US4987225A — Removal of water miscible materials from glycosid…

Claim 1

Independent Claim 99 words

A process for removing hydrophillic materials from a glycoside surfactant material which comprises: contacting the glycoside surfactant material, a hydrophobic water immiscible alcohol having from about 8 to about 30 carbon atoms, solvent for the glycoside surfactant material phase and water, the water being present in an amount at least sufficient to form a separate water containing phase and below about 50% by weight of the glycoside surfactant material and solvent, for a time sufficient to separate at least a portion of the hydrophillic material from the glycoside surfactant and separating the water containing phase from the solvent phase.

Claim 2

Dependent Claim 99 words

A process for removing hydrophillic materials from a glycoside surfactant material which comprises: contacting the glycoside surfactant material, a hydrophobic water immiscible alcohol having from about 8 to about 30 carbon atoms, solvent for the glycoside surfactant material phase and water, the water being present in an amount at least sufficient to form a separate water containing phase and below about 50% by weight of the glycoside surfactant material and solvent, for a time sufficient to separate at least a portion of the hydrophillic material from the glycoside surfactant and separating the water containing phase from the solvent phase.

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 25 words

The process of claim 1 wherein the solvent phase comprises at least one aliphatic monohydric alcohol having from about 10 to about 24 carbon atoms.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 64 words

A process of claim 1 wherein the solvent phase comprises, on a total composition weight basis and prior to contact with water, (a) from about 95 to about 50 weight percent of a long chain hydrophobic alcohol; (b) from about 4 to about 45 weight percent of the glycoside surfactant and (c) from about 1 to about 10 weight percent of a polysaccharide material.

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 103 words

The process of claim 1 wherein the glycoside surfactant material comprises at least one compound of the formula: RO (R.sup.1 O).sub.y (Z).sub.x (A) wherein R is a monovalent organic radical having from about 8 to about 30 carbon atoms; 0 is an oxygen atom; R 1 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 2 to about 4 carbon atoms; y is a number having an average value of from 0 to about 12; 2 is a moiety derived from a reducing saccharide containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms; and x is a number having an average value of from 1 to about 5.

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 23 words

The process of claim 4 wherein the solvent comprises at least one aliphatic alcohol containing from about 10 to about 24 carbon atoms.

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 43 words

The process of claim 4 wherein, in the formula (A), glycoside material, R is a monovalent aliphatic radical containing from about 10 to aboub 24 carbon atoms, y is zero and x has an average value of from about 1 to about 3.

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 28 words

The process of claim 1 wherein from about 1 to about 50 parts by weight of water is contacted with 100 parts by weight of the solvent phase.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 38 words

The process of claim 1 wherein the solvent phase initially contains, on a total solvent phase weight basis, from about 0.5 to about 8 weight percent of a polysaccharide by product material prior to the contacting with water.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 33 words

The process of claim 8 wherein the solvent phase contains, on a total solvent phase composition weight basis, less than 0.3 weight percent of the polysaccharide by product material after contacting with water.

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 24 words

The process of claim 1 wherein the process is conducted at a temperature in the range of from about 25° to about 120° C.

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 27 words

The process of claim 1 wherein the process is conducted by contacting a polysaccharide-containing solvent phase with the water for from about 0.1 to about 18 hours.

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 39 words

The process of claim 1 wherein the water immiscible solvent comprises the unreacted long chain hydrophobic alcohol and is removed from the glycoside surfactant product using a thin film evaporator operated at an elevated temperature and at subatmospheric pressure.

Claim 14

Dependent Claim 40 words

The process of claim 12 wherein the thin film evaporator is operated at a temperature in the range of from about 130° to about 300° C. and at a pressure of from about 0.1 to about 30 mm Hg (absolute).

Claim 15

Dependent Claim 25 words

The process of claim 13 wherein the long chain hydrophobic alcohol is a monohydric aliphatic alcohol containing from about 10 to about 24 carbon atoms.

Claim 16

Dependent Claim 168 words

A process for the preparation of a glycoside surfactant, which comprises: (a) reacting a long chain hydrophobic alcohol with a saccharide reactant at an elevated temperature, in the presence of an acid catalyst, to produce a hydrophobic reaction product mixture comprising unreacted long chain hydrophobic alcohol, glucoside surfactant and polysaccharide by-product; (b) treating the reaction product mixture by neutralizing the reaction product mixture and intimately contacting the neutralized reaction product mixture with water in an amount ranging from about 1 to about 50 parts by weight of water per 100 parts by weight of the reactive product mixture for a time period sufficient to extract at least a portion of the polysaccharide by-product out of the reaction product mixture and into said water, thereby forming a separate and distinct polysaccharide-containing aqueous phase and a purified hydrophobic reaction product phase; (c) separating the polysaccharide-containing aqueous phase from the purified hydrophobic reaction product phase; and (d) thereafter removing unreacted long chain hydrophobic alcohol from the purified hydrophobic reaction product phase.

Claim 17

Dependent Claim 168 words

A process for the preparation of a glycoside surfactant, which comprises: (a) reacting a long chain hydrophobic alcohol with a saccharide reactant at an elevated temperature, in the presence of an acid catalyst, to produce a hydrophobic reaction product mixture comprising unreacted long chain hydrophobic alcohol, glucoside surfactant and polysaccharide by-product; (b) treating the reaction product mixture by neutralizing the reaction product mixture and intimately contacting the neutralized reaction product mixture with water in an amount ranging from about 1 to about 50 parts by weight of water per 100 parts by weight of the reactive product mixture for a time period sufficient to extract at least a portion of the polysaccharide by-product out of the reaction product mixture and into said water, thereby forming a separate and distinct polysaccharide-containing aqueous phase and a purified hydrophobic reaction product phase; (c) separating the polysaccharide-containing aqueous phase from the purified hydrophobic reaction product phase; and (d) thereafter removing unreacted long chain hydrophobic alcohol from the purified hydrophobic reaction product phase.

Claim 18

Dependent Claim 25 words

The process of claim 15 wherein the long chain hydrophobic alcohol is a monohydric aliphatic alcohol containing from about 8 to about 30 carbon atoms.

Claim 19

Dependent Claim 19 words

The process of claim 16 wherein the saccharide reactant comprises a reducing monosaccharide containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms.

Claim 20

Dependent Claim 50 words

The process of claim 17, wherein the reaction between the saccharide reactant and the long chain hydrophobic alcohol to form the glycoside surfactant, is conducted at a temperature of from abut 80° to about 140° C. and at a pressure of from about 1 to about 100 mm Hg (absolute).

Claim 21

Dependent Claim 62 words

The process of claim 15 wherein the hydrophobic reaction product formed in step (a) comprises, on a total compostion weight basis, (a) from about 95 to about 50 weight percent of the long chain hydrophobic alcohol; (b) from about 4 to about 45 weight percent of the glycoside surfactant; and (c) from about 1 to about 10 weight percent the polysaccharide by-product.

Claim 22

Dependent Claim 21 words

The process of claim 15 wherein step (b) is conducted at a temperature of from about 25 to about 120° C.

Claim 23

Dependent Claim 20 words

The process of claim 15 wherein step (b) and the separation of step (c) are conducted in a countercurrent centrifuge.

Claim 24

Dependent Claim 33 words

The process of claim 15 wherein the hydrophobic reaction product mixture of step (a) contains, on a total composition weight basis, from about 1.5 to about 8 weight percent of the polysaccharide by-product.

Claim 25

Dependent Claim 42 words

The process of claim 22 wherein the hydrophobic reaction product mixture contains, on a total composition weight basis, less than 0.3 weight percent of the polysaccharide by-product following the contacting with water and following separation of the resulting polysaccharide-containing aqueous phase therefrom.

Claim 26

Dependent Claim 42 words

The process of claim 23 wherein, in the formula (A) glycoside surfactant, R is a monovalent organic radical containing from about 10 to about 24 carbon atoms, y is zero and x has an average value of from 1 to about 3.

Claim 27

Dependent Claim 98 words

The process of claim 15 wherein the glycoside surfactant produced corresponds to the formula: RO(R.sup.1 O).sub.y (Z).sub.x (A) wherein R is a monovalent organic radical containing from about 8 to about 30 carbon atoms; O is an oxygen atom; R 1 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 2 to about 4 carbon atoms; y is a number having an average value of from 0 to about 12; Z represents a moiety derived from a reducing saccharide containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms; and x is a number having an average value of from 1 to about 5.

Claim 28

Dependent Claim 172 words

A glycoside composition (a) which is composed predominantly of glycoside surfactant molecules of the formula: RO(R.sup.1 O).sub.y (Z).sub.x (A) wherein R is a hydrophobic aglycone substituent composed of a monovalent organic radical containing from about 8 to about 30 carbon atoms; 0 is an oxygen atom; R 1 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 2 to about 4 carbon atoms; y is a number having an average value of from 0 to about 12; Z represents a moiety derived from a reducing saccharide containing 5 to 6 carbon atoms; and x is a number having a value of from 1 to about 5; (b) which has an overall average x value of at least 1.2 and wherein, as an overall average value, the hydrophobic aglycone substituent, R, contains at least 9 carbon atoms; and (c) which contains, on a total glycoside surfactant weight basis, less than 0.5 weight percent of hydrophilic polysaccharide constituents and less than 5 weight percent of formula (A) polyglycoside species having individual x values greater than 10.

Claim 29

Dependent Claim 172 words

A glycoside composition (a) which is composed predominantly of glycoside surfactant molecules of the formula: RO(R.sup.1 O).sub.y (Z).sub.x (A) wherein R is a hydrophobic aglycone substituent composed of a monovalent organic radical containing from about 8 to about 30 carbon atoms; 0 is an oxygen atom; R 1 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 2 to about 4 carbon atoms; y is a number having an average value of from 0 to about 12; Z represents a moiety derived from a reducing saccharide containing 5 to 6 carbon atoms; and x is a number having a value of from 1 to about 5; (b) which has an overall average x value of at least 1.2 and wherein, as an overall average value, the hydrophobic aglycone substituent, R, contains at least 9 carbon atoms; and (c) which contains, on a total glycoside surfactant weight basis, less than 0.5 weight percent of hydrophilic polysaccharide constituents and less than 5 weight percent of formula (A) polyglycoside species having individual x values greater than 10.

Claim 30

Dependent Claim 21 words

The composition of claim 26 wherein the hydrophobic aglycone substituent, R, contains as an overall average at least 10 carbon atoms.

Claim 31

Dependent Claim 25 words

The composition of claim 26 wherein the composition contains less than 0.25 weight percent of hydrophilic polysaccharide constituents on a total glycoside surfactant weight basis.

Claim 32

Dependent Claim 28 words

The composition of claim 26 wherein the composition contains less than 2 weight percent of formula (A) polyglycoside surfactant species having individual x values of greater than 10.

Claim 33

Dependent Claim 30 words

The composition of claim 26 wherein the glycoside surfactant as specified in item (a) of claim 26 comprises at least about 90 percent of the total weight of the composition.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	1994-01-21	1994-07-23	1995-01-22	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	1998-01-21	1998-07-23	1999-01-22	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	2002-01-21	2002-07-23	2003-01-22	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Removal of water miscible materials from glycoside mixtures

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