US4992335A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Composite material and method of making same
Assignee: Lockheed Martin Corp
•
Filing: 1986-06-18
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Granted: 1991-02-12
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Expires: 2006-06-18
Abstract
Abstract A protective material comprising a layer of vinylidene chloride or saran or polymer or copolymer of vinylidene chloride between two layers of polyethylene or other polyolefin to provide protection against both permeation and breakthrough. A cloth backing or inner layer can be added to this material for comfort. The material can be modified with a reinforcing material such as fiberglass or scrim cloth. Inclusion of an indicator substance between layers, or impregnated in a layer, provided further protection by warning the user of permeation and breakthrough. This material can be utilized in protection clothing such as gloves, as enclosures for instruments and equipment, as a container, and in other applications. The material is preferably formed by first surface oxidizing one or more layers of polyethylene and/or vinylidene chloride or saran or polymer or copolymer of vinylidene chloride, or removing halogen sites from a layer of vinylidene chloride or saran or polymer or copolymer of vinylidene chloride, and then pressing the layers of vinylidene chloride and polyethylene together under heat and pressure such as 330 degrees Fahrenheit at 400 PSI. The protective material can include one or more layers of polyolefin including an electrically conductive material, for electrostatic discharge protection.
Inventors
- 👤 Richard J. Guerra
- 👤 David C. Marshall
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 15:52
CPC Classifications
A; A41; A41D; A41D31/00; A41D31/04; A41D31/26; A41D31/265; A62; A62B; A62B17/00; A62D; A62D5/00; B; B32; B32B; B32B27/00; B32B27/06; B32B27/08; B32B27/12; B32B27/16; B32B27/30; B32B27/304; B32B27/32; B32B2262/00; B32B2262/10; B32B2262/101; B32B2310/00; B32B2310/04; B32B2310/0409; B32B2323/00; B32B2323/04; B32B2323/10; B32B2437/00; B32B2437/02; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/31504; Y10T428/31855; Y10T428/31909; Y10T428/31913; Y10T428/3192; Y10T428/31928; Y10T428/31935
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 45
Claim 1
Independent Claim
55 words
A laminate, comprising: a first material selected from the group consisting of vinylidene chloride homopolymers and copolymers, and any combination thereof; and a polyolefin laminated to a first surface of said first material, wherein said first material has been surface treated on at least said first surface with a solution comprising a permanganate and water.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
55 words
A laminate, comprising: a first material selected from the group consisting of vinylidene chloride homopolymers and copolymers, and any combination thereof; and a polyolefin laminated to a first surface of said first material, wherein said first material has been surface treated on at least said first surface with a solution comprising a permanganate and water.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
17 words
A laminate as recited in claim 1 wherein said polyolefin comprises a sheet of polyethylene or polypropylene.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
25 words
A laminate as recited in claim 1, further comprising: indicator means, included in said laminate, for indicating the presence of at least one predetermined substance.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
18 words
A laminate as recited in claim 1, further comprising means, included in said laminate, for reinforcing said laminate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
A laminate as recited in claim 1 wherein said permanganate comprises potassium permanganate.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
12 words
A laminate as recited in claim 1 wherein said solution is acidic.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
22 words
A laminate as recited in claim 1 wherein said polyolefin has been surface treated with a solution comprising a permanganate and water.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
19 words
A laminate as recited in claim 1, further comprising: a layer comprising a polyolefin and an electrically conductive material.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
17 words
A laminate as recited in claim 1, further comprising: an electrically conductive material included in said polyolefin.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
18 words
A laminate as recited in claim 1, further comprising: a layer comprising an electrically conductive sheet comprising polyolefin.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
17 words
A laminate as recited in claim 1 wherein said polyolefin comprises an electrically conductive sheet comprising polyolefin.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
19 words
A laminate as recited in claim 1 wherein said first surface comprises a major surface of said first material.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
19 words
A laminate as recited in claim 3 wherein said indicator means comprises an indicator layer laminated to said polyolefin.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
20 words
A laminate as recited in claim 3 wherein said indicator means comprises an indicator layer laminated to said first material.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
22 words
A laminate as recited in claim 4 wherein said means for reinforcing said laminate comprises a reinforcing layer laminated to said polyolefin.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
23 words
A laminate as recited in claim 4 wherein said means for reinforcing said laminate comprises a reinforcing layer laminated to said first material.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
19 words
A laminate as recited in claim 8 wherein said layer is disposed on an outer surface of said laminate.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
44 words
A laminate, comprising: a first material selected from the group consisting of vinylidene chloride homopolymers and copolymers, and any combination thereof; and a polyolefin laminated to a first surface of said first material, wherein said first surface of said first material has been oxidized.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
