US4855071A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Deicing compositions comprising alkaline earth or alkali metal carboxylates and processes for their production
Assignee: General Atomics International Services Corp
•
Filing: 1988-01-14
•
Granted: 1989-08-08
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Expires: 2008-01-14
Abstract
Abstract Deicing compositions comprising an alkaline earth or alkali metal carboxylate having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof are provided which exhibit excellent handling characteristics. Also provided are processes for the preparation of such deicing compositions which comprise (a) preparing a slurry comprising an alkaline earth or alkali metal carboxylate of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof, said slurry having sufficient water that it is fluid and pumpable; distributing the slurry in a thin layer on discrete substrate particles; and drying said substrate particles.
Inventors
- 👤 Harold E. Todd, Jr.
- 👤 Daniel L. Walters
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 18:35
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09K; C09K3/00; C09K3/18; C09K3/185; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2982; Y10T428/2991
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 66
Claim 1
Independent Claim
92 words
A process for preparing a deicing composition which comprises: (a) preparing a slurry comprising an alkaline earth or alkali metal carboxylate of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or mixtures thereof, said slurry containing sufficient water that it is fluid and pumpable and heating said slurry to a temperature in the range of about 100° F. to about 250° F.; (b) maintaining said slurry at a temperature within said range while distributing said slurry of step (a) in a thin layer on discrete substrate particles; and (c) drying said layered substrate particles.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
92 words
A process for preparing a deicing composition which comprises: (a) preparing a slurry comprising an alkaline earth or alkali metal carboxylate of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or mixtures thereof, said slurry containing sufficient water that it is fluid and pumpable and heating said slurry to a temperature in the range of about 100° F. to about 250° F.; (b) maintaining said slurry at a temperature within said range while distributing said slurry of step (a) in a thin layer on discrete substrate particles; and (c) drying said layered substrate particles.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein said distributing and drying steps are repeated to give a plurality of thin layers of carboxylate on said substrate particles.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
31 words
A process according to claim 2 wherein said layered substrate particles are recycled through said distributing and drying steps to give a plurality of layers of carboxylate on said substrate particles.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process according to claim 3 wherein said alkaline earth or alkali metal carboxylate comprises a calcium, magnesium, calcium magnesium or potassium carboxylate or mixtures thereof.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process according to claim 4 wherein step (b) further comprises heating said slurry to a temperature of about 170° F. to about 200° F. before distributing it.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process according to claim 5 wherein said slurry comprises at least about 50% by weight water.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process according to claim 6 wherein said alkaline earth or alkali metal carboxylate comprises calcium magnesium acetate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process according to claim 6 wherein said substrate comprises a traction aid.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process according to claim 6 wherein said substrate comprises particles of alkaline earth or alkali metal carboxylate having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
128 words
A process of preparing a deicing composition which comprises: (a) mixing an alkaline earth or alkali metal base or mixtures thereof and water to give a slurry; (b) adding carboxylic acid of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof in an amount sufficient to convert said alkaline earth or alkali metal base into alkaline earth or alkali metal carboxylate to the slurry of step (a) to give an alkaline earth or alkali metal carboxylate slurry, said slurry containing sufficient water that it is fluid and pumpable; (c) heating the slurry of step (b) to a temperature of about 100° F. to about 250° F.; (d) distributing the heated slurry from step (c) in a thin layer on discrete substrate particles; and (e) drying said layered substrate particles.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
128 words
A process of preparing a deicing composition which comprises: (a) mixing an alkaline earth or alkali metal base or mixtures thereof and water to give a slurry; (b) adding carboxylic acid of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof in an amount sufficient to convert said alkaline earth or alkali metal base into alkaline earth or alkali metal carboxylate to the slurry of step (a) to give an alkaline earth or alkali metal carboxylate slurry, said slurry containing sufficient water that it is fluid and pumpable; (c) heating the slurry of step (b) to a temperature of about 100° F. to about 250° F.; (d) distributing the heated slurry from step (c) in a thin layer on discrete substrate particles; and (e) drying said layered substrate particles.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process according to claim 10 wherein said slurry contains at least about 50% water.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
31 words
A process according to claim 11 wherein said layered substrate particles are recycled through said distributing and drying steps to give a plurality of layers of carboxylate on said substrate particles.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process according to claim 12 wherein said alkaline earth or alkali metal carboxylate comprises calcium acetate, magnesium acetate, calcium magnesium acetate, potassium acetate or mixtures thereof.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process according to claim 13 wherein said slurry contains from about 55% to about 68% by weight water.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process according to claim 14 wherein said slurry of step (b) is heated to a temperature of about 170° F. to about 200° F.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process according to claim 15 wherein steps (d) and (e) are performed substantially simultaneously.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
174 words
A process of preparing a deicing composition comprising calcium magnesium acetate having a molar ratio of calcium:magnesium of from about 6:4 to about 2:8 which is substantially free from unreacted magnesium base which comprises: (a) mixing CM base and water to give a mixture comprising at least about 40 percent by weight water; (b) adding acetic acid in an amount sufficient to convert said CM base to calcium magnesium acetate to the mixture of step (a) to give a calcium magnesium acetate slurry comprising from about 50 to about 68% water and a pH of about 7 to about 8.5 which is essentially free of acetic acid odor; (c) heating the slurry of step (b) to a temperature of about 170° F. to about 200° F.; (d) distributing the heated slurry of step (c) in a thin layer onto a falling curtain of discrete substrate particles in the presence of heated gas to give CMA-layered particles; (e) repeating step (d) to give CMA-layered particles having a plurality of layers of CMA on said particles.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
174 words
A process of preparing a deicing composition comprising calcium magnesium acetate having a molar ratio of calcium:magnesium of from about 6:4 to about 2:8 which is substantially free from unreacted magnesium base which comprises: (a) mixing CM base and water to give a mixture comprising at least about 40 percent by weight water; (b) adding acetic acid in an amount sufficient to convert said CM base to calcium magnesium acetate to the mixture of step (a) to give a calcium magnesium acetate slurry comprising from about 50 to about 68% water and a pH of about 7 to about 8.5 which is essentially free of acetic acid odor; (c) heating the slurry of step (b) to a temperature of about 170° F. to about 200° F.; (d) distributing the heated slurry of step (c) in a thin layer onto a falling curtain of discrete substrate particles in the presence of heated gas to give CMA-layered particles; (e) repeating step (d) to give CMA-layered particles having a plurality of layers of CMA on said particles.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process according to claim 17 wherein said CM base comprises dolomitic lime and optionally a magnesium base.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process according to claim 18 wherein said substrate particles comprise a traction aid.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
12 words
A process according to claim 19 wherein said traction aid is sand.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process according to claim 17 wherein said substrate particles comprise particles of calcium magnesium acetate.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
31 words
A deicing composition substantially free from unreacted alkaline earth metal base or alkali metal base comprising an alkaline earth or alkali metal carboxylate prepared according to the process of claim 1.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
25 words
A deicing composition substantially free from unreacted magnesium base comprising an alkaline earth or alkali metal carboxylate prepared according to the process of claim 4.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
19 words
A deicing composition comprising an alkaline earth or alkali metal carboxylate prepared according to the process of claim 5.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
25 words
A deicing composition substantially free from unreacted magnesium base comprising an alkaline earth or alkali metal carboxylate prepared according to the process of claim 7.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
25 words
A deicing composition substantially free of unreacted magnesium base comprising an alkaline earth or alkali metal carboxylate prepared according to the process of claim 8.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
25 words
A deicing composition substantially free of unreacted magnesium base comprising an alkaline earth or alkali metal carboxylate prepared according to the process of claim 9.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
19 words
A deicing composition comprising an alkaline earth or alkali metal carboxylate prepared according to the process of claim 15.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
19 words
A deicing composition comprising an alkaline earth or alkali metal carboxylate prepared according to the process of claim 13.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
25 words
A deicing composition substantially free of unreacted magnesium base comprising an alkaline earth or alkali metal carboxylate prepared according to the process of claim 16.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
25 words
A deicing composition substantially free of unreacted magnesium base comprising an alkaline earth or alkali metal carboxylate prepared according to the process of claim 17.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
25 words
A deicing composition substantially free of unreacted magnesium base comprising an alkaline earth or alkali metal carboxylate prepared according to the process of claim 20.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
19 words
A deicing composition comprising an alkaline earth or alkali metal carboxylate prepared according to the process of claim 21.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
24 words
A deicing composition which comprises a plurality of calcium magnesium acetate layers which are substantially free of unreacted magnesium base on discrete substrate particles.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
24 words
A deicing composition which comprises a plurality of calcium magnesium acetate layers which are substantially free of unreacted magnesium base on discrete substrate particles.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
11 words
A deicing composition according to claim 34 without a wetting agent.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
23 words
A deicing composition according to claim 35 comprising calcium magnesium acetate having a calcium:magnesium molar ratio of from about 6:4 to about 2:8.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
15 words
A deicing composition according to claim 36 wherein said substrate particles comprise a traction aid.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
13 words
A deicing composition according to claim 37 wherein said traction aid is sand.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
15 words
A deicing composition according to claim 38 wherein said calcium-magnesium molar ratio is about 1:1.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
15 words
A deicing composition according to claim 38 wherein said calcium-magnesium molar ratio is about 3:7.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
15 words
A deicing composition according to claim 36 wherein said substrate particles comprise calcium magnesium acetate.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
15 words
A deicing composition according to claim 41 wherein said calcium-magnesium molar ratio is about 1:1.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
15 words
A deicing composition according to claim 41 wherein said calcium-magnesium molar ratio is about 3:7.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
71 words
A deicing composition having good crush strength a bulk density of at least about 40 pounds per cubic foot, a particle specific gravity greater than about 1.2 and less than about 3 percent attrition which comprises an alkaline earth or alkali metal carboxylate having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof which comprises a plurality of thin layers of carboxylate distributed on discrete substrate particles without a wetting agent.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
71 words
A deicing composition having good crush strength a bulk density of at least about 40 pounds per cubic foot, a particle specific gravity greater than about 1.2 and less than about 3 percent attrition which comprises an alkaline earth or alkali metal carboxylate having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof which comprises a plurality of thin layers of carboxylate distributed on discrete substrate particles without a wetting agent.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
28 words
A deicing composition according to claim 44 wherein said alkaline earth or alkali metal carboxylate comprises calcium acetate, magnesium acetate, potassium acetate, calcium magnesium acetate or mixtures thereof.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
19 words
A deicing composition according to claim 45 having a molar ratio of calcium:magnesium of about 6:4 to about 2:8.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
15 words
A deicing composition according to claim 46 which is substantially free of unreacted magnesium base.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
19 words
A deicing composition according to claim 47 wherein said alkaline earth or alkali metal carboxylate comprises calcium magnesium acetate.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
14 words
A deicing composition according to claim 48 having a calcium:magnesium ratio of about 1:1.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
15 words
A deicing composition according to claim 49 wherein said substrate particles comprise a traction aid.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
16 words
A deicing composition according to claim 50 wherein said substrate particles comprise calcium magnesium acetate particles.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
15 words
A deicing composition according to claim 48 having a calcium-magnesium molar ratio of about 3:7.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
14 words
A deicing composition according to claim 52 wherein said substrate comprises a traction aid.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
15 words
A deicing composition according to claim 52 wherein said substrate comprises calcium magnesium acetate particles.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
27 words
A deicing composition according to claim 44 wherein said substrate particles comprise alkaline earth or alkali metal carboxylate of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
29 words
A deicing composition having good crush strength and resistance to attrition which comprises calcium magnesium acetate which is substantially free of unreacted magnesium base layered on discrete substrate particles.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
29 words
A deicing composition having good crush strength and resistance to attrition which comprises calcium magnesium acetate which is substantially free of unreacted magnesium base layered on discrete substrate particles.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
37 words
A deicing composition according to claim 56 having a bulk density of at least about 40 pounds per cubic foot, a particle specific density of at least about 1.2 and attrition of less than about 3 percent.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
19 words
A deicing composition according to claim 57 having a calcium:magnesium molar ratio of from about 6:4 to about 2:8.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
17 words
A deicing composition according to claim 58 wherein said substrate particles comprise preformed calcium magnesium acetate particles.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
15 words
A deicing composition according to claim 58 wherein said substrate particles comprise a traction aid.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1992-08-07 | 1993-02-06 | 1993-08-08 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1996-08-07 | 1997-02-06 | 1997-08-08 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2000-08-07 | 2001-02-06 | 2001-08-08 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |