US4973303A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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pH buffered electrode for medical iontophoresis
Assignee: DJO LLC
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Filing: 1989-09-05
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Granted: 1990-11-27
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Expires: 2009-09-05
Abstract
Abstract A pH buffered electrode for receiving electrical energy and producing an electric field. The pH buffered electrode includes a first conductive layer and a pH buffer layer adjacent the first conductive layer. The pH buffer layer includes a pH buffer covalently coupled to an immobilizing material such as resin beads or polymers. The immobilizing material renders the pH buffer immobile in the presence of an electric field and allows H + and OH - ions to be scavenged.
Inventors
- 👤 Michael T. V. Johnson
- 👤 Nina H. Lee
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 09:09
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61N; A61N1/00; A61N1/02; A61N1/04; A61N1/0404; A61N1/0408; A61N1/0428; A61N1/0432; A61N1/0436; A61N1/0448
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 40
Claim 1
Independent Claim
67 words
A pH buffered electrode for receiving electrical energy and producing an electric field, comprising: a first conductive layer; a pH buffer layer adjacent the first conductive layer and including: a pH buffer; and an immobilizing material for immobilizing the buffer in the presence of the electric field; and a second conductive layer adjacent the pH buffer layer and opposite the buffer layer from the first conductive layer.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
67 words
A pH buffered electrode for receiving electrical energy and producing an electric field, comprising: a first conductive layer; a pH buffer layer adjacent the first conductive layer and including: a pH buffer; and an immobilizing material for immobilizing the buffer in the presence of the electric field; and a second conductive layer adjacent the pH buffer layer and opposite the buffer layer from the first conductive layer.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 1, wherein the first conductive layer includes metal.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 1, wherein the first conductive layer includes carbon rubber.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
16 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 1, wherein the first conductive layer includes conductive polymer material.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
27 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 1, wherein the second conductive layer is a medicament reservoir containing an aqueous medicament solution of medicament ions and complementary ions.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
16 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 1, wherein the second conductive layer includes conductive polymer material.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
20 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 1, wherein the second conductive layer includes a porous material containing an electrolyte solution.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
30 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 1, and further comprising: an electrode covering positioned over the first conductive layer of the electrode and providing structural support and adherence to skin.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
17 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 8, wherein the electrode covering is an electrically nonconductive, adhesive material.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
25 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 1, and further comprising: a terminal for coupling with an electrical power source fastened to the first conductive layer.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
15 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 1, wherein the immobilizing material includes a resin bead.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
19 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 11, wherein the immobilized buffer is an acid coupled to the resin bead.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
19 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 11, wherein the immobilized buffer is a base coupled to the resin bead.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
17 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 11 and including COO - groups coupled to the resin bead.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
18 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 11 and including NH 3 + groups coupled to the resin bead.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
14 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 1, wherein the immobilizing material is a polymer.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
18 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 16, wherein the immobilized buffer is a acid coupled to the polymer.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
18 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 16, wherein the immobilized buffer is a base coupled to the polymer.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
16 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 16, and including COO - groups coupled to the polymer.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
17 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 16, and including NH 3 - groups coupled to the polymer.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
71 words
A pH buffered electrode for medical iontophoresis, for receiving electrical energy and producing an electric field, comprising: a first conductive layer; a second conductive layer containing an aqueous medicament solution of medicament ions and complementary ions; and a pH buffer layer between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer and including: a pH buffer; and an immobilizing material for immobilizing the buffer in the presence of the electric field.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
71 words
A pH buffered electrode for medical iontophoresis, for receiving electrical energy and producing an electric field, comprising: a first conductive layer; a second conductive layer containing an aqueous medicament solution of medicament ions and complementary ions; and a pH buffer layer between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer and including: a pH buffer; and an immobilizing material for immobilizing the buffer in the presence of the electric field.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
14 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 21, wherein the first conductive layer includes metal.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
15 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 21, wherein the first conductive layer includes carbon rubber.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
16 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 21, wherein the first conductive layer includes conductive polymer material.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
25 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 22, and further comprising: a terminal for coupling with an electrical power source fastened to the first conductive layer.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
15 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 21, wherein the immobilizing material is a resin bead.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
19 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 26, wherein the immobilized buffer is an acid coupled to the resin bead.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
19 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 26, wherein the immobilized buffer is a base coupled to the resin bead.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
17 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 26 and including COO - groups coupled to the resin bead.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
18 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 26 and including NH 3 + groups coupled to the resin bead.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
14 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 21, wherein the immobilizing material is a polymer.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
18 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 31, wherein the immobilized buffer is a acid coupled to the polymer.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
18 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 31, wherein the immobilized buffer is a base coupled to the polymer.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
16 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 31, and including COO - groups coupled to the polymer.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
17 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 31, and including NH 3 + groups coupled to the polymer.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
30 words
The pH buffered electrode of claim 21 and further including an electrically nonconductive adhesive covering extending over one or more of the layers to provide structural support and skin adhesion.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
57 words
A pH buffered electrode for receiving electrical energy and producing an electric field, comprising: a first conductive layer; a second conductive layer; and a pH buffer layer between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer, and including: a pH buffer; and an immobilizing material for immobilizing the buffer in the presence of the electric field.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
57 words
A pH buffered electrode for receiving electrical energy and producing an electric field, comprising: a first conductive layer; a second conductive layer; and a pH buffer layer between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer, and including: a pH buffer; and an immobilizing material for immobilizing the buffer in the presence of the electric field.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1993-11-26 | 1994-05-28 | 1994-11-27 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1997-11-26 | 1998-05-28 | 1998-11-27 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2001-11-26 | 2002-05-28 | 2002-11-27 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |