US4975811A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method and apparatus for illumination of a liquid droplet fountain to produce rainbows
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1989-09-26
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Granted: 1990-12-04
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Expires: 2009-09-26
Abstract
Abstract A method and apparatus for producing primary rainbows and secondary rainbows in a curtain of liquid droplets in the air, whereby the rainbows are produced by refractive dispersion within the droplets themselves, and whereby the rainbows are visible from directly opposite sides of the curtain of droplets. The curtain of liquid droplets is produced by a water fountain. The device of the invention comprises a source of radially distributed light and a source of liquid droplets. The light source can be an array of lights configured so that the light rays appear to emanate from a common center. The light source may also be a collimated light source such as a searchlight which reflects light off a mirror-like conical surface or a combination of such sources. The light source may also be a single light source in a covered curved reflector.
Inventors
- 👤 Alistair B. Fraser
- 👤 Ripley Golovin
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 22:57
CPC Classifications
F; F21; F21S; F21S8/00; A; A63; A63J; A63J5/00; A63J5/02; A63J5/025; F21W; F21W2121/00; F21W2121/02; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S362/00; Y10S362/806
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 23
Claim 1
Independent Claim
94 words
A means for creating primary and secondary rainbows in a curtain of liquid droplets, whereby the rainbows are produced by refractive dispersion in the liquid droplets themselves and can be seen from both sides of the curtain of liquid droplets, comprising nozzle means for creating a curtain of liquid droplets, a liquid source means for supplying liquid under pressure to said nozzle means, and a light directing means for providing a radial pattern of light to illuminate said curtain of liquid droplets, said light directing means being positioned within said curtain of liquid droplets.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
94 words
A means for creating primary and secondary rainbows in a curtain of liquid droplets, whereby the rainbows are produced by refractive dispersion in the liquid droplets themselves and can be seen from both sides of the curtain of liquid droplets, comprising nozzle means for creating a curtain of liquid droplets, a liquid source means for supplying liquid under pressure to said nozzle means, and a light directing means for providing a radial pattern of light to illuminate said curtain of liquid droplets, said light directing means being positioned within said curtain of liquid droplets.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
48 words
A rainbow producing device as claimed in claim 1 where the directing means for the radial light pattern is a group of single light sources mounted in an arc so that the so that the light emanating from the directing means appears to emanate from a common center.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
27 words
A rainbow producing device as claimed in claim 1 where the directing means for the radial light pattern is a collimated light source and a conical reflector.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
37 words
A rainbow producing device as claimed in claim 1 where the directing means for the radial light pattern is a collimated light source and a conical reflector used in conjunction with one or more radially mounted lights.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
26 words
A rainbow producing device as claimed in claims 3 or 4 wherein the light path between the collimated light source and the conical reflector is covered.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
37 words
A rainbow producing device as claimed in claim 1 where the directing means for the radial light pattern is two collimated light sources and two conical reflectors having base portions mounted with the bases facing one another.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
37 words
A rainbow producing device as claimed in claim 1 where the directing means for the radial light pattern is two collimated light sources and two conical reflectors used in conjunction with one or more radially mounted lights.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
34 words
A rainbow producing device as claimed in claims 6 or 7 wherein the light path between at least one of the collimated light sources and at least one of the conical reflectors is covered.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
29 words
A rainbow producing device as claimed in claim 1 where the directing means for the radial light pattern is a single light source positioned within a covered concave reflector.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
115 words
A means for creating primary and secondary rainbows in a curtain of liquid droplets, whereby the rainbows are produced by refractive dispersion in the droplets themselves and can be seen from both sides of the curtain of droplets, comprising a light directing means for emitting a radial fan of light to illuminate the curtain of droplets, said light directing means being positioned substantially within the curtain of droplets and the emitted radial fan of light lying substantially within the plane of the curtain of droplets, nozzle means for creating a curtain of droplets which is illuminated by said radial light pattern, and a liquid source means for supplying liquid under pressure to said nozzle means.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
115 words
A means for creating primary and secondary rainbows in a curtain of liquid droplets, whereby the rainbows are produced by refractive dispersion in the droplets themselves and can be seen from both sides of the curtain of droplets, comprising a light directing means for emitting a radial fan of light to illuminate the curtain of droplets, said light directing means being positioned substantially within the curtain of droplets and the emitted radial fan of light lying substantially within the plane of the curtain of droplets, nozzle means for creating a curtain of droplets which is illuminated by said radial light pattern, and a liquid source means for supplying liquid under pressure to said nozzle means.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
45 words
A rainbow producing device as claimed in claim 10 where the directing means for the radial light pattern is a group of single light sources mounted in an arc so that the light emanating from said directing means appears to emanate from a common center.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
38 words
A rainbow producing device as claimed in claim 10 where the directing means for the radial light pattern are a collimated light source and a conical reflector used in conjunction with a one or more radially mounted lights.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
38 words
A rainbow producing device as claimed in claim 10 where the directing means for the radial light pattern is two collimated light sources and two conical reflectors used in conjunction with a one or more radially mounted lights.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
29 words
A rainbow producing device as claimed in claim 10 where the directing means for the radial light pattern is a single light source positioned in a covered concave reflector.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
94 words
A means for creating primary and secondary rainbows in a curtain of liquid droplets, whereby the rainbows are produced by refractive dispersion in the liquid droplets themselves and can be seen from both sides of the curtain of liquid droplets, comprising nozzle means for creating a curtain of liquid droplets, a liquid source means for supplying liquid under pressure to said nozzle means, and a light directing means for providing a radial pattern of light to illuminate said curtain of liquid droplets, said light directing being a collimated light source and a conical reflector.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
94 words
A means for creating primary and secondary rainbows in a curtain of liquid droplets, whereby the rainbows are produced by refractive dispersion in the liquid droplets themselves and can be seen from both sides of the curtain of liquid droplets, comprising nozzle means for creating a curtain of liquid droplets, a liquid source means for supplying liquid under pressure to said nozzle means, and a light directing means for providing a radial pattern of light to illuminate said curtain of liquid droplets, said light directing being a collimated light source and a conical reflector.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
44 words
A rainbow producing device as claimed in claim 15 further including a second collimated light source and a second conical reflector, said second reflector being positioned with respect to the first conical reflector so that the bases of the reflector cones face one another.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
114 words
A means for creating primary and secondary rainbows in a curtain of liquid droplets, whereby the rainbows are produced by refractive dispersion in the droplets themselves and can be seen from both sides of the curtains of liquid droplets, comprising nozzle means for creating a curtain of liquid droplets, a liquid source means for supplying liquid under pressure to said nozzle means, and a light directing means for providing a radial pattern of light to illuminate said curtain of liquid droplets, said light directing means being positioned with respect to said curtain of liquid droplets so that said radial pattern of light is substantially coplanar with the plane of said curtain of liquid droplets.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
114 words
A means for creating primary and secondary rainbows in a curtain of liquid droplets, whereby the rainbows are produced by refractive dispersion in the droplets themselves and can be seen from both sides of the curtains of liquid droplets, comprising nozzle means for creating a curtain of liquid droplets, a liquid source means for supplying liquid under pressure to said nozzle means, and a light directing means for providing a radial pattern of light to illuminate said curtain of liquid droplets, said light directing means being positioned with respect to said curtain of liquid droplets so that said radial pattern of light is substantially coplanar with the plane of said curtain of liquid droplets.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
112 words
A means for creating primary and secondary rainbows in a curtain of liquid droplets, whereby the rainbows are produced by refractive dispersion in the droplets themselves and can be seen from both sides of the curtain of liquid droplets, comprising nozzle means for creating a curtain of liquid droplets, a liquid source means for supplying liquid under pressure to said nozzle means, and a light directing means for providing a radial pattern of light to illuminate said curtain of liquid droplets, said light directing means being positioned near the region of said liquid droplet curtain so that said radial pattern of light is projected substantially vertically into said curtain of liquid droplets.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
112 words
A means for creating primary and secondary rainbows in a curtain of liquid droplets, whereby the rainbows are produced by refractive dispersion in the droplets themselves and can be seen from both sides of the curtain of liquid droplets, comprising nozzle means for creating a curtain of liquid droplets, a liquid source means for supplying liquid under pressure to said nozzle means, and a light directing means for providing a radial pattern of light to illuminate said curtain of liquid droplets, said light directing means being positioned near the region of said liquid droplet curtain so that said radial pattern of light is projected substantially vertically into said curtain of liquid droplets.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1993-12-03 | 1994-06-04 | 1994-12-04 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1997-12-03 | 1998-06-04 | 1998-12-04 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2001-12-03 | 2002-06-04 | 2002-12-04 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |