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Patent US4746408A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4746408A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Multi layer corrosion resistant coating
Assignee: WHYCO TECHNOLOGIES Inc
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Filing: 1987-11-05
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Granted: 1988-05-24
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Expires: 2007-11-05
Abstract
Abstract A corrosion resistant coating and process comprises the following layers applied in sequence over a ferrous metal substrate: a micro-throwing nickel-zinc alloy plating; galvanically protective zinc metal plating; a zinc-nickel alloy plating containing 5 to 30 weight percent nickel; and an organic coating such as paint. The coating is preferably used with steel fasteners wherein it also reduces installation torque and drill time.
Inventors
- 👤 Jacob Hyner
- 👤 Steven Gradowski
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 09:53
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25D; C25D5/00; C25D5/10; C25D5/60; C25D5/605; C25D5/611; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/12; Y10T428/12493; Y10T428/12535; Y10T428/12556; Y10T428/12771; Y10T428/12785; Y10T428/12792; Y10T428/12861; Y10T428/12951
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 21
Claim 1
Independent Claim
80 words
A process for providing corrosion resistance to a ferrous metal substrate comprising the steps of: (a) applying a first layer of nickel or a nickel alloy over said metal substrate; (b) applying a second layer of galvanically protective zinc metal over said first layer; and (c) applying a third layer of a zinc alloy containing a major amount of zinc and an alloying metal selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt and iron over said galvanically protective metal layer.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
80 words
A process for providing corrosion resistance to a ferrous metal substrate comprising the steps of: (a) applying a first layer of nickel or a nickel alloy over said metal substrate; (b) applying a second layer of galvanically protective zinc metal over said first layer; and (c) applying a third layer of a zinc alloy containing a major amount of zinc and an alloying metal selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt and iron over said galvanically protective metal layer.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said layers in steps (a), (b) and (c) are applied by electroplating.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 2 wherein said nickel or nickel-alloy first layer (a) comprises a micro-throwing nickel-zinc alloy.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 3 wherein said zinc alloy third layer (c) is a zinc-nickel alloy comprising from about 5 to 30 weight percent nickel.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 4 wherein said metal substrate is a ferrous metal fastener.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 4 further comprising applying an outer layer of an organic coating over said zinc-nickel alloy layer.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
89 words
A process for providing corrosion resistance to a ferrous metal fastener comprising the steps of: (a) electroplating a first layer of a microthrowing nickel-alloy over said fastener; (b) electroplating a second layer of galvanically protective zinc metal over said first layer; (c) electroplating a separate, distinct third layer of a zinc-nickel alloy containing from about 70 to 95 weight percent zinc and from about 5 to 30 weight percent nickel over said galvanically protective layer; and (d) applying a layer of an organic coating over said zinc-nickel alloy layer.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
89 words
A process for providing corrosion resistance to a ferrous metal fastener comprising the steps of: (a) electroplating a first layer of a microthrowing nickel-alloy over said fastener; (b) electroplating a second layer of galvanically protective zinc metal over said first layer; (c) electroplating a separate, distinct third layer of a zinc-nickel alloy containing from about 70 to 95 weight percent zinc and from about 5 to 30 weight percent nickel over said galvanically protective layer; and (d) applying a layer of an organic coating over said zinc-nickel alloy layer.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 7 wherein said micro-throwing alloy first layer includes zinc in an amount less than one (1) weight percent.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 8 wherein said zinc-nickel third layer comprises from about 8 to 15 weight percent nickel.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
67 words
A multi-layer coating for providing corrosion resistance to a ferrous metal substrate comprising, in sequence, the following layers over said substrate; (a) nickel or a nickel alloy; (b) galvanically protective zinc metal; and (c) a zinc alloy containing a major amount of zinc and an alloying metal selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt and iron separate and distinct from the galvanically protective metal layer (b).
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
67 words
A multi-layer coating for providing corrosion resistance to a ferrous metal substrate comprising, in sequence, the following layers over said substrate; (a) nickel or a nickel alloy; (b) galvanically protective zinc metal; and (c) a zinc alloy containing a major amount of zinc and an alloying metal selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt and iron separate and distinct from the galvanically protective metal layer (b).
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
10 words
The coating of claim 10 wherein said layers are electroplated.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
13 words
The coating of claim 11 wherein layer (a) is a micro-throwing nickel-zinc alloy.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
24 words
The coating of claim 12 wherein said zinc alloy layer (c) is a zinc-nickel alloy comprising from about 5 to 30 weight percent nickel.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
11 words
A ferrous metal fastener having the multi-layer coating of claim 13.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
71 words
A multi-layer coating for providing corrosion resistance to a ferrous metal fastener comprising, in sequence, the following layers over said substrate: (a) a micro-throwing nickel-zinc alloy plating; (b) galvanically protective zinc metal plating; (c) a zinc-nickel alloy plating containing from about 70 to 95 weight percent zinc and from about 5 to 30 weight percent nickel, separate and distinct from the galvanically protective metal layer (b); and (d) an organic coating.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
71 words
A multi-layer coating for providing corrosion resistance to a ferrous metal fastener comprising, in sequence, the following layers over said substrate: (a) a micro-throwing nickel-zinc alloy plating; (b) galvanically protective zinc metal plating; (c) a zinc-nickel alloy plating containing from about 70 to 95 weight percent zinc and from about 5 to 30 weight percent nickel, separate and distinct from the galvanically protective metal layer (b); and (d) an organic coating.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
22 words
The coating of claim 15 wherein said micro-throwing alloy layer (a) comprises zinc in an amount less than one (1) weight percent.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
19 words
The coating of claim 16 wherein said zinc-nickel layer (c) comprises from about 8 to 15 weight percent nickel.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-05-24 | 1991-11-23 | 1992-05-24 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-05-24 | 1995-11-23 | 1996-05-24 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-05-24 | 1999-11-23 | 2000-05-24 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |