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US4925545A
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US
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Method of generating pH functions in electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing
Assignee: AMEST Inc A CORP OF
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Filing: 1989-01-31
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Granted: 1990-05-15
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Expires: 2009-01-31
Abstract
Abstract The present invention provides an improved method for forming pH gradients or other pH functions for use in electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing. It also involves electrophoresis and IEF devices created by such methods, and improved reagents suitable for generating such devices. The method involves (1) chemically affixing or "anchoring," in a concentration gradient or other varying function, selected molecules which form acidic complexes when contacted by certain acidic compounds, and (2) contacting the anchored molecules with a fluid containing a suitable acidic compound. One example of a paired combination of anchored molecules and acid comprises (a) anchored molecules with polyhydroxyl groups and (b) boric acid, borax, and/or other borate constituents. The borate will form acidic complexes with the anchored polyhydroxyl groups, generating pH's which will vary within the device depending on (1) the concentration and type of polyhydroxyl groups that are anchored in the device and (2) the composition and pH of the borate buffer.
Inventors
- 👤 Andrew Murel
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 05:05
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N27/00; G01N27/26; G01N27/416; G01N27/447; G01N27/44756; G01N27/44795; B; B01; B01D; B01D57/00; B01D57/02; C; C07; C07K; C07K1/00; C07K1/14; C07K1/24; C07K1/26; C07K1/28; G01N27/44704; G01N27/44747
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 46
Claim 1
Independent Claim
58 words
A method of generating a pH function for use in electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing, comprising contacting a permeable medium with a selected acidic compound, wherein: (a) the permeable medium comprises anchored molecules which form molecular complexes with the selected acidic compound, and (b) the anchored molecules are present in different concentrations in different zones within the permeable medium.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
58 words
A method of generating a pH function for use in electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing, comprising contacting a permeable medium with a selected acidic compound, wherein: (a) the permeable medium comprises anchored molecules which form molecular complexes with the selected acidic compound, and (b) the anchored molecules are present in different concentrations in different zones within the permeable medium.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method of claim 1 wherein the anchored molecules contain polyhydroxyl groups.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method of claim 1 wherein the acidic compound is selected from the group consisting of boric acid, borate salt, and borax.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method of claim 2 wherein the acidic compound is selected from the group consisting of boric acid, borate salt, and borax.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
61 words
A method of generating a pH function in a permeable medium, comprising the following steps: (a) creating a permeable medium containing selected anchored molecules that are present in different concentrations in different zones within the permeable medium; and (b) contacting the permeable medium with a selected acidic compound which generates a pH function by forming acidic complexes with the anchored molecules.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
61 words
A method of generating a pH function in a permeable medium, comprising the following steps: (a) creating a permeable medium containing selected anchored molecules that are present in different concentrations in different zones within the permeable medium; and (b) contacting the permeable medium with a selected acidic compound which generates a pH function by forming acidic complexes with the anchored molecules.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method of claim 5 wherein the anchored molecules contain polyhydroxyl groups.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method of claim 5 wherein the acidic compound is selected from the group consisting of boric acid, borate salt, and borax.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method of claim 6 wherein the acidic compound is selected from the group consisting of boric acid, borate salt, and borax.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
73 words
A method of generating a pH function for use in electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing, comprising contacting a convection-stabilized permeable medium with a selected acidic compound, wherein: (a) the permeable medium comprises two or more types of anchored polyhydroxyl compounds; (b) at least one of the anchored polyhydroxyl compounds is present in different concentrations in different zones within the permeable medium; and (c) the acidic compound forms acidic complexes with the anchored polyhydroxyl compounds.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
73 words
A method of generating a pH function for use in electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing, comprising contacting a convection-stabilized permeable medium with a selected acidic compound, wherein: (a) the permeable medium comprises two or more types of anchored polyhydroxyl compounds; (b) at least one of the anchored polyhydroxyl compounds is present in different concentrations in different zones within the permeable medium; and (c) the acidic compound forms acidic complexes with the anchored polyhydroxyl compounds.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method of claim 9 wherein the acidic compound is selected from the group consisting of boric acid, borate salt, and borax.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
65 words
A method of conducting electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing, comprising the step of contacting a mixture to be separated with a separation device comprising: (a) anchored molecules which form molecular complexes with a selected acidic compound, wherein the anchored molecules are present in different concentrations in different zones within the permeable medium; and (b) an acidic compound which forms acidic molecular complexes with the anchored molecules.
Claim 15
Independent Claim
65 words
A method of conducting electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing, comprising the step of contacting a mixture to be separated with a separation device comprising: (a) anchored molecules which form molecular complexes with a selected acidic compound, wherein the anchored molecules are present in different concentrations in different zones within the permeable medium; and (b) an acidic compound which forms acidic molecular complexes with the anchored molecules.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method of claim 11 wherein the anchored molecules contain polyhydroxyl groups.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method of claim 11 wherein the acidic compound is selected from the group consisting of boric acid, borate salt, and borax.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method of claim 12 wherein the acidic compound is selected from the group consisting of boric acid, borate salt, and borax.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
62 words
A method of creating a separation medium useful for generating an electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing device having a pH function, comprising the step of anchoring, within or on a substrate, selected molecules having polyhydroxyl groups that are capable of forming acidic complexes with borate compounds, wherein the anchored molecules are present in different concentrations in different zones within or on the substrate.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
62 words
A method of creating a separation medium useful for generating an electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing device having a pH function, comprising the step of anchoring, within or on a substrate, selected molecules having polyhydroxyl groups that are capable of forming acidic complexes with borate compounds, wherein the anchored molecules are present in different concentrations in different zones within or on the substrate.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
60 words
A method of creating a separation medium useful for generating an electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing device having a pH function, comprising the step of anchoring, within a permeable medium, selected molecules having polyhydroxyl groups that are capable of forming acidic complexes with borate compounds, wherein the anchored molecules are present in different concentrations in different zones within the permeable medium.
Claim 22
Independent Claim
60 words
A method of creating a separation medium useful for generating an electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing device having a pH function, comprising the step of anchoring, within a permeable medium, selected molecules having polyhydroxyl groups that are capable of forming acidic complexes with borate compounds, wherein the anchored molecules are present in different concentrations in different zones within the permeable medium.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
49 words
A separation medium useful for generating an electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing device having a pH function, comprising molecules having polyhydroxyl groups capable of forming acidic complexes with borate compounds, wherein the molecules have been anchored to a substrate in different concentrations in different zones within or on the substrate.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
49 words
A separation medium useful for generating an electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing device having a pH function, comprising molecules having polyhydroxyl groups capable of forming acidic complexes with borate compounds, wherein the molecules have been anchored to a substrate in different concentrations in different zones within or on the substrate.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
60 words
A separation medium useful for electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing, comprising: (a) molecules having polyhydroxyl groups capable of forming acidic complexes with borate compounds, wherein the molecules have been anchored to a substrate in different concentrations in different zones within or on the substrate; and, (b) one or more borate compounds which form acidic complexes with the molecules of part (a).
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
60 words
A separation medium useful for electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing, comprising: (a) molecules having polyhydroxyl groups capable of forming acidic complexes with borate compounds, wherein the molecules have been anchored to a substrate in different concentrations in different zones within or on the substrate; and, (b) one or more borate compounds which form acidic complexes with the molecules of part (a).
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
59 words
A separation medium useful for generating an electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing device having a pH function, comprising polyhydroxyl compounds which have been anchored on or within a substrate in different concentrations in different zones on or within the substrate, wherein the polyhydroxyl compounds have been selected for their capability of forming acidic complexes with one or more borate compounds.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
59 words
A separation medium useful for generating an electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing device having a pH function, comprising polyhydroxyl compounds which have been anchored on or within a substrate in different concentrations in different zones on or within the substrate, wherein the polyhydroxyl compounds have been selected for their capability of forming acidic complexes with one or more borate compounds.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
73 words
A separation medium useful for electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing, comprising: (a) one or more polyhydroxyl compounds which have been anchored on or within a substrate in different concentrations in different zones on or within the substrate, wherein the polyhydroxyl compounds have been selected for their capability of forming acidic complexes with one or more borate compounds; and, (b) one or more borate compounds which form acidic complexes with the molecules of part (a).
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
73 words
A separation medium useful for electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing, comprising: (a) one or more polyhydroxyl compounds which have been anchored on or within a substrate in different concentrations in different zones on or within the substrate, wherein the polyhydroxyl compounds have been selected for their capability of forming acidic complexes with one or more borate compounds; and, (b) one or more borate compounds which form acidic complexes with the molecules of part (a).
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
60 words
A separation medium useful for generating an electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing device having a pH function, comprising polyhydroxyl compounds which have been anchored on or within a substrate in different concentrations in different zones on or within the substrate, wherein the polyhydroxyl compounds are selected and used for the purpose of forming acidic complexes with one or more borate compounds.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
60 words
A separation medium useful for generating an electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing device having a pH function, comprising polyhydroxyl compounds which have been anchored on or within a substrate in different concentrations in different zones on or within the substrate, wherein the polyhydroxyl compounds are selected and used for the purpose of forming acidic complexes with one or more borate compounds.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
71 words
A separation medium useful for electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing, comprising: (a) polyhydroxyl compounds which have been anchored on or within a substrate in different concentrations in different zones on or within the substrate, wherein the polyhydroxyl compounds are selected and used for the purpose of forming acidic complexes with one or more borate compounds; and, (b) one or more borate compounds which form acidic complexes with the molecules of part (a).
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
71 words
A separation medium useful for electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing, comprising: (a) polyhydroxyl compounds which have been anchored on or within a substrate in different concentrations in different zones on or within the substrate, wherein the polyhydroxyl compounds are selected and used for the purpose of forming acidic complexes with one or more borate compounds; and, (b) one or more borate compounds which form acidic complexes with the molecules of part (a).
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
51 words
A separation medium useful for generating an electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing device having a pH function, comprising molecules having polyhydroxyl groups capable of forming acidic complexes with borate compounds, wherein the molecules have been anchored to a permeable medium in different concentrations in different zones within or on the permeable medium.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
51 words
A separation medium useful for generating an electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing device having a pH function, comprising molecules having polyhydroxyl groups capable of forming acidic complexes with borate compounds, wherein the molecules have been anchored to a permeable medium in different concentrations in different zones within or on the permeable medium.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
62 words
A separation medium useful for electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing, comprising: (a) molecules having polyhydroxyl groups capable of forming acidic complexes with borate compounds, wherein the molecules have been anchored to a permeable medium in different concentrations in different zones within or on the permeable medium; and, (b) one or more borate compounds which form acidic complexes with the molecules of part (a).
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
62 words
A separation medium useful for electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing, comprising: (a) molecules having polyhydroxyl groups capable of forming acidic complexes with borate compounds, wherein the molecules have been anchored to a permeable medium in different concentrations in different zones within or on the permeable medium; and, (b) one or more borate compounds which form acidic complexes with the molecules of part (a).
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
61 words
A separation medium useful for generating an electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing device having a pH function, comprising polyhydroxyl compounds which have been anchored on or within a permeable medium in different concentrations in different zones on or within the permeable medium, wherein the polyhydroxyl compounds have been selected for their capability of forming acidic complexes with one or more borate compounds.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
61 words
A separation medium useful for generating an electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing device having a pH function, comprising polyhydroxyl compounds which have been anchored on or within a permeable medium in different concentrations in different zones on or within the permeable medium, wherein the polyhydroxyl compounds have been selected for their capability of forming acidic complexes with one or more borate compounds.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
75 words
A separation medium useful for electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing, comprising: (a) one or more polyhydroxyl compounds which have been anchored on or within a permeable medium in different concentrations in different zones on or within the permeable medium, wherein the polyhydroxyl compounds have been selected for their capability of forming acidic complexes with one or more borate compounds; and, (b) one or more borate compounds which form acidic complexes with the molecules of part (a).
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
75 words
A separation medium useful for electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing, comprising: (a) one or more polyhydroxyl compounds which have been anchored on or within a permeable medium in different concentrations in different zones on or within the permeable medium, wherein the polyhydroxyl compounds have been selected for their capability of forming acidic complexes with one or more borate compounds; and, (b) one or more borate compounds which form acidic complexes with the molecules of part (a).
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
62 words
A separation medium useful for generating an electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing device having a pH function, comprising polyhydroxyl compounds which have been anchored on or within a permeable medium in different concentrations in different zones on or within the permeable medium, wherein the polyhydroxyl compounds are selected and used for the purpose of forming acidic complexes with one or more borate compounds.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
62 words
A separation medium useful for generating an electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing device having a pH function, comprising polyhydroxyl compounds which have been anchored on or within a permeable medium in different concentrations in different zones on or within the permeable medium, wherein the polyhydroxyl compounds are selected and used for the purpose of forming acidic complexes with one or more borate compounds.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
73 words
A separation medium useful for electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing, comprising: (a) polyhydroxyl compounds which have been anchored on or within a permeable medium in different concentrations in different zones on or within the permeable medium, wherein the polyhydroxyl compounds are selected and used for the purpose of forming acidic complexes with one or more borate compounds; and, (b) one or more borate compounds which form acidic complexes with the molecules of part (a).
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
73 words
A separation medium useful for electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing, comprising: (a) polyhydroxyl compounds which have been anchored on or within a permeable medium in different concentrations in different zones on or within the permeable medium, wherein the polyhydroxyl compounds are selected and used for the purpose of forming acidic complexes with one or more borate compounds; and, (b) one or more borate compounds which form acidic complexes with the molecules of part (a).
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1993-05-14 | 1993-11-13 | 1994-05-15 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1997-05-14 | 1997-11-13 | 1998-05-15 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2001-05-14 | 2001-11-13 | 2002-05-15 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |