US4837394A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
electrostatographic toner particle comprising a polyester containing a covalently bound quaternary phosphonium salt
Assignee: Eastman Kodak Co
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Filing: 1988-08-05
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Granted: 1989-06-06
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Expires: 2008-08-05
Abstract
Abstract New electrostatographic toners and developers are provided, containing dual function polyester binder/charge agents. The new toner particle has an average diameter in the range of 0.01 to 100 micrometers and comprises a binder polyester and a charge-control agent comprising a quaternary phosphonium salt, wherein the phosphonium salt has a cationic portion comprising a phosphorus atom covalently bonded to at least one moiety containing an ester linkage to the binder polyester.
Inventors
- 👤 Peter S. Alexandrovich
- 👤 Lawrence P. DeMejo
- 👤 Thomas A. Jadwin
- 👤 John C. Wilson
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 16:09
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08G; C08G63/00; C08G63/68; C08G63/692; C08G63/6924; G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/087; G03G9/08742; G03G9/08755; G03G9/08784; G03G9/08791; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S430/00; Y10S430/001; Y10S430/104; Y10S430/105
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 15
Claim 1
Independent Claim
60 words
In an electrostatographic toner particle having an average diameter in the range of 0.01 to 100 micrometers and comprising a binder polyester and a charge-control agent comprising a quaternary phosphonium salt, the improvement wherein the phosphonium salt has a cationic portion comprising a phosphorus atom covalently bonded to at least one moiety containing an ester linkage to the binder polyester.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
60 words
In an electrostatographic toner particle having an average diameter in the range of 0.01 to 100 micrometers and comprising a binder polyester and a charge-control agent comprising a quaternary phosphonium salt, the improvement wherein the phosphonium salt has a cationic portion comprising a phosphorus atom covalently bonded to at least one moiety containing an ester linkage to the binder polyester.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
156 words
The toner particle of claim 1, wherein the phosphonium salt has the structure ##STR3## or the structure ##STR4## wherein: R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are each independently: alkyl which is unsubstituted, substituted with one or more aryl, or substituted with one or more group containing an ester linkage to the binder polyester; or aryl which is unsubstituted, substituted with one or more alkyl, or substituted with one or more group containing an ester linkage to the binder polyester; R 5 is alkylene, oxydialkylene, or arylenedialkylene; and A.sup.⊖ is an anion; with the provisos that: each alkyl or alkylene moiety recited above has from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; each aryl or arylene moiety recited above has from 6 to 14 carbon atoms; and at least one of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 contains at least one ester linkage to the binder polyester.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
94 words
The toner particle of claim 2, wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are each independently: alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more aryl; or aryl which is unsubstituted, substituted with one or more alkyl, or substituted with one or more group containing an ester linkage to the binder polyester; and wherein A.sup.⊖ has the structure .sup.⊖ O.sub.3 S--R.sup.6 wherein R 6 is aryl which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more alkyl, halide, or group containing an ester linkage to the binder polyester.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
31 words
The toner particle of claim 3, wherein the cationic portion of the phosphonium salt is monovalently appended to the polyester through an ester linkage contained in R 1 of structure I.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
31 words
The toner particle of claim 4, wherein the anionic portion of the phosphonium salt is divalently bonded into the polyester through two ester linkages contained in R 6 of structure I.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
33 words
The toner particle of claim 3, wherein the cationic portion of the phosphonium salt is divalently bonded into the polyester through ester linkages contained in R 1 and R 2 of structure I.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
31 words
The toner particle of claim 6, wherein the anionic portion of the phosphonium salt is divalently bonded into the polyester through two ester linkages contained in R 6 of structure I.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
31 words
The toner particle of claim 3, wherein the cationic portion of the phosphonium salt is divalently bonded into the polyester through two ester linkages contained in R 1 of structure I.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
33 words
The toner particle of claim 3, wherein the cationic portion of the phosphonium salt is divalently bonded into the polyester through ester linkages contained in the two R 1 groups of structure II.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
37 words
The toner particle of claim 3, wherein the cationic portion of the phosphonium salt is trivalently bonded into the polyester through ester linkages contained in R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 of structure I.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
12 words
The toner particle of claim 1, further comprising a second binder polyester.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
32 words
The toner particle of claim 1, further comprising a second binder polyester containing a quaternary phosphonium salt having an anionic portion containing at least one ester linkage to the second binder polyester.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
10 words
The toner particle of claim 1, further comprising a colorant.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
25 words
In a dry electrostatographic developer comprising: (a) carrier particles and (b) toner particles, the improvement wherein the toner particles are as defined in claim 1.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1992-06-05 | 1992-12-05 | 1993-06-06 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1996-06-05 | 1996-12-05 | 1997-06-06 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2000-06-05 | 2000-12-05 | 2001-06-06 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |