US4833060A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Polymeric powders having a predetermined and controlled size and size distribution
Assignee: Eastman Kodak Co
•
Filing: 1988-03-21
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Granted: 1989-05-23
•
Expires: 2008-03-21
Abstract
Abstract Toner and/or carrier particles are prepared by dissolving a polymer in a solvent which is immiscible with water forming a suspension of small droplets of the polymer and solvent in water containing a promoter and silica particles, removing the solvent from the droplets and separating the solidified particles from the water.
Inventors
- 👤 Mridula Nair
- 👤 Zona R. Pierce
- 👤 Chandra Sreekumar
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 11:50
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08J; C08J3/00; C08J3/12; C08J3/14; G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/0802; G03G9/0804; G03G9/10
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 16
Claim 1
Independent Claim
102 words
A method of making polymeric particles having a predetermined and controlled size and size distribution which comprises dissolving a polymer in a solvent therefor to form a solution said solvent being immiscible with water, forming a suspension of small droplets of said solution in water containing a promoter and silica particles having an average prticle size of from 0.001 μm to 1 μm by high shear agitation, said promoter being a water soluble compound that affects the hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance of the silica particles in the water suspension, removing the solvent from the droplets and separating the solidified polymer particles from the water.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
102 words
A method of making polymeric particles having a predetermined and controlled size and size distribution which comprises dissolving a polymer in a solvent therefor to form a solution said solvent being immiscible with water, forming a suspension of small droplets of said solution in water containing a promoter and silica particles having an average prticle size of from 0.001 μm to 1 μm by high shear agitation, said promoter being a water soluble compound that affects the hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance of the silica particles in the water suspension, removing the solvent from the droplets and separating the solidified polymer particles from the water.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the silica is removed from the surface of the resulting particles.
Claim 4
Independent Claim
105 words
A method of making electrostatographic toner or carrier particles having a predetermined and controlled size and size distribution which comprises dissolving a polymer in a solvent therefor to form a solution said solvent being immiscible with water, forming a suspension of small droplets of said solution in water containing a promoter and silica particles having an average particle size of from 0.001 μm to 1 μm by high shear agitation, said promoter being a water soluble compound that affects the hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance of the silica particles in the water suspension, removing the solvent from the droplets and separating the solidified polymer particles from the water.
Claim 5
Independent Claim
105 words
A method of making electrostatographic toner or carrier particles having a predetermined and controlled size and size distribution which comprises dissolving a polymer in a solvent therefor to form a solution said solvent being immiscible with water, forming a suspension of small droplets of said solution in water containing a promoter and silica particles having an average particle size of from 0.001 μm to 1 μm by high shear agitation, said promoter being a water soluble compound that affects the hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance of the silica particles in the water suspension, removing the solvent from the droplets and separating the solidified polymer particles from the water.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 3 wherein the silica is removed from the surface of the resulting particles.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 3 wherein the silica particles have an average particle size of from about 5 to about 35 nanometers.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 3 wherein the concentration of silica is from 0.5 to about 21 ml. per 100 grams of polymer and solvent.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 5 wherein the silica particles have an average particle size of from about 10-25 nonometers.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 6 wherein the concentration of silica is from 0.5 to 10 ml per 100 grams of polymer and solvent.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 3 wherein the pH during the suspension forming step is maintained at from 2 to about 7.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 9 wherein the pH during the suspension forming step is maintained at from 3 to 6.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 3 wherein the promoter is poly(adipic acid-co-methylaminoethanol).
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 3 wherein the droplets of polymer and solvent contain coloring agents.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 3 wherein the droplets of polymer and solvent contain magnetic particles.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 3 wherein the droplets of polymer and solvent contain charge control agents.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1992-05-22 | 1992-11-21 | 1993-05-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1996-05-22 | 1996-11-21 | 1997-05-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2000-05-22 | 2000-11-21 | 2001-05-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |