US4888799A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Scrambling of signals by inversion
Assignee: Scientific Atlanta LLC
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Filing: 1986-01-03
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Granted: 1989-12-19
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Expires: 2006-01-03
Abstract
Abstract The present invention is directed to an inversion scrambler and unscrambler having pseudo-randomly controlled polarity-reversing switches to invert and re-invert, respectively, an audio signal so as to restrict the intelligent dissemination of the audio signal. To improve security of the scrambled signal, the audio signal is concealed prior to scrambling. Concealment includes clamping the original audio signal to a predetermined value and optionally offsetting this clamped signal prior to scrambling. The concealed signal is scrambled by inverting contiguous portions of the signal at pseudo-random intervals, accomplished by a polarity-reversing switching network controlled by a pseudo-random code generator. Upon unscrambling, artifacts will appear at the inversion points of the unscrambling signal, due to bandwidth limitations inherent in any transmission path. To mask the artifacts, track-and-hold circuitry is used to sample the unscrambled audio signal waveform level just prior to the artifact and hold this level throughout the short period when the artifact would occur.
Inventors
- 👤 Joseph G. Mobley
- 👤 Anatoly Kozushin
- 👤 Saeed Baher
- 👤 Steve Addison
- 👤 Howard Paulk
- 👤 James Farmer
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-02 20:01
CPC Classifications
H; H04; H04K; H04K1/00; H04K1/006
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 11
Claim 1
Independent Claim
50 words
A method of scrambling a received audio signal, said method comprising the steps of: obtaining a derived signal from said received audio signal, combining said derived signal with said received audio signal to produce a combined audio signal; and inverting at least one selected portion of said combined audio signal.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
50 words
A method of scrambling a received audio signal, said method comprising the steps of: obtaining a derived signal from said received audio signal, combining said derived signal with said received audio signal to produce a combined audio signal; and inverting at least one selected portion of said combined audio signal.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
49 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the step of obtaining a derived signal comprises the steps of: detecting an envelope corresponding to the envelope of said received audio signal; and adjusting the detected envelope so that the peaks of the detected envelope are substantially equal to a predetermined level.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 2 wherein the step of adjusting comprises the step of adjusting the positive or negative peaks of the detected envelope to the predetermined level.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of adding a masking signal of a predetermined value to the combined audio signal before inverting the selected portion.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 4 wherein the masking signal has a constant value.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said step of inverting at least one selected portion comprises the steps of: pseudo-randomly selecting two instants of time separated by a time interval; and inverting audio said combined signal during the time interval.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said step of inverting a selected portion comprises pseudo-randomly inverting the said combined audio signal according to a predetermined key.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
71 words
A scrambler for selectively inverting an audio signal comprising: receiving means for receiving said audio signal; concealing means responsive to said receiving means for concealing said audio signal prior to said signal being selectively inverted; and means for selectively inverting said concealed audio signal; wherein said concealing means comprises: means for obtaining a derived signal from said received audio signal and for combining said derived signal with said received audio signal.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
71 words
A scrambler for selectively inverting an audio signal comprising: receiving means for receiving said audio signal; concealing means responsive to said receiving means for concealing said audio signal prior to said signal being selectively inverted; and means for selectively inverting said concealed audio signal; wherein said concealing means comprises: means for obtaining a derived signal from said received audio signal and for combining said derived signal with said received audio signal.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
49 words
The scrambler of claim 8 wherein said means for obtaining a derived signal comprises: means for detecting an envelope corresponding to the envelope of the received audio signal; and means for offsetting the detected envelope so that peaks of the envelope are substantially equal to a predetermined reference level.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1992-12-18 | 1993-06-19 | 1993-12-19 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1996-12-18 | 1997-06-19 | 1997-12-19 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2000-12-18 | 2001-06-19 | 2001-12-19 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |