9/09357; G03G9/09371

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 8
Claim 1
Independent Claim 165 words
A toner for electrophotographic copying comprising particles whose average diameters are in the range of about 2 to about 20 microns, said particles each having a core and a highly uniform enclosing shell; said core comprising a mixture of about 0 to about 20 weight percent of colorant, about 0.05 to about 5 weight percent of charge control agent, and about 80 to about 99.95 weight percent of thermoplastic polymer having a melting temperature in the range of about 40° to about 150° C., and a degree of crystallization in the range of about 5 to about 80%, and said shell comprising colloidal sized particles of a copolymer comprising about 25 to 80 weight percent of addition polymerizable nonionic oleophilic monomer; about 5 to about 45 weight percent of addition polymerizable nonionic hydrophilic monomer; about 1 to about 50 weight percent of addition polymerizable ionic monomer; and about 8 to about 20 weight percent of a crosslinking monomer having at least two addition polymerizable groups.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim 165 words
A toner for electrophotographic copying comprising particles whose average diameters are in the range of about 2 to about 20 microns, said particles each having a core and a highly uniform enclosing shell; said core comprising a mixture of about 0 to about 20 weight percent of colorant, about 0.05 to about 5 weight percent of charge control agent, and about 80 to about 99.95 weight percent of thermoplastic polymer having a melting temperature in the range of about 40° to about 150° C., and a degree of crystallization in the range of about 5 to about 80%, and said shell comprising colloidal sized particles of a copolymer comprising about 25 to 80 weight percent of addition polymerizable nonionic oleophilic monomer; about 5 to about 45 weight percent of addition polymerizable nonionic hydrophilic monomer; about 1 to about 50 weight percent of addition polymerizable ionic monomer; and about 8 to about 20 weight percent of a crosslinking monomer having at least two addition polymerizable groups.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 42 words
The toner of claim 1 wherein said core composition has an average diameter in the range of about 2 to about 20 microns, and said shell composition has an average radial thickness in the range of about 0.02 to about 0.15 microns.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 12 words
The toner of claim 2 wherein said thermoplastic polymer is a polyester.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 11 words
The toner of claim 1 wherein said colorant is a pigment.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 11 words
The toner of claim 4 wherein said pigment is carbon black.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 13 words
The toner of claim 1, wherein the said nonionic oleophilic monomer is styrene.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 26 words
The toner of claim 1, wherein said nonionic hydrophilic monomer is 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, said ionic monomer is methacrylic acid and said crosslinking monomer is ethylene dimethacrylate.

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1994-09-16 1995-03-18 1995-09-17 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 1998-09-16 1999-03-18 1999-09-17 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 2002-09-16 2003-03-18 2003-09-17 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

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