44 words
A laminate, comprising: a first material selected from the group consisting of vinylidene chloride homopolymers and copolymers, and any combination thereof; and a polyolefin laminated to a first surface of said first material, wherein said first surface of said first material has been oxidized.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
19 words
A laminate as recited in claim 18 wherein said first surface comprises a major surface of said first material.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
47 words
A laminate comprising: a first material selected from the group consisting of vinylidene chloride homopolymers and copolymers, and any combination thereof; and a polyolefin laminated to a first surface of said first material, wherein chlorine atoms have been removed from said first surface of said first material.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
47 words
A laminate comprising: a first material selected from the group consisting of vinylidene chloride homopolymers and copolymers, and any combination thereof; and a polyolefin laminated to a first surface of said first material, wherein chlorine atoms have been removed from said first surface of said first material.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
19 words
A laminate as recited in claim 20 wherein said first surface comprises a major surface of said first material.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
29 words
A laminate as recited in claim 1, 18 or 20, further comprising a second material comprising a polyolefin and an electrically conductive third material, laminated to said first material.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
18 words
A laminate as recited in claim 22 wherein said electrically conductive third material is mixed with said polyolefin.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
20 words
A laminate as recited in claim 22 wherein said second material is disposed on an outer surface of said laminate.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
59 words
A laminate, comprising: a first material selected from the group consisting of vinylidene chloride homopolymers and copolymers, and any combination thereof; and a polyolefin laminated to a first surface of said first material, wherein said first material has been surface treated on at least said first surface with a solution comprising a sodium aryl compound and an organic solvent.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
59 words
A laminate, comprising: a first material selected from the group consisting of vinylidene chloride homopolymers and copolymers, and any combination thereof; and a polyolefin laminated to a first surface of said first material, wherein said first material has been surface treated on at least said first surface with a solution comprising a sodium aryl compound and an organic solvent.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
17 words
A laminate as recited in claim 25 wherein said polyolefin comprises a sheet of polyethylene or polypropylene.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
25 words
A laminate as recited in claim 25, further comprising: indicator means, included in said laminate, for indicating the presence of at least one predetermined substance.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
18 words
A laminate as recited in claim 25, further comprising: means, included in said laminate, for reinforcing said laminate.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
23 words
A laminate as recited in claim 25, wherein: said sodium aryl compound comprises sodium naphthalene complex; and said organic solvent comprises glycol ether.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
17 words
A laminate as recited in claim 25, further comprising: an electrically conductive material included in said polyolefin.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
19 words
A laminate as recited in claim 25, further comprising: a layer comprising a polyolefin and an electrically conductive material.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
18 words
A laminate as recited in claim 25, further comprising: a layer comprising an electrically conductive sheet comprising polyolefin.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
19 words
A laminate as recited in claim 25 wherein said first surface comprises a major surface of said first material.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
19 words
A laminate as recited in claim 27 wherein said indicator means comprises an indicator layer laminated to said polyolefin.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
20 words
A laminate as recited in claim 27 wherein said indicator means comprises an indicator layer laminated to said first material.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
22 words
A laminate as recited in claim 28 wherein said means for reinforcing said laminate comprises a reinforcing layer laminated to said polyolefin.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
23 words
A laminate as recited in claim 28 wherein said means for reinforcing said laminate comprises a reinforcing layer laminated to said first material.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
19 words
A laminate as recited in claim 31 wherein said layer is disposed on an outer surface of said laminate.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
19 words
A laminate as recited in claim 10 wherein said layer is disposed on an outer surface of said laminate.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
19 words
A laminate as recited in claim 32 wherein said layer is disposed on an outer surface of said laminate.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
17 words
A laminate as recited in claim 25 wherein said polyolefin comprises an electrically conductive sheet comprising polyolefin.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1994-02-11 | 1994-08-13 | 1995-02-12 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1998-02-11 | 1998-08-13 | 1999-02-12 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2002-02-11 | 2002-08-13 | 2003-02-12 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |