US4874450A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Laminating transparent or translucent materials using ionic dye-counter ion complexes
Assignee: WestRock MWV LLC
•
Filing: 1988-07-11
•
Granted: 1989-10-17
•
Expires: 2008-07-11
Abstract
Abstract A process for laminating two or more transparent or translucent substrates or one transparent and one opaque substrate together which comprises the steps of: coating a photohardenable composition on one surface of a first translucent substrate, said photohardenable composition comprising a free radical addition polymerizable or crosslinkable compound and a dye-counter ion complex, said complex being capable of absorbing actinic radiation and producing free radicals which initiate free radical polymerization or crosslinking of said compound, and preferably being photobleachable, applying a second translucent substrate to said photohardenable composition such that said photohardenable composition is interposed between said first translucent substrate and said second translucent substrate, and exposing said substrates to actinic radiation.
Inventors
- 👤 Peter Gottschalk
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 00:52
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03F; G03F7/00; G03F7/0012; B; B32; B32B; B32B17/00; B32B17/06; B32B17/10; B32B17/10005; B32B17/10165; B32B17/10339; B32B17/1055; B32B17/10706; B32B37/00; B32B37/12; C; C09; C09B; C09B17/00; C09B21/00; C09B23/00; C09B23/02; C09B23/04; C09B23/06; C09B23/08; C09B23/083; C09B23/086; C09B69/00; C09B69/02; C09B69/06; B32B2037/1253; B32B2310/00; B32B2310/08; B32B2310/0806; B32B2310/0837; B32B2315/00; B32B2315/08; B32B2367/00; B32B2369/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 26
Claim 1
Independent Claim
118 words
A process for laminating a transparent or translucent substrate which comprises the steps of: coating a photohardenable composition on one surface of a first substrate, said photohardenable composition comprising a free radical addition polymerizable or crosslinkable compound and a dye-reactive counter ion complex, said complex being capable of absorbing actinic radiation and producing free radicals which initiate free radical polymerization or crosslinking of said compound and being a stable non-transcient compound prior to actinic radiation, applying a second substrate to said photohardenable composition to form a laminate in which said photohardenable composition is interposed between said first and said second substrate, and exposing said laminate to actinic radiation; at least one of said substrates being transparent or translucent.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
118 words
A process for laminating a transparent or translucent substrate which comprises the steps of: coating a photohardenable composition on one surface of a first substrate, said photohardenable composition comprising a free radical addition polymerizable or crosslinkable compound and a dye-reactive counter ion complex, said complex being capable of absorbing actinic radiation and producing free radicals which initiate free radical polymerization or crosslinking of said compound and being a stable non-transcient compound prior to actinic radiation, applying a second substrate to said photohardenable composition to form a laminate in which said photohardenable composition is interposed between said first and said second substrate, and exposing said laminate to actinic radiation; at least one of said substrates being transparent or translucent.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
10 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said complex is photobleachable.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 2 wherein said complex is a cationic dye-borate anion complex.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
60 words
The process of claim 3 wherein said cationic dye-borate anion complex is represented by the formula: ##STR35## where D + is a cationic dye moiety and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are the same or different and selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkaryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alicyclic, heterocyclic, and allyl groups.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of claim 4 wherein said cationic dye is selected from the group consisting of cationic methine, polymethine, triarylmethane, indoline, thiazine, xanthene, oxazine, and acridine dyes.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 5 wherein said compound is an ethylenically unsaturated compound.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 2 wherein said complex is an anionic dye complex.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 7 wherein said anionic dye is selected from the group consisting of xanthene and oxonol dyes.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 8 wherein said complex is an anionic dye-iodonium ion complex or an anionic dye-pyryllium ion complex.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
114 words
A process for laminating a glass substrate which comprises the steps of: coating a photohardenable composition on one surface of a first substrate, said photohardenable composition comprising a free radical addition polymerizable or crosslinkable compound and a dye-reactive counter ion complex, said complex being capable of absorbing actinic radiation and producing free radicals which initiate free radical polymerization or crosslinking of said compound and being a stable non-transcient compound prior to exposure to actinic radiation, applying a second substrate to said photohardenable composition such that said photohardenable composition is interposed between said first substrate and said second substrate, and exposing said substrates to actinic radiation; wherein at least one of said substrate is glass.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
114 words
A process for laminating a glass substrate which comprises the steps of: coating a photohardenable composition on one surface of a first substrate, said photohardenable composition comprising a free radical addition polymerizable or crosslinkable compound and a dye-reactive counter ion complex, said complex being capable of absorbing actinic radiation and producing free radicals which initiate free radical polymerization or crosslinking of said compound and being a stable non-transcient compound prior to exposure to actinic radiation, applying a second substrate to said photohardenable composition such that said photohardenable composition is interposed between said first substrate and said second substrate, and exposing said substrates to actinic radiation; wherein at least one of said substrate is glass.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 10 wherein said ionic dye-counter ion complex is photobleachable.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 11 wherein said complex is a cationic dye-borate anion complex.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
60 words
The process of claim 12 wherein said cationic dye-borate anion complex is represented by the formula: ##STR36## where D + is a cationic dye moiety and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are the same or different and selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkaryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alicyclic, heterocyclic, and allyl groups.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of claim 13 wherein said cationic dye is selected from the group consisting of cationic methine, polymethine, triarylmethane, indoline, thiazine, xanthene, oxazine, and acridine dyes.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 14 wherein said compound is an ethylenically unsaturated compound.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 11 wherein said complex is an anionic dye complex.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 16 wherein said anionic dye is selected from the group consisting of xanthene and oxonol dyes.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 17 wherein said complex is an anionic dye-iodonium ion complex or an anionic dye-pyryllium ion complex.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 1 wherein at least one of said substrates is a transparent or translucent polymeric film.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 10 wherein said first and said second substrates are glass.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said dye-reactive counter ion complex is soluble in non-polar solvents in an amount of at least 0.1%.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 10 wherein said dye-reactive counter ion complex is soluble in non-polar solvents in an amount of at least 0.1%.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said actinic radiation is visible light.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 10 wherein said actinic radiation is visible light.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
DE147424C
Cited
GB567776A
Cited
US2875047A
Cited
US3099558A
Cited
US3573922A
Cited
US3418118A
Cited
US3495987A
Cited
US3488269A
Cited
US3558387A
Cited
US3547633A
Cited
US3531281A
Cited
US3579339A
Cited
US3567453A
Cited
US3708296A
Cited
US3615452A
Cited
US3650927A
Cited
US3775130A
Cited
US3729313A
Cited
US4001017A
Cited
US4264703A
Cited
US4394403A
Cited
US4026705A
Cited
US4134814A
Cited
US4318766A
Cited
US4109055A
Cited
US4153526A
Cited
US4355077A
Cited
US4272589A
Cited
US4343891A
Cited
US4307182A
Cited
US4405394A
Cited
US4423135A
Cited
US4399209A
Cited
US4450227A
Cited
US4470858A
Cited
US4541881A
Cited
US4588664A
Cited
JPH0839162A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1992-10-16 | 1993-04-17 | 1993-10-17 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1996-10-16 | 1997-04-17 | 1997-10-17 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2000-10-16 | 2001-04-17 | 2001-10-17 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |