Patent US4973539A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4973539A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Toner and developer compositions with crosslinked liquid crystalline resins
Assignee: Xerox Corp
•
Filing: 1989-02-27
•
Granted: 1990-11-27
•
Expires: 2009-02-27
Abstract
Abstract A toner composition comprised of a crosslinked thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer, a branched liquid crystalline polymer, or mixtures thereof.
Inventors
- 👤 Guerino Sacripante
- 👤 T. Brian McAneney
- 👤 Stephan Drappel
- 👤 Sheau V. Kao
- 👤 Lupu Alexandru
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 06:53
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/087; G03G9/08742; G03G9/08755; C; C08; C08G; C08G63/00; C08G63/02; C08G63/12; C08G63/16; C08G63/20; G03G9/08784; G03G9/08791; G03G9/08795; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S430/00; Y10S430/001; Y10S430/105
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 33
Claim 1
Independent Claim
28 words
A toner composition comprised of a crosslinked thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer selected from the group consisting of polycarbonates, copolycarbonates, polyurethanes, polyesters and copolyesters, or mixtures thereof; and pigment.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
28 words
A toner composition comprised of a crosslinked thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer selected from the group consisting of polycarbonates, copolycarbonates, polyurethanes, polyesters and copolyesters, or mixtures thereof; and pigment.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
20 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer is a branched liquid crystalline polymer.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
83 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 2 wherein the polymer is a random liquid crystalline copolyester represented by the formula illustrated in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 wherein l, m, n, and o represent the number of monomer segments present; p represents the amount of crosslinking component present; x, y, and z are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkylene, and substituted alkylene; and wherein the sum of l, m, n, o, and p is equal to 100.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
75 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 3 wherein the polymer is a random liquid crystalline copolyester represented by the formula illustrated in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 wherein l, m, n, and o represent the number of monomer segments and are of a value of about 33 percent; p represents about 0.4 weight percent; and x, y, and z are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkylene, and substituted alkylene.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
24 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 3 wherein the polymer has a number average molecular weight of from about 9,500 to about 75,000.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
31 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 3 wherein the pigment particles are selected from the group consisting of carbon black, magnetites, and mixtures thereof; cyan, magenta, yellow, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
26 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 3 wherein the polymer is present in an amount of from about 50 to about 90 percent by weight.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
26 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 3 wherein pigment particles are present in an amount of from about 2 to about 20 percent by weight.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
13 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 3 containing a charge enhancing additive.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
33 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 9 wherein the charge enhancing additive is selected from the group consisting of alkyl pyridinium halides, organic sulfates, organic sulfonates, and distearyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
21 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 3 with a melting temperature of from about 60° C. to about 100° C.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
14 words
A developer composition comprised of the toner composition of claim 1, and carrier particles.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
14 words
A developer composition comprised of the toner composition of claim 2, and carrier particles.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
14 words
A developer composition comprised of the toner composition of claim 3, and carrier particles.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
22 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 14 wherein the carrier particles are comprised of a core of steel, iron, or ferrites.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
16 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 15 wherein the carrier particles include a polymeric coating.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
22 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 14 wherein the pigment particles for the toner are carbon black, magnetites, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
35 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 14 wherein the toner contains a charge enhancing additive selected from the group consisting of alkyl pyridinium halides, organic sulfates and sulfonates, and distearyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
17 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 18 wherein the charge enhancing additive is cetyl pyridinium chloride.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
45 words
A method for developing images which comprises the formation of an electrostatic latent image on a photoconductive member; developing the resulting image with the toner composition of claim 1; subsequently transferring the developed image to a suitable substrate; and thereafter permanently affixing the image thereto.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
45 words
A method for developing images which comprises the formation of an electrostatic latent image on a photoconductive member; developing the resulting image with the toner composition of claim 2; subsequently transferring the developed image to a suitable substrate; and thereafter permanently affixing the image thereto.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
45 words
A method for developing images which comprises the formation of an electrostatic latent image on a photoconductive member; developing the resulting image with the toner composition of claim 3; subsequently transferring the developed image to a suitable substrate; and thereafter permanently affixing the image thereto.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 21 wherein the developer composition maintains its electrical characteristics for one million copies.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
36 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 2 wherein the minimum fixing temperature thereof is from about 100° to about 140° C.; and the hot-offset temperature thereof is from about 130° C. to about 200° C.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
78 words
A toner composition comprised of a liquid crystalline polymer represented by the formula illustrated in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 wherein l, m, n, and o represent the number of monomer segments present; p represents the amount of crosslinking component present; x, y, and z are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkylene, and substituted alkylene; and wherein the sum of l, m, n, o, and p is equal to 100; and pigment particles.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
78 words
A toner composition comprised of a liquid crystalline polymer represented by the formula illustrated in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 wherein l, m, n, and o represent the number of monomer segments present; p represents the amount of crosslinking component present; x, y, and z are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkylene, and substituted alkylene; and wherein the sum of l, m, n, o, and p is equal to 100; and pigment particles.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
71 words
A toner composition comprised of a liquid thermotropic crystalline polymer represented by the formula illustrated in FIG. 1 or FIGS. 2 wherein l, m, n, and o represent the number of monomer segments and are of a value of about 33 percent; p represents about 0.4 weight percent; and x, y, and z are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkylene, and substituted alkylene; and a pigment.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
71 words
A toner composition comprised of a liquid thermotropic crystalline polymer represented by the formula illustrated in FIG. 1 or FIGS. 2 wherein l, m, n, and o represent the number of monomer segments and are of a value of about 33 percent; p represents about 0.4 weight percent; and x, y, and z are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkylene, and substituted alkylene; and a pigment.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
24 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 25 wherein the pigment is selected from the group consisting of carbon black, magnetites, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
24 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 25 wherein the pigment is selected from the group consisting of cyan, magenta, yellow and mixtures thereof.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
24 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 26 wherein the pigment is selected from the group consisting of carbon black, magnetites, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
24 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 26 wherein the pigment is selected from the group consisting of cyan, magenta, yellow and mixtures thereof.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3272644A
Cited
US3590000A
Cited
US3941898A
Cited
US4293627A
Cited
US4388453A
Cited
US4394498A
Cited
US4588668A
Cited
US4543313A
Cited
US4702945A
Cited
US4713196A
Cited
US4560635A
Cited
US4654412A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1993-11-26 | 1994-05-28 | 1994-11-27 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1997-11-26 | 1998-05-28 | 1998-11-27 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2001-11-26 | 2002-05-28 | 2002-11-27 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |