Catalyst for oil hydrorefining or mild hydrocracking of heavy oil charges to produce middle distillates

Claim 2

A catalyst containing (a) a carrier, (b) an amorphous matrix and (c) at least one group VIII metal or compound of a group VIII metal or an association comprising a group VI B metal or metal compound and at least one non-noble group VIII metal or metal compound, wherein in said catalyst: the carrier contains at least 20% by weight of a fluorinated bridged smectite clay, the amorphous matrix contains at least 10% by weight of alumina, the concentration of group VIII metal or metals expressed as oxide(s) thereof, with respect to the final catalyst, ranges from 0.01 to 5% by weight for group VIII noble metals and from 0.01 to 20% by weight for group VIII non-noble metals; or, the total concentration of groups VIII and VI B metals ranges from 5 to 40% by weight for the association of at least one group VIII non-noble metal with at least one group VI B metal, the carrier amount is sufficient to obtain a content of fluorinated bridged clay of at least 12% by weight of the final catalyst, the matrix amount corresponds to the amount necessary to total 100% by weight of the final catalyst in combination with (a) and (c) above.

Claim 3

A catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrier consists essentially of a mixture of 0-80% by weight of a non-fluorinated bridged clay associated with 20-100% by weight of fluorinated bridged clay.

Claim 4

A catalyst according to claim 2, wherein the mixture consists essentially of 5-50% of non fluorinated bridged clay and 50-95% of fluorinated bridged clay by weight.

Claim 5

A catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the bridges whereby the basal spacing between the bridged clay leaves is maintained consist essentially of alumina.

Claim 6

A catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the amorphous matrix contains at least 30% by weight of alumina.

Claim 7

A catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the amorphous matrix consists essentially of a silica-alumina containing at least 40% by weight of alumina.

Claim 8

In a process for hydrorefining oils, so as to improve their viscosity, under a pressure from about 4 to about 25 MPa, at a temperature from about 300° to about 500° C., a feed velocity from about 0.2 to about 2 liters per liter of catalyst and per hour and a hydrogen to hydrocarbons ratio ranging from about 250 to about 1500 1/1, the improvement comprising using a catalyst containing (a) a carrier, (b) an amorphous matrix and (c) at least one group VIII metal or compound of a group VII metal or an association comprising a group VI B metal or metal compound and at least one non-noble group VIII metal or metal compound, wherein in said catalyst: the carrier contains at least 20% by weight of a fluorinated bridged smectite clay, the amorphous matrix contains at least 10% by weight of alumina. the concentration of group VIII metal or metals expressed as oxide(s) thereof, with respect to the final catalyst, ranges from 0.01 to 5% by weight for group VIII noble metals and from 0.01 to 20% by weight for group VIII non-noble metals; or, the total concentration of groups VIII and VI B metals ranges from 5 to 40% by weight for the association of at least one group VIII non-noble metal with at least one group VI B metal, the carrier amount is sufficient to obtain a content of fluorinated bridged clay of at least 12% by weight of the final catalyst, the matrix amount corresponds to the amount necessary to total 100% by weight of the final catalyst in combination with (a) and (c) above.

Claim 9

In a process for hydrorefining oils, so as to improve their viscosity, under a pressure from about 4 to about 25 MPa, at a temperature from about 300° to about 500° C., a feed velocity from about 0.2 to about 2 liters per liter of catalyst and per hour and a hydrogen to hydrocarbons ratio ranging from about 250 to about 1500 1/1, the improvement comprising using a catalyst containing (a) a carrier, (b) an amorphous matrix and (c) at least one group VIII metal or compound of a group VII metal or an association comprising a group VI B metal or metal compound and at least one non-noble group VIII metal or metal compound, wherein in said catalyst: the carrier contains at least 20% by weight of a fluorinated bridged smectite clay, the amorphous matrix contains at least 10% by weight of alumina. the concentration of group VIII metal or metals expressed as oxide(s) thereof, with respect to the final catalyst, ranges from 0.01 to 5% by weight for group VIII noble metals and from 0.01 to 20% by weight for group VIII non-noble metals; or, the total concentration of groups VIII and VI B metals ranges from 5 to 40% by weight for the association of at least one group VIII non-noble metal with at least one group VI B metal, the carrier amount is sufficient to obtain a content of fluorinated bridged clay of at least 12% by weight of the final catalyst, the matrix amount corresponds to the amount necessary to total 100% by weight of the final catalyst in combination with (a) and (c) above.

Claim 10

A catalyst according to claim 2, wherein the amorphous matrix consists of a silica-alumina containing at least 40% by weight of alumina.

Claim 11

A catalyst according to claim 3, wherein the amorphous matrix consists of a silica-alumina containing at least 40% by weight of alumina.

Claim 12

A catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the amorphous matrix consists of a silica-alumina containing at least 40% by weight of alumina.

Claim 13

A catalyst according to claim 5, wherein the amorphous matrix consists of a silica-alumina containing at least 40% by weight of alumina.

Claim 14

A catalyst according to claim 5, wherein the amorphous matrix consists of a silica-alumina containing at least 40% by weight of alumina.

Claim 15

A catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the fluorinated bridged clay contained in the carrier has a basal spacing from 1.6 to 2.0 nm.

Claim 16

A catalyst containing (a) a carrier, (b) an amorphous matrix and (c) at least one group VIII metal or metal compound or an association comprising a group VII B metal or metal compound and at least one non-noble group VIII meta or metal compound wherein in said catalyst: the carrier contains at least 20% by weight of a fluorinated bridged smectite clay, the amorphous matrix contains at least 10% by weight of alumina, the concentration of group VIII metal or metals expresses as oxide(s) thereof, with respect to the final catalyst, ranges from 0.01 to 5% by weight for group VIII noble metals and from 0.01 to 20% by weight for group VIII non-noble metals; or, the total concentration of groups VIII and VI B metals ranges from 5 to 40% by weight for the association of at least one group VIII non-noble metal with at least one group VI B metal, the carrier amount is sufficient to obtain a content of fluorinated bridged clay of at least 12% by weight of the final catalyst, the matrix amount corresponds to the amount necessary to total 100% by weight of the final catalyst in combination with (a) and (c) above, and the fluorinated bridged clay contained in the carrier has a specific surface from 200 to 600 m 2 /g, a charge density from 0.6 to 1.8 meq/g, a basal spacing from 1.6 to 2.0 nm and a fluorine content from 0.01 to 4% by weight.

Claim 17

A catalyst containing (a) a carrier, (b) an amorphous matrix and (c) at least one group VIII metal or metal compound or an association comprising a group VII B metal or metal compound and at least one non-noble group VIII meta or metal compound wherein in said catalyst: the carrier contains at least 20% by weight of a fluorinated bridged smectite clay, the amorphous matrix contains at least 10% by weight of alumina, the concentration of group VIII metal or metals expresses as oxide(s) thereof, with respect to the final catalyst, ranges from 0.01 to 5% by weight for group VIII noble metals and from 0.01 to 20% by weight for group VIII non-noble metals; or, the total concentration of groups VIII and VI B metals ranges from 5 to 40% by weight for the association of at least one group VIII non-noble metal with at least one group VI B metal, the carrier amount is sufficient to obtain a content of fluorinated bridged clay of at least 12% by weight of the final catalyst, the matrix amount corresponds to the amount necessary to total 100% by weight of the final catalyst in combination with (a) and (c) above, and the fluorinated bridged clay contained in the carrier has a specific surface from 200 to 600 m 2 /g, a charge density from 0.6 to 1.8 meq/g, a basal spacing from 1.6 to 2.0 nm and a fluorine content from 0.01 to 4% by weight.