US4734439A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Foam-containing polyurethane(urea) compositions and process for the preparation thereof
Assignee: GENERAL CHEMICAL GROUP Inc
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Filing: 1986-11-04
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Granted: 1988-03-29
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Expires: 2006-11-04
Abstract
Abstract This invention relates to polyurethane(urea) compositions which contain foam and which are preferably cationically modified, contain non-abrasively bonded fillers and have a very high water absorbability (WAF). Production is effected by reacting isocyanate-terminated prepolymers with a quantity of water far exceeding the stoichiometric quantity in the presence of foams in particle or film form. The reaction mixture may also contain lignite powder and/or peat, other inorganic and organic fillers and/or biomasses (living cells, living bacteria, enzymes). The polyurethane(urea) compositions contain up to 95% by weight of foam particles and may contain further fillers (preferably lignite and/or peat). The compositions are swollen and have a high water content during production. Their water absorbability (WAF) when suspended in water is 33 to 97% by weight of water. They can be used as carriers in microbic synthesis processes for the production of complicated organic compounds (when they have incorporated biomasses) as special carriers for the growth of plants, as filter agents or as adsorbents for non water-soluble liquids [for example, crude oil or petrol].
Inventors
- 👤 Artur Reischl
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 19:18
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01D; B01D17/00; B01D17/02; B01D17/0202; B01D39/00; B01D39/02; B01D39/04; C; C02; C02F; C02F3/00; C02F3/02; C02F3/10; C08; C08G; C08G18/00; C08G18/06; C08G18/08; C08G18/0804; C08G18/0809; C08G18/0814; C08G18/10; C12; C12N; C12N11/00; C12N11/02; C12N11/08; C12N11/089; C12N11/093; C12N11/098; Y; Y02; Y02W; Y02W10/00; Y02W10/10; Y10; Y10S; Y10S521/00; Y10S521/905
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 31
Claim 1
Independent Claim
270 words
A process for the production of a foam-containing polyurethane(urea) composition in finely divided or particulate form comprising reacting: (A) at least one di- and/or polyfunctional isocyanate-terminated prepolymer having an isocyanate group content of from 2 to 12% by weight, (B) from 0 to 50% by weight based on the weight of (A) of a lower molecular weight organic di- and/or polyisocyanate, with the mixture of (A) and (B) having an isocyanate group content of 30% by weight or less, (C) water in an amount of from two to sixty times the weight of components (A) and (B), (D) from 0 to 5.0 equivalent % based on total isocyanate equivalents in (A) and (B) of an organic di- and/or polyamine, in the presence of (E) from 3 to 95% by weight of a synthetic resin foam in the form of particles, (F) from 0 to 90% by weight of lignite and/or peat, and (G) from 0 to 90% by weight of other organic and/or inorganic fillers wherein the percents by weight of (E), (F) and (G) are based on the total moisture-free weight of components (A), (B), (D), (E), (F) and (G) and wherein the sum of components (E), (F) and (G) is from 5 to 95% by weight based on the total moisture-free weight of said components (A), (B), (D), (E), (F) and (G), said foam containing polyurethane(urea) compositions having a water-absorbability of from 33 to 97% by weight, and whereby said foam absorbs the isocyanate and any added filler uniformly both on the external surfaces of said foam and on the internal surfaces of the cells of said foam.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
270 words
A process for the production of a foam-containing polyurethane(urea) composition in finely divided or particulate form comprising reacting: (A) at least one di- and/or polyfunctional isocyanate-terminated prepolymer having an isocyanate group content of from 2 to 12% by weight, (B) from 0 to 50% by weight based on the weight of (A) of a lower molecular weight organic di- and/or polyisocyanate, with the mixture of (A) and (B) having an isocyanate group content of 30% by weight or less, (C) water in an amount of from two to sixty times the weight of components (A) and (B), (D) from 0 to 5.0 equivalent % based on total isocyanate equivalents in (A) and (B) of an organic di- and/or polyamine, in the presence of (E) from 3 to 95% by weight of a synthetic resin foam in the form of particles, (F) from 0 to 90% by weight of lignite and/or peat, and (G) from 0 to 90% by weight of other organic and/or inorganic fillers wherein the percents by weight of (E), (F) and (G) are based on the total moisture-free weight of components (A), (B), (D), (E), (F) and (G) and wherein the sum of components (E), (F) and (G) is from 5 to 95% by weight based on the total moisture-free weight of said components (A), (B), (D), (E), (F) and (G), said foam containing polyurethane(urea) compositions having a water-absorbability of from 33 to 97% by weight, and whereby said foam absorbs the isocyanate and any added filler uniformly both on the external surfaces of said foam and on the internal surfaces of the cells of said foam.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
80 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said component (A) is prepared by reacting: (a) organic materials having two and/or more hydrogen atoms which are reactive with isocyanate groups and having a molecular weight of from 400 to 12,000, (b) from 0 to about 50 moles per mole of (a) of a material having two and/or more hydrogen atoms which are reactive with isocyanate groups and having a molecular weight of from 32 to 399, and (c) organic di- and/or polyisocyanates.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 2, wherein said materials (a) contain hydroxyl groups and have a total hydroxyl functionality of 2.1 or more.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 2, wherein said materials (b) contain hydroxyl groups.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process of claim 2, wherein components (a) and/or (b) contain cationic groups or groups capable of cationic group formation and can contain anion groups in a quantity up to the amount of cation equivalents.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
51 words
The process of claim 2, wherein said component (A) is prepared by reacting said components (a), (b) and (c) in the presence of polymers which contain cationic groups or groups capable of cationic group formation, and which can contain anion groups in a quantity up to the amount of cation equivalents.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said component (A) has an isocyanate functionality of 2.1 or more.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said foam (E) is a polyurethane foam having a density of from 10 to 110 kg/m 3 .
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of claim 8, wherein said foam (E) is in the form of particles having particle sizes of from about 1 mm to about 30 mm.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 8, wherein said foam (E) is in the form of a film having a thickness up to about 40 mm.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said foam-containing polyurethane(urea) composition contains from 10 to 3000 milliequivalents of cationic groups or groups capable of cationic group formation per 1000 grams of components (A), (B) and (D).
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 11, wherein said polyurethane(urea) composition contains from 30 to 1500 milliequivalents of cationic groups or groups capable of cationic group formation.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 1, wherein component (F) is lignite powder and/or finely divided black peat.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
10 words
The process of claim 1, wherein component (F) is lignite.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
73 words
The process of claim 1, wherein (i) said foam-containing polyurethane(urea) composition contains from 10 to 3000 milliequivalents of cationic groups or groups capable of cationic group formation per 1000 grams of components (A), (B) and (D), (ii) said foam (E) is a polyurethane foam having a density of from 10 to 110 kg/m 3 , and (iii) said component (F) is lignite used in an amount of from 1 to 90% by weight.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 1, wherein component (E) is used in an amount of from 5 to 85% by weight.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
37 words
The process of claim 16, wherein component (E) is used in an amount of from 5 to 80% by weight and the combined weight of components (E), (F) and (G) is from 25 to 90% by weight.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 17, wherein component (F) is used in an amount of from 20 to 70% by weight.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
38 words
The process of claim 16, wherein component (E) is used in an amount of from 7 to 70% by weight and the combined weight of components (E), (F) and (G) is from 35 to 86 parts by weight.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
69 words
The process of claim 1, characterized in that component (A) has an isocyanate functionality of 2.1 or more and is formed by reacting: (a) polyfunctional polyether polyols, (b) from 0 to 2 mol of lower molecular diols and/or polyols having molecular weights of 62 to 399, (c) polyurethane-forming starting components (a) and/or (b) containing quaternary ammonium groups and/or salt-forming tertiary amino groups, and (d) excess quantities of aromatic polyisocyanates.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 20, characterized in that hydrophobic polyoxypropylene polyols with oxyethylene contents of 20% or less are used as polyfunctional polyether polyols.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
42 words
The process of claim 1, wherein lignite dust and/or black peat is used as component (F) and wherein said foam-containing composition has a content of cationic or cation-forming groups of 50 to 750 milliequivalents per kg of components (A), (B) and (D).
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
58 words
The process of claim 1, characterized in that component (F) comprises a total of from 20 to 70% by weight of lignite dust and/or black peat and component (G) comprises no more than half the amount of component (F), and wherein component (G) is selected from the group consisting of mineral coal dust, activated carbon and/or inorganic fillers.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
127 words
A polyurethane(urea) composition in finely divided or particulate form having water-absorbability of from 33 to 97% by weight and containing (i) from 3 to 95% by weight of a synthetic resin foam in the form of particles, (ii) from 0 to 90% by weight of lignite and/or peat, and (iii) from 0 to 90% by weight of other organic and/or inorganic fillers wherein the total amount of components (i), (ii) and (iii) is from 5 to 95% by weight and wherein said percents by weight are based on the total moisture-free weight of said composition, and whereby the said foam absorbs the isocyanate and any added filler uniformly both on the external surfaces of the foam and on the internal surfaces of the cells of the foam.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
127 words
A polyurethane(urea) composition in finely divided or particulate form having water-absorbability of from 33 to 97% by weight and containing (i) from 3 to 95% by weight of a synthetic resin foam in the form of particles, (ii) from 0 to 90% by weight of lignite and/or peat, and (iii) from 0 to 90% by weight of other organic and/or inorganic fillers wherein the total amount of components (i), (ii) and (iii) is from 5 to 95% by weight and wherein said percents by weight are based on the total moisture-free weight of said composition, and whereby the said foam absorbs the isocyanate and any added filler uniformly both on the external surfaces of the foam and on the internal surfaces of the cells of the foam.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of claim 24, wherein component (i) is a polyurethane foam having a density of from 10 to 110 kg/m 3 .
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
20 words
The composition of claim 25, wherein component (ii) is present in an amount of from 1 to 90% by weight.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
38 words
The composition of claim 26 wherein said composition contains from 10 to 3000 milliequivalents of cationic groups or groups capable of cationic group formation per 1000 grams of composition excluding components (i), (ii) and (iii) and excluding moisture.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composition of claim 27, wherein said composition contains at least 5% by weight of component (i) and at least 5% by weight of component (ii).
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
10 words
The composition of claim 28 wherein component (ii) is lignite.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-03-29 | 1991-09-28 | 1992-03-29 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-03-29 | 1995-09-28 | 1996-03-29 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-03-29 | 1999-09-28 | 2000-03-29 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |