Liquid developer for electrostatic photography

Claim 1

A liquid developer for electrostatic photography comprising a non-aqueous solvent having electrical resistivity of not less than 10 9 Ω·cm and a dielectric constant of not more than 3.5 having dispersed therein at least one resin, wherein said resin is a copolymer resin obtained by subjecting a solution containing (A) at least one of monofunctional monomer which is soluble in said solvent but insolubilized upon polymerization and (B) at least one of monomers having at least two polar groups and/or polar linking groups represented by formula (I): ##STR16## wherein V represents --O--, ##STR17## --SO 2 --, --CONH--, --SO 2 NH--, ##STR18## wherein W represents a hydrocarbon residue or --R 1 -X 1 -- m--R 2 -X 2 -- n Y; Y represents a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon residue having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or a hydrocarbon residue having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms which is substituted with a halogen atom, --OH, --CN, --NH 2 , --COOH, --SO 3 H or PO 3 H; X 1 and X 2 each represents --O--, --S--, --CO--, --CO 2 --, ##STR19## --NHCO 2 --or --NHCONH--, wherein Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3 , Y 4 and Y 5 each has the same meaning as Y; R 1 and R 2 each represents a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon residue having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms which may contain a moiety of ##STR20## in its main chain, wherein X 3 and X 4 each has the same meaning as X 1 and X 2 ; R 4 represents a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon residue having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms; and Y 6 has the same meaning as Y; a 1 and a 2 each represents a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon residue, --COOZ or --COOZ having a hydrocarbon residue attached at the carbonyl, wherein Z represents a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon residue; and m, n and p each represents O or an integer of from 1 to 4, to a polymerization reaction in the presence of a resin which is soluble in said solvent and contains no graft group polymerizable with said monomers, and wherein said at least one of monofunctional monomer which is soluble in said solvent but insolubilized upon polymerization and said at least one monomer having at least two polar groups and/or polar linking groups from particles and said particles have absorbed to the surface thereof as an outer particle resin said resin which contains no graft group polymerizable with said monomers.

Claim 14

A method of preparing a liquid developer for electrostatic photography comprising a non-aqueous solvent having electrical resistivity of not less than 10 9 Ω·cm and a dielectric constant of not more than 3.5 having dispersed therein at least one resin, which method comprises subjecting a solution containing (A) at least one of monofunctional monomer which is soluble in said solvent but insolubilized upon polymerization and (B) at least one of monomers having at least two polar groups and/or polar linking groups represented by formula (I): ##STR25## wherein V represents --O--, ##STR26## --SO 2 --, --CONH--, --SO 2 NH--, ##STR27## wherein W represents a hydrocarbon residue or --R 1 -X 1 -- m --R 2 -X 2 -- n --Y; Y represents a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon residue having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or a hydrocarbon residue having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms which is substituted with a halogen atom, --OH, [--CH] --CN, --NH 2 , --COOH, --SO 3 H or PO 3 H; X 1 and X 2 each represents --O--, --S--, --CO--, --CO 2 --, ##STR28## --NHCO 2 --or --NHCONH--, wherein Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3 , Y 4 and Y 5 each has the same meaning as Y; R 1 and R 2 each represents a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon residue having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms which may contain a moiety of ##STR29## in its main chain, wherein X 3 and X 4 each has the same meaning as X 1 and X 2 ; R 4 represents a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon residue having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms; and Y 6 has the same meaning as Y; a 1 and a 2 each represents a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon residue, --COOZ or --COOZ having a hydrocarbon residue attached at the carbonyl, wherein Z represents a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon residue; and m, n and p each represents O or an integer of from 1 to 4, to a polymerization reaction in the presence of a resin which is soluble in said solvent and contains no graft group polymerizable with said monomers, and wherein said at least one of monofunctional monomer which is soluble in said solvent but insolubilized upon polymerization and said at least one monomer having at least two polar groups and/or polar linking groups from particles and said particles have absorbed to the surface thereof as an outer particle resin said resin which contains no graft group polymerizable with said monomers.

Claim 15

A method of preparing a liquid developer for electrostatic photography comprising a non-aqueous solvent having electrical resistivity of not less than 10 9 Ω·cm and a dielectric constant of not more than 3.5 having dispersed therein at least one resin, which method comprises subjecting a solution containing (A) at least one of monofunctional monomer which is soluble in said solvent but insolubilized upon polymerization and (B) at least one of monomers having at least two polar groups and/or polar linking groups represented by formula (I): ##STR25## wherein V represents --O--, ##STR26## --SO 2 --, --CONH--, --SO 2 NH--, ##STR27## wherein W represents a hydrocarbon residue or --R 1 -X 1 -- m --R 2 -X 2 -- n --Y; Y represents a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon residue having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or a hydrocarbon residue having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms which is substituted with a halogen atom, --OH, [--CH] --CN, --NH 2 , --COOH, --SO 3 H or PO 3 H; X 1 and X 2 each represents --O--, --S--, --CO--, --CO 2 --, ##STR28## --NHCO 2 --or --NHCONH--, wherein Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3 , Y 4 and Y 5 each has the same meaning as Y; R 1 and R 2 each represents a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon residue having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms which may contain a moiety of ##STR29## in its main chain, wherein X 3 and X 4 each has the same meaning as X 1 and X 2 ; R 4 represents a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon residue having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms; and Y 6 has the same meaning as Y; a 1 and a 2 each represents a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon residue, --COOZ or --COOZ having a hydrocarbon residue attached at the carbonyl, wherein Z represents a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon residue; and m, n and p each represents O or an integer of from 1 to 4, to a polymerization reaction in the presence of a resin which is soluble in said solvent and contains no graft group polymerizable with said monomers, and wherein said at least one of monofunctional monomer which is soluble in said solvent but insolubilized upon polymerization and said at least one monomer having at least two polar groups and/or polar linking groups from particles and said particles have absorbed to the surface thereof as an outer particle resin said resin which contains no graft group polymerizable with said monomers.