US4243415A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Deicing and traction forming composition and method of making same
Assignee: Nestle Purina PetCare Co
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Filing: 1978-11-15
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Granted: 1981-01-06
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Expires: 1998-11-15
Abstract
Abstract A deicing and traction forming composition in which particles of clay are impregnated and coated with a salt, such as sodium chloride, calcium chloride, and/or ammonium chloride so that, when the particulate material is used to deice and form a traction surface, the salt immediately begins the ice melting action followed by a more gradual action from the release of the salt from the particles. The particles are water softening, readily disintegratable under the pressure of foot and vehicle traffic to release the absorbed salt and to form a traction surface on the ice. A method is used in the production of the composition consisting of heating crushed clay to drive off the moisture and, after screening the particulate material to obtain a somewhat uniform particle size and while it is still at an elevated temperature, spraying the particles with a salt solution. The salt solution is absorbed and adsorbed by the particles, and the moisture is quickly driven off by the heat from the particles, thus leaving a dried particulated mass which can easily be stored, packaged, shipped and used in particulate form.
Inventors
- 👤 Henry E. Lowe, Jr.
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 20:10
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09K; C09K3/00; C09K3/18; C09K3/185; C09K3/14; C09K3/149
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 11
Claim 1
Independent Claim
104 words
A deicing and traction forming composition comprising moisture softening clay particles heat-dried at a temperature below the point at which bound water is removed, said particles retaining absorptive properties and being readily disintegratable by the pressure of foot and vehicular traffic when softened by absorption of water from melting ice, and a chloride salt impregnating and coating said particles and being releasable from said particles initially by solution of the salt coating in water from an icy surface and thereafter by solution of the salt absorbed in said clay particles as said particles disintegrate and are softened by the water from the melting ice.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
104 words
A deicing and traction forming composition comprising moisture softening clay particles heat-dried at a temperature below the point at which bound water is removed, said particles retaining absorptive properties and being readily disintegratable by the pressure of foot and vehicular traffic when softened by absorption of water from melting ice, and a chloride salt impregnating and coating said particles and being releasable from said particles initially by solution of the salt coating in water from an icy surface and thereafter by solution of the salt absorbed in said clay particles as said particles disintegrate and are softened by the water from the melting ice.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
20 words
A deicing and traction forming composition as defined in claim 1 in which said salt consists primarily of sodium chloride.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
18 words
A deicing and traction forming composition as defined in claim 1 in which said salt is calcium chloride.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
34 words
A deicing and traction forming composition as defined in claim 1 in which said salt consists of a mixture of chloride salts from a group consisting of sodium chloride, calcium chloride and ammonium chloride.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
18 words
A deicing and traction forming composition as defined in claim 1 in which said salt is ammonium chloride.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
95 words
A method of producing a deicing and traction forming composition, comprising the steps of crushing moisture softening, raw clay, sizing the crushed clay, heat-drying said crushed clay to remove pore water at a temperature below the point of nonreversible ceramic change, screening said dried clay while still in an elevated temperature to obtain a mass of clay particles capable of being softened by the water from melting ice, impregnating and coating said clay particles with a chloride salt solution while maintaining said moisture softening clay in particulate form, and evaporating the water from said solution.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
95 words
A method of producing a deicing and traction forming composition, comprising the steps of crushing moisture softening, raw clay, sizing the crushed clay, heat-drying said crushed clay to remove pore water at a temperature below the point of nonreversible ceramic change, screening said dried clay while still in an elevated temperature to obtain a mass of clay particles capable of being softened by the water from melting ice, impregnating and coating said clay particles with a chloride salt solution while maintaining said moisture softening clay in particulate form, and evaporating the water from said solution.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
19 words
A deicing and traction forming composition as defined in claim 6 in which said salt solution includes sodium chloride.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
19 words
A deicing and traction forming composition as defined in claim 6 in which said salt solution includes calcium chloride.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
32 words
A deicing and traction forming composition as defined in claim 6 in which the heat-drying of said clay material consists in sintering the clay to obtain porous moisture softening, readily disintegratable particles.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1984-01-06 | 1984-07-07 | 1985-01-06 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1988-01-06 | 1988-07-07 | 1989-01-06 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1992-01-06 | 1992-07-07 | 1993-01-06 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |