Patent US4840863A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4840863A
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US
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Positively chargeable toner for use in dry electrophotography
Assignee: Fujikura Kasei Co Ltd
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Filing: 1987-04-15
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Granted: 1989-06-20
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Expires: 2007-04-15
Abstract
Abstract A positively chargeable toner for use in dry electrophotography, said toner comprising (A) a resinous binder composed of at least one resin selected from copolymers of styrene and/or alpha-methylstyrene with alkyl (meth)acrylates, polyester resins and epoxy resins, (B) 1 to 100 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the resinous binder, of a copolymer containing a quaternary ammonium salt group, said copolymer having a weight average molecular weight of from 2,000 to 10,000 and composed of 65 to 97% by weight of recurring units represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and 35 to 3% by weight of recurring units represented by the formula ##STR2## wherein R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R 3 represents an alkylene group, and each of R 4 , R 5 and R 6 represents an alkyl group, and (C) a coloring agent.
Inventors
- 👤 Akira Otsu
- 👤 Hiroshi Nagase
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 13:05
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/087; G03G9/08784; G03G9/08791; G03G9/08702; G03G9/08726; G03G9/08728; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S430/00; Y10S430/001; Y10S430/105
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 16
Claim 1
Independent Claim
153 words
A positively chargeable toner for use in dry electrophotography, said toner comprising (A) a resinous binder composed of at least one resin selected from copolymers of styrene and/or alphamethylstyrene with alkyl (meth)acrylates, polyester resins and epoxy resins, (B) 1 to 10 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the resinous binder, of a copolymer containing a quaternary ammonium salt group, said copolymer having a weight average molecular weight of from 2,000 to 10,000 and composed of 65 to 97% by weight of recurring units represented by the formula ##STR9## wherein R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and 35 to 3% by weight of recurring units represented by the formula ##STR10## wherein R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R 3 represents an alkylene group, and each of R 4 , R 5 and R 6 represents an alkyl group, and (C) a coloring agent.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
153 words
A positively chargeable toner for use in dry electrophotography, said toner comprising (A) a resinous binder composed of at least one resin selected from copolymers of styrene and/or alphamethylstyrene with alkyl (meth)acrylates, polyester resins and epoxy resins, (B) 1 to 10 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the resinous binder, of a copolymer containing a quaternary ammonium salt group, said copolymer having a weight average molecular weight of from 2,000 to 10,000 and composed of 65 to 97% by weight of recurring units represented by the formula ##STR9## wherein R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and 35 to 3% by weight of recurring units represented by the formula ##STR10## wherein R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R 3 represents an alkylene group, and each of R 4 , R 5 and R 6 represents an alkyl group, and (C) a coloring agent.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
28 words
The toner of claim 1 wherein the copolymer of styrene and/or alpha-methylstyrene and the alkyl (meth)acrylate has a glass transition temperature of about 50 to about 80° C.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
31 words
The toner of claim 1 wherein the copolymer of styrene and/or alpha-methylstyrene and the alkyl (meth)acrylate has a weight average molecular weight/number average molecular weight ratio of from 2 to 50.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
22 words
The toner of claim 1 wherein the copolymer of styrene and/or alpha-methylstyrene and the alkyl (meth)acrylate partly has a three-dimensional crosslinked structure.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
42 words
The toner of claim 1 wherein the polyester resins have a softening temperature in the range of 50° to 160° C., a hydroxyl value of not more than 100 mg KOH/g and an acid value of not more than 20 mg KOH/g.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
19 words
The toner of claim 1 wherein the polyester resins have a number average molecular weight of 1,000 to 30,000.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
15 words
The toner of claim 1 wherein the polyester resins partly have a three-dimensional crosslinked structure.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
36 words
The toner of claim 1 wherein the epoxy resins have a softening temperature of 50° to 170° C., a molecular weight of 700 to 8,000 and an epoxy equivalent in the range of 150 to 4,000.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
40 words
The toner of claim 1 wherein the copolymer containing a quaternary ammonum salt group comprises 65 to 97% by weight of the recurring units of formula (I) and 35 to 3% by weight of the recurring units of formula (II).
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
54 words
The toner of claim 1 wherein the copolymer containing a quaternary ammonium salt group further comprises not more than 20% by weight of recurring units derived from an alkyl (meth)acrylate represented by the following formula ##STR11## wherein R 7 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R 8 represents an alkyl group.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
27 words
The toner of claim 1 wherein the copolymer containing a quaternary ammonium salt group has a weight average molecular weight in the range of 3,000 to 8,000.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
26 words
The toner of claim 1 wherein the copolymer containing a quaternary ammonium salt group has a melt viscosity at 130° C. of 50 to 10,000 poises.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
33 words
The toner of claim 1 wherein the amount of the copolymer containing a quaternary ammonium salt group is 1 to 7 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the resinous binder.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
28 words
The toner of claim 1 wherein the amount of the coloring agent is 1 to 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the resinous binder.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
11 words
The toner of claim 1 which further comprises a property improver.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1992-06-19 | 1992-12-19 | 1993-06-20 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1996-06-19 | 1996-12-19 | 1997-06-20 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2000-06-19 | 2000-12-19 | 2001-06-20 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |