Patent US4701433A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4701433A
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Process for improving phosphorus-vanadium oxide and phosphorus-vanadium-co-metal oxide catalysts
Assignee: BP Corp North America Inc
•
Filing: 1986-08-26
•
Granted: 1987-10-20
•
Expires: 2006-08-26
Abstract
Abstract A process is disclosed for the improvement of a vanadium-phosphorus-oxygen catalyst or a vanadium-phosphorus-oxygen-co-metal catalyst suitable for use in the manufacture of maleic anhydride from butane, which process comprises applying in situ water and a phosphorus compound in an amount to partially deactivate a portion of the catalyst in a catalyst bed containing an exotherm of reaction which was present in the catalyst bed prior to the addition of the phosphorus compound, thereby moving the exotherm downstream into the catalyst bed and thus improving the catalyst. These catalysts are useful for the manufacture of maleic anhydride from butane feedstock.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert C. Edwards
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-07 01:17
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J23/00; B01J23/002; B01J27/00; B01J27/14; B01J27/186; B01J27/195; B01J27/198; B01J27/199; B01J2523/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 114
Claim 1
Independent Claim
164 words
A process for the improvement of a vanadium-phosphorus-oxygen catalyst having a phosphorus to vanadium atomic ratio of about 2:1 to about 0.8:1 which catalyst is present on a catalyst bed having a portion thereof containing an initial exotherm of reaction, said catalyst being suitable for use in the manufacture of maleic anhydride from a feed gas stream comprising C 4 hydrocarbons, benzene, or butane which process comprises: applying to the catalyst bed, simultaneously with introduction of said feed gas stream thereon, water and a phosphorus compound in an amount sufficient to initiate (a) deactivation of said portion of the catalyst containing the initial exotherm, and (b) formation of a new exotherm downstream in the catalyst bed from the initial exotherm, and thereafter reducing or discontinuing application of the phosphorus compound at a point in time when the initial exotherm portion of the catalyst bed is still undergoing deactivation, thereby allowing the partially deactivated exotherm portion to reactivate by producing a more isothermal catalyst bed.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
164 words
A process for the improvement of a vanadium-phosphorus-oxygen catalyst having a phosphorus to vanadium atomic ratio of about 2:1 to about 0.8:1 which catalyst is present on a catalyst bed having a portion thereof containing an initial exotherm of reaction, said catalyst being suitable for use in the manufacture of maleic anhydride from a feed gas stream comprising C 4 hydrocarbons, benzene, or butane which process comprises: applying to the catalyst bed, simultaneously with introduction of said feed gas stream thereon, water and a phosphorus compound in an amount sufficient to initiate (a) deactivation of said portion of the catalyst containing the initial exotherm, and (b) formation of a new exotherm downstream in the catalyst bed from the initial exotherm, and thereafter reducing or discontinuing application of the phosphorus compound at a point in time when the initial exotherm portion of the catalyst bed is still undergoing deactivation, thereby allowing the partially deactivated exotherm portion to reactivate by producing a more isothermal catalyst bed.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the feed gas is butane.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 2 wherein the catalyst bed has a temperature of about 300° to about 500° C.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 2 wherein the amount of the phosphorus compound added per day is about 0.005 up to about 5 grams per kilogram of the total catalyst in the catalyst bed.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process of claim 1 and claim 4 wherein the amount of water added is about 1000 to about 40,000 parts per million by weight based on the total weight of the feed gas stream.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 2 wherein the organophosphorus compound is an alkyl ester of orthophosphoric acid.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
42 words
The process of claim 5 wherein the alkyl ester of orthophosphoric acid has the following structure: (RO).sub.3 P=O wherein R is hydrogen or a C 1 to C 4 alkyl, at least one R being a C 1 to C 4 alkyl.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 7 wherein the alkyl ester is triethylphosphate.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 7 wherein the alkyl ester is trimethylphosphate.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
37 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the organophosphorus compound is selected from the group consisting of: ##STR2## wherein R is phenyl or an alkyl radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and X is H or R.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
165 words
A process for the improvement of a vanadium-phosphorus-oxygen co-metal catalyst having a phosphorus to vandium atomic ratio of about 2:1 to about 0.8:1 which catalyst is present on a catalyst bed having a portion thereof containing an initial exotherm of reaction, said catalyst being suitable for use in the manufacture of maleic anhydride from a feed gas stream comprising C 4 hydrocarbons, benzene, or butane which process comprises: applying to the catalyst bed, simultaneously with introduction of said feed gas stream thereon, water and a phosphorus compound in an amount sufficient to initiate (a) deactivation of said portion of the catalyst containing the initial exotherm, and (b) formation of a new exotherm downstream in the catalyst bed from the initial exotherm, and thereafter reducing or discontinuing application of the phosphorus compound at a point in time when the initial exotherm portion of the catalyst bed is still undergoing deactivation, thereby allowing the partially deactivated exotherm portion to reactivate by producing a more isothermal catalyst bed.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
165 words
A process for the improvement of a vanadium-phosphorus-oxygen co-metal catalyst having a phosphorus to vandium atomic ratio of about 2:1 to about 0.8:1 which catalyst is present on a catalyst bed having a portion thereof containing an initial exotherm of reaction, said catalyst being suitable for use in the manufacture of maleic anhydride from a feed gas stream comprising C 4 hydrocarbons, benzene, or butane which process comprises: applying to the catalyst bed, simultaneously with introduction of said feed gas stream thereon, water and a phosphorus compound in an amount sufficient to initiate (a) deactivation of said portion of the catalyst containing the initial exotherm, and (b) formation of a new exotherm downstream in the catalyst bed from the initial exotherm, and thereafter reducing or discontinuing application of the phosphorus compound at a point in time when the initial exotherm portion of the catalyst bed is still undergoing deactivation, thereby allowing the partially deactivated exotherm portion to reactivate by producing a more isothermal catalyst bed.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 11 wherein the catalyst bed has a temperature of about 300° to about 500° C.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 11 wherein the amount of the phosphorus compound added per day is about 0.005 up to about 5 grams per kilogram of the total catalyst in the catalyst bed.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 11 wherein the organophosphorus compound is an alkyl ester of orthophosphoric acid.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
42 words
The process of claim 14 wherein the alkyl ester of orthophosphoric acid has the following structure: (RO).sub.3 P=O wherein R is hydrogen or a C 1 to C 4 alkyl, at least one R being a C 1 to C 4 alkyl.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 15 wherein the alkyl ester of orthophosphoric acid is triethylphosphate.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 15 wherein the alkyl ester of orthophosphoric acid is trimethylphosphate.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
36 words
The process of claim 11 wherein the organophosphorus compound is selected from the group consisting of: ##STR3## wherein R is phenyl or alkyl radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and X is H or R.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
164 words
A process for the improvement of a vanadium-phosphorus-zinc-oxygen catalyst having a phosphorus to vanadium atomic ratio of about 2:1 to about 0.8:1 which catalyst is present on a catalyst bed having a portion thereof containing an initial exotherm of reaction, said catalyst being suitable for use in the manufacture of maleic anhydride from a feed gas stream comprising C 4 hydrocarbons, benzene, or butane which process comprises: applying to the catalyst bed, simultaneously with introduction of said feed gas stream thereon, water and a phosphorus compound in an amount sufficient to initiate (a) deactivation of said portion of the catalyst containing the initial exotherm, and (b) formation of a new exotherm downstream in the catalyst bed from the initial exotherm, and thereafter reducing or discontinuing application of the phosphorus compound at a point in time when the initial exotherm portion of the catalyst bed is still undergoing deactivation, thereby allowing the partially deactivated exotherm portion to reactivate by producing a more isothermal catalyst bed.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
164 words
A process for the improvement of a vanadium-phosphorus-zinc-oxygen catalyst having a phosphorus to vanadium atomic ratio of about 2:1 to about 0.8:1 which catalyst is present on a catalyst bed having a portion thereof containing an initial exotherm of reaction, said catalyst being suitable for use in the manufacture of maleic anhydride from a feed gas stream comprising C 4 hydrocarbons, benzene, or butane which process comprises: applying to the catalyst bed, simultaneously with introduction of said feed gas stream thereon, water and a phosphorus compound in an amount sufficient to initiate (a) deactivation of said portion of the catalyst containing the initial exotherm, and (b) formation of a new exotherm downstream in the catalyst bed from the initial exotherm, and thereafter reducing or discontinuing application of the phosphorus compound at a point in time when the initial exotherm portion of the catalyst bed is still undergoing deactivation, thereby allowing the partially deactivated exotherm portion to reactivate by producing a more isothermal catalyst bed.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 19 wherein the catalyst bed has a temperature of about 300° to about 500° C.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 19 wherein the amount of the phosphorus compound added per day is about 0.005 up to about 5 grams per kilogram of the total catalyst in the catalyst bed.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 19 wherein the organophosphorus compound is an alkyl ester of orthophosphoric acid.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
42 words
The process of claim 22 wherein the alkyl ester of orthophosphoric acid has the following structure: (RO).sub.3 P=O wherein R is hydrogen or a C 1 to C 4 alkyl, at least one R being a C 1 to C 4 alkyl.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 23 wherein the alkyl ester of orthophosphoric acid is triethylphosphate.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 23 wherein the alkyl ester of orthophosphoric acid is trimethylphosphate.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
37 words
The process of claim 19 wherein the organophosphorus compound is selected from the group consisting of: ##STR4## wherein R is phenyl or an alkyl radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and X is H or R.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
164 words
A process for the improvement of a vanadium-phosphorus-molybdenum-oxygen catalyst having a phosphorus to vanadium atomic ratio of about 2:1 to about 0.8:1 which catalyst is present on a catalyst bed having a portion thereof containing an initial exotherm of reaction, said catalyst being suitable for use in the manufacture of maleic anhydride from a feed gas stream comprising C 4 hydrocarbons, benzene, or butane which process comprises: applying to the catalyst bed, simultaneously with introduction of said feed gas stream thereon, water and a phosphorus compound in an amount sufficient to initiate (a) deactivation of said portion of the catalyst containing the initial exotherm, and (b) formation of a new exotherm downstream in the catalyst bed from the initial exotherm, and thereafter reducing or discontinuing application of the phosphorus compound at a point in time when the initial exotherm portion of the catalyst bed is still undergoing deactivation, thereby allowing the partially deactivated exotherm portion to reactivate by producing a more isothermal catalyst bed.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
164 words
A process for the improvement of a vanadium-phosphorus-molybdenum-oxygen catalyst having a phosphorus to vanadium atomic ratio of about 2:1 to about 0.8:1 which catalyst is present on a catalyst bed having a portion thereof containing an initial exotherm of reaction, said catalyst being suitable for use in the manufacture of maleic anhydride from a feed gas stream comprising C 4 hydrocarbons, benzene, or butane which process comprises: applying to the catalyst bed, simultaneously with introduction of said feed gas stream thereon, water and a phosphorus compound in an amount sufficient to initiate (a) deactivation of said portion of the catalyst containing the initial exotherm, and (b) formation of a new exotherm downstream in the catalyst bed from the initial exotherm, and thereafter reducing or discontinuing application of the phosphorus compound at a point in time when the initial exotherm portion of the catalyst bed is still undergoing deactivation, thereby allowing the partially deactivated exotherm portion to reactivate by producing a more isothermal catalyst bed.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 27 wherein the catalyst bed has a temperature of about 300°to about 500° C.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 26 wherein the amount of the phosphorus compound added per day is about 0.005 up to about 5 grams per kilogram of the total catalyst in the catalyst bed.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 27 wherein the organophosphorus compound is an alkyl ester of orthophosphoric acid.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
42 words
The process of claim 30 wherein the alkyl ester of orthophosphoric acid has the following structure: (RO).sub.3 P=O wherein R is hydrogen or a C 1 to C 4 alkyl, at least one R being a C 1 to C 4 alkyl.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 31 wherein the alkyl ester of orthophosphoric acid is triethylphosphate.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 31 wherein the alkyl ester of orthophosphoric acid is trimethylphosphate.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
37 words
The process of claim 27 wherein the organophosphorus compound is selected from the group consisting of: ##STR5## wherein R is phenyl or an alkyl radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and X is H or R.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
173 words
A process for the improvement of a vanadium-phosphorus-oxygen catalyst having a phosphorus to vanadium atomic ratio of about 2:1 to about 0.8:1 which catalyst is present on a catalyst bed having a portion thereof containing an initial exotherm of reaction, said catalyst being suitable for use in the manufacture of maleic anhydride from a feed gas stream comprising C 4 hydrocarbons, benzene or butane which process comprises: applying to the catalyst bed, simultaneously with introduction of said feed gas stream thereon, water and a phosphorus compound in an amount sufficient to initiate (a) deactivation of said portion of the catalyst containing the initial exotherm and (b) formation of a new exotherm downstream in the catalyst bed from the initial exotherm, and thereafter, at such time that the initial exotherm portion of the catalyst bed is still undergoing deactivation, reducing the ratio of the amount of phosphorus compound to the amount of water being applied to the bed thereby allowing the partially deactivated exotherm portion to reactivate by producing a more isothermal catalyst bed.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
173 words
A process for the improvement of a vanadium-phosphorus-oxygen catalyst having a phosphorus to vanadium atomic ratio of about 2:1 to about 0.8:1 which catalyst is present on a catalyst bed having a portion thereof containing an initial exotherm of reaction, said catalyst being suitable for use in the manufacture of maleic anhydride from a feed gas stream comprising C 4 hydrocarbons, benzene or butane which process comprises: applying to the catalyst bed, simultaneously with introduction of said feed gas stream thereon, water and a phosphorus compound in an amount sufficient to initiate (a) deactivation of said portion of the catalyst containing the initial exotherm and (b) formation of a new exotherm downstream in the catalyst bed from the initial exotherm, and thereafter, at such time that the initial exotherm portion of the catalyst bed is still undergoing deactivation, reducing the ratio of the amount of phosphorus compound to the amount of water being applied to the bed thereby allowing the partially deactivated exotherm portion to reactivate by producing a more isothermal catalyst bed.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
42 words
The process of claim 35 wherein said reduction of the ratio of the amount of phosphorus compound to the amount of water being applied to the catalyst bed is brought about by increasing the amount of water applied to the catalyst bed.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 35 wherein the catalyst bed has a temperature of about 300° to about 500° C.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 35 wherein the amount of the phosphorus compound added per day is about 0.005 up to about 5 grams per kilogram of the total catalyst in the catalyst bed.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 35 wherein the organophosphorus compound is an alkyl ester of orthophosphoric acid.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
43 words
The process of claim 35 wherein the alkyl ester of orthophosphoric acid has the following structure: (RO).sub.3 P=O wherein R is a hydrogen or a C 1 to C 4 alkyl, at least one R being a C 1 to C 4 alkyl.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 40 wherein the alkyl ester is triethylphosphate.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 40 wherein the alkyl ester is trimethylphosphate.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
37 words
The process of claim 35 wherein the organo-phosphorus compound is selected from the group consisting of: ##STR6## wherein R is phenyl or an alkyl radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and X is H or R.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
172 words
A process for the improvement of a vanadium-phosphorus-oxygen-co-metal catalyst having a phosphorus to vanadium atomic ratio of about 2:1 to about 0.8:1 which catalyst is present on a catalyst bed having a portion thereof containing an initial exotherm of reaction, said catalyst being suitable for use in the manufacture of maleic anhydride from a feed gas stream comprising C 4 hydrocarbons, benzene or butane which process comprises: applying to the catalyst bed, simultaneously with introduction of said feed gas stream thereon, water and a phosphorus compound in an amount sufficient to initiate (a) deactivation of said portion of the catalyst containing the initial exotherm and (b) formation of a new exotherm downstream in the catalyst bed from the initial exotherm, and thereafter, at such time that the initial exotherm portion of the catalyst bed is still undergoing deactivation, reducing the ratio of the amount of phosphorus compound to the amount of water being applied to the bed thereby allowing the partially deactivated exotherm portion to reactivate producing a more isothermal catalyst bed.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
172 words
A process for the improvement of a vanadium-phosphorus-oxygen-co-metal catalyst having a phosphorus to vanadium atomic ratio of about 2:1 to about 0.8:1 which catalyst is present on a catalyst bed having a portion thereof containing an initial exotherm of reaction, said catalyst being suitable for use in the manufacture of maleic anhydride from a feed gas stream comprising C 4 hydrocarbons, benzene or butane which process comprises: applying to the catalyst bed, simultaneously with introduction of said feed gas stream thereon, water and a phosphorus compound in an amount sufficient to initiate (a) deactivation of said portion of the catalyst containing the initial exotherm and (b) formation of a new exotherm downstream in the catalyst bed from the initial exotherm, and thereafter, at such time that the initial exotherm portion of the catalyst bed is still undergoing deactivation, reducing the ratio of the amount of phosphorus compound to the amount of water being applied to the bed thereby allowing the partially deactivated exotherm portion to reactivate producing a more isothermal catalyst bed.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 44 wherein the catalyst bed has a temperature of about 300° to about 500° C.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 44 wherein the amount of the phosphorus compound added per day is about 0.005 up to about 5 grams per kilogram of the total catalyst in the catalyst bed.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 44 wherein the organophosphorus compound is an alkyl ester of orthophosphoric acid.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
43 words
The process of claim 44 wherein the alkyl ester of orthophosphoric acid has the following structure: (RO).sub.3 P=O wherein R is a hydrogen or a C 1 to C 4 alkyl, at least one R being a C 1 to C 4 alkyl.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 48 wherein the alkyl ester is triethylphosphate.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 48 wherein the alkyl ester is trimethylphosphate.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
37 words
The process of claim 44 wherein the organophosphorus compound is selected from the group consisting of: ##STR7## wherein R is phenyl or an alkyl radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and X is H or R.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
42 words
The process of claim 44 wherein said reduction of the ratio of the amount of phosphorous to the amount of water being applied to the catalyst bed is brought about by increasing the amount of water being applied to the catalyst bed.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
173 words
A process for the improvement of a vanadium-phosphorus-zinc-oxygen catalyst having a phosphorus to vanadium atomic ratio of about 2:1 to about 0.8:1 which catalyst is present on a catalyst bed having a portion thereof containing an initial exotherm of reaction, said catalyst being suitable for use in the manufacture of maleic anhydride from a fed gas stream comprising C 4 hydrocarbons, benzene or butane which process comprises: applying to the catalyst bed, simultaneously with introduction of said feed gas stream thereon, water and a phosphorus compound in an amount sufficient to initiate (a) deactivation of said portion of the catalyst containing the initial exotherm and (b) formation of a new exotherm downstream in the catalyst bed from the initial exotherm, and thereafter, at such time that the initial exotherm portion of the catalyst bed is still undergoing deactivation, reducing the ratio of the amount of phosphorus compound to the amount of water being applied to the bed thereby allowing the partially deactivated exotherm portion to reactivate by producing a more isothermal catalyst bed.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
173 words
A process for the improvement of a vanadium-phosphorus-zinc-oxygen catalyst having a phosphorus to vanadium atomic ratio of about 2:1 to about 0.8:1 which catalyst is present on a catalyst bed having a portion thereof containing an initial exotherm of reaction, said catalyst being suitable for use in the manufacture of maleic anhydride from a fed gas stream comprising C 4 hydrocarbons, benzene or butane which process comprises: applying to the catalyst bed, simultaneously with introduction of said feed gas stream thereon, water and a phosphorus compound in an amount sufficient to initiate (a) deactivation of said portion of the catalyst containing the initial exotherm and (b) formation of a new exotherm downstream in the catalyst bed from the initial exotherm, and thereafter, at such time that the initial exotherm portion of the catalyst bed is still undergoing deactivation, reducing the ratio of the amount of phosphorus compound to the amount of water being applied to the bed thereby allowing the partially deactivated exotherm portion to reactivate by producing a more isothermal catalyst bed.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 53 wherein the catalyst bed has a temperature of about 300° to about 500° C.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 53 wherein the amount of the phosphorus compound added per day is about 0.005 up to about 5 grams per kilogram of the total catalyst in the catalyst bed.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 53 wherein the organophosphorus compound is an alkyl ester of orthophosphoric acid.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
43 words
The process of claim 53 wherein the alkyl ester of orthophosphoric acid has the following structure: (RO).sub.3 P=O wherein R is a hydrogen or a C 1 to C 4 alkyl, at least one R being a C 1 to C 4 alkyl.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 57 wherein the alkyl ester is triethylphosphate.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 57 wherein the alkyl ester is trimethylphosphate.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
37 words
The process of claim 53 wherein the organophosphorus compound is selected from the group consisting of: ##STR8## wherein R is phenyl or an alkyl radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and X is H or R.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
42 words
The process of claim 53 wherein said reduction of the ratio of the amount of phosphorous to the amount of water being applied to the catalyst bed is brought about by increasing the amount of water being applied to the catalyst bed.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 53 wherein the catalyst bed has a temperature of about 300° to about 500° C.
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 53 wherein the amount of the phosphorus compound added per day is about 0.005 up to about 5 grams per kilogram of the total catalyst in the catalyst bed.
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 53 wherein the organophosphorus compound is an alkyl ester of orthophosphoric acid.
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
43 words
The process of claim 53 wherein the alkyl ester of orthophosphoric acid has the following structure: (RO).sub.3 P=O wherein R is a hydrogen or a C 1 to C 4 alkyl, at least one R being a C 1 to C 4 alkyl.
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 65 wherein the alkyl ester is triethylphosphate.
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 65 wherein the alkyl ester is trimethylphosphate.
Claim 75
Dependent Claim
37 words
The process of claim 53 wherein the organo-phosphorus compound is selected from the group consisting of: ##STR9## wherein R is phenyl or an alkyl radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and X is H or R.
Claim 76
Dependent Claim
173 words
A process for the improvement of a vanadium-phosphorous-molybdenum-oxygen catalyst having a phosphorus to vanadium atomic ratio of about 2:1 to about 0.8:1 which catalyst is present on a catalyst bed having a portion thereof containing an initial exotherm of reaction, said catalyst being suitable for use in the manufacture of maleic anhydride from a feed gas stream comprising C 4 hydrocarbons, benzene or butane which process comprises: applying to the catalyst bed, simultaneously with introduction of said feed gas stream thereon, water and a phosphorus compound in an amount sufficient to initiate (a) deactivation of said portion of the catalyst containing the initial exotherm and (b) formation of a new exotherm downstream in the catalyst bed from the initial exotherm, and thereafter, at such time that the initial exotherm portion of the catalyst bed is still undergoing deactivation, reducing the ratio of the amount of phosphorus compound to the amount of water being applied to the bed thereby allowing the partially deactivated exotherm portion to reactivate by producing a more isothermal catalyst bed.
Claim 77
Dependent Claim
173 words
A process for the improvement of a vanadium-phosphorous-molybdenum-oxygen catalyst having a phosphorus to vanadium atomic ratio of about 2:1 to about 0.8:1 which catalyst is present on a catalyst bed having a portion thereof containing an initial exotherm of reaction, said catalyst being suitable for use in the manufacture of maleic anhydride from a feed gas stream comprising C 4 hydrocarbons, benzene or butane which process comprises: applying to the catalyst bed, simultaneously with introduction of said feed gas stream thereon, water and a phosphorus compound in an amount sufficient to initiate (a) deactivation of said portion of the catalyst containing the initial exotherm and (b) formation of a new exotherm downstream in the catalyst bed from the initial exotherm, and thereafter, at such time that the initial exotherm portion of the catalyst bed is still undergoing deactivation, reducing the ratio of the amount of phosphorus compound to the amount of water being applied to the bed thereby allowing the partially deactivated exotherm portion to reactivate by producing a more isothermal catalyst bed.
Claim 78
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 69 wherein the catalyst bed has a temperature of about 300° to about 500° C.
Claim 79
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 69 wherein the amount of the phosphorus compound added per day is about 0.005 up to about 5 grams per kilogram of the total catalyst in the catalyst bed.
Claim 80
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 69 wherein the organophosphorus compound is an alkyl ester of orthophosphoric acid.
Claim 81
Dependent Claim
43 words
The process of claim 69 wherein the alkyl ester of orthophosphoric acid has the following structure: (RO).sub.3 P=O wherein R is a hydrogen or a C 1 to C 4 alkyl, at least one R being a C 1 to C 4 alkyl.
Claim 82
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 73 wherein the alkyl ester is triethylphosphate.
Claim 83
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 73 wherein the alkyl ester is trimethylphosphate.
Claim 84
Dependent Claim
37 words
The process of claim 59 wherein the organophosphorus compound is selected from the group consisting of: ##STR10## wherein R is phenyl or an alkyl radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and X is H or R.
Claim 85
Dependent Claim
42 words
The process of claim 64 wherein said reduction of the ratio of the amount of phosphorous to the amount of water being applied to the catalyst bed is brought about by increasing the amount of water being applied to the catalyst bed.
Claim 86
Dependent Claim
167 words
A process for the improvement of a vanadium-phosphorus-oxygen catalyst having a phosphorus to vanadium atomic ratio of about 2:1 to about 0.8:1, which catalyst is present in a catalyst bed having a portion thereof containing an initial exotherm of reaction, said catalyst being suitable for use in the manufacture of maleic anhydride from a feed gas stream comprising C 4 hydrocarbons, benzene, or butane, which process comprises: applying to the catalyst bed, simultaneously with introduction of said feed gas stream thereon, water and a phosphorus compound in an amount sufficient to initiate (a) deactivation of said portion of the catalyst bed containing the initial exotherm and (b) formation of a new exotherm downstream in the catalyst bed from the initial exotherm, and thereafter, at such time that the initial exotherm portion of the catalyst bed is still undergoing deactivation, discontinuing application of the phosphorus compound while allowing the water application to continue, thereby allowing the partially deactivated exotherm to reactivate by producing a more isothermal catalyst bed.
Claim 87
Dependent Claim
167 words
A process for the improvement of a vanadium-phosphorus-oxygen catalyst having a phosphorus to vanadium atomic ratio of about 2:1 to about 0.8:1, which catalyst is present in a catalyst bed having a portion thereof containing an initial exotherm of reaction, said catalyst being suitable for use in the manufacture of maleic anhydride from a feed gas stream comprising C 4 hydrocarbons, benzene, or butane, which process comprises: applying to the catalyst bed, simultaneously with introduction of said feed gas stream thereon, water and a phosphorus compound in an amount sufficient to initiate (a) deactivation of said portion of the catalyst bed containing the initial exotherm and (b) formation of a new exotherm downstream in the catalyst bed from the initial exotherm, and thereafter, at such time that the initial exotherm portion of the catalyst bed is still undergoing deactivation, discontinuing application of the phosphorus compound while allowing the water application to continue, thereby allowing the partially deactivated exotherm to reactivate by producing a more isothermal catalyst bed.
Claim 88
Dependent Claim
167 words
A process for the improvement of a vanadium-phosphorus-oxygen-co-metal catalyst having a phosphorus to vanadium atomic ratio of about 2:1 to about 0.8:1, which catalyst is present in a catalyst bed having a portion thereof containing an initial exotherm of reaction, said catalyst being suitable for use in the manufacture of maleic anhydride from a feed gas stream comprising C 4 hydrocarbons, benzene, or butane, which process comprises: applying to the catalyst bed, simultaneously with introduction of said feed gas stream thereon, water and a phosphorus compound in an amount sufficient to initiate (a) deactivation of said portion of the catalyst bed containing the initial exotherm and (b) formation of a new exotherm downstream in the catalyst bed from the initial exotherm, and thereafter, at such time that the initial exotherm portion of the catalyst bed is still undergoing deactivation, discontinuing application of the phosphorus compound while allowing the water application to continue, thereby allowing the partially deactivated exotherm to reactivate by producing a more isothermal catalyst bed.
Claim 89
Dependent Claim
167 words
A process for the improvement of a vanadium-phosphorus-oxygen-co-metal catalyst having a phosphorus to vanadium atomic ratio of about 2:1 to about 0.8:1, which catalyst is present in a catalyst bed having a portion thereof containing an initial exotherm of reaction, said catalyst being suitable for use in the manufacture of maleic anhydride from a feed gas stream comprising C 4 hydrocarbons, benzene, or butane, which process comprises: applying to the catalyst bed, simultaneously with introduction of said feed gas stream thereon, water and a phosphorus compound in an amount sufficient to initiate (a) deactivation of said portion of the catalyst bed containing the initial exotherm and (b) formation of a new exotherm downstream in the catalyst bed from the initial exotherm, and thereafter, at such time that the initial exotherm portion of the catalyst bed is still undergoing deactivation, discontinuing application of the phosphorus compound while allowing the water application to continue, thereby allowing the partially deactivated exotherm to reactivate by producing a more isothermal catalyst bed.
Claim 90
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 79 wherein the catalyst bed has a temperature of about 300° to about 500° C.
Claim 91
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 79 wherein the amount of the phosphorus compound added per day is about 0.005 up to about 5 grams per kilogram of the total catalyst in the catalyst bed.
Claim 92
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 79 wherein the organophosphorus compound is an alkyl ester of orthophosphoric acid.
Claim 93
Dependent Claim
43 words
The process of claim 79 wherein th alkyl ester of orthophosphoric acid has the following structure: (RO).sub.3 P=O wherein R is a hydrogen or a C 1 to C 4 alkyl, at least one R being a C 1 to C 4 alkyl.
Claim 94
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 83 wherein the alkyl ester is triethylphosphate.
Claim 95
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 83 wherein the alkyl ester is trimethylphosphate.
Claim 96
Dependent Claim
37 words
The process of claim 79 wherein the organo-phosphorus compound is selected from the group consisting of: ##STR11## wherein R is phenyl or an alkyl radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and X is H or R.
Claim 97
Dependent Claim
167 words
A process for the improvement of a vanadium-phosphorus-zinc-oxygen catalyst having a phosphorus to vanadium atomic ratio of about 2:1 to about 0.8:1, which catalyst is present in a catalyst bed having a portion thereof containing an initial exotherm of reaction, said catalyst being suitable for use in the manufacture of maleic anhydride from a feed gas stream comprising C 4 hydrocarbons, benzene, or butane, which process comprises: applying to the catalyst bed, simultaneously with introduction of said feed gas stream thereon, water and a phosphorus compound in an amount sufficient to initiate (a) deactivation of said portion of the catalyst bed containing the initial exotherm and (b) formation of a new exotherm downstream in the catalyst bed from the initial exotherm, and thereafter, at such time that the initial exotherm portion of the catalyst bed is still undergoing deactivation, discontinuing application of the phosphorus compound while allowing the water application to continue, thereby allowing the partially deactivated exotherm to reactivate by producing a more isothermal catalyst bed.
Claim 98
Dependent Claim
167 words
A process for the improvement of a vanadium-phosphorus-zinc-oxygen catalyst having a phosphorus to vanadium atomic ratio of about 2:1 to about 0.8:1, which catalyst is present in a catalyst bed having a portion thereof containing an initial exotherm of reaction, said catalyst being suitable for use in the manufacture of maleic anhydride from a feed gas stream comprising C 4 hydrocarbons, benzene, or butane, which process comprises: applying to the catalyst bed, simultaneously with introduction of said feed gas stream thereon, water and a phosphorus compound in an amount sufficient to initiate (a) deactivation of said portion of the catalyst bed containing the initial exotherm and (b) formation of a new exotherm downstream in the catalyst bed from the initial exotherm, and thereafter, at such time that the initial exotherm portion of the catalyst bed is still undergoing deactivation, discontinuing application of the phosphorus compound while allowing the water application to continue, thereby allowing the partially deactivated exotherm to reactivate by producing a more isothermal catalyst bed.
Claim 99
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 87 wherein the catalyst bed has a temperature of about 300° to about 500° C.
Claim 100
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 87 wherein the amount of the phosphorus compound added per day is about 0.005 up to about 5 grams per kilogram of the total catalyst in the catalyst bed.
Claim 101
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 87 wherein the organophosphorus compound is an alkyl ester of orthophosphoric acid.
Claim 102
Dependent Claim
43 words
The process of claim 87 wherein the alkyl ester of orthophosphoric acid has the following structure: (RO).sub.3 P=O wherein R is a hydrogen or a C 1 to C 4 alkyl, at least one R being a C 1 to C 4 alkyl.
Claim 103
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 91 wherein the alkyl ester is triethylphosphate.
Claim 104
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 91 wherein the alkyl ester is trimethylphosphate.
Claim 105
Dependent Claim
37 words
The process of claim 87 wherein the organo-phosphorus compound is selected from the group consisting of: ##STR12## wherein R is phenyl or an alkyl radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and X is H or R.
Claim 106
Dependent Claim
167 words
A process for the improvement of a vanadium-phosphorus-molybdenum-oxygen catalyst having a phosphorus to vanadium atomic ratio of about 2:1 to about 0.8:1, which catalyst is present in a catalyst bed having a portion thereof containing an initial exotherm of reaction, said catalyst being suitable for use in the manufacture of maleic anhydride from a feed gas stream comprising C 4 hydrocarbons, benzene, or butane, which process comprises: applying to the catalyst bed, simultaneously with introduction of said feed gas stream thereon, water and a phosphorus compound in an amount sufficient to initiate (a) deactivation of said portion of the catalyst bed containing the initial exotherm and (b) formation of a new exotherm downstream in the catalyst bed from the initial exotherm, and thereafter, at such time that the initial exotherm portion of the catalyst bed is still undergoing deactivation, discontinuing application of the phosphorus compound while allowing the water application to continue, thereby allowing the partially deactivated exotherm to reactivate by producing a more isothermal catalyst bed.
Claim 107
Dependent Claim
167 words
A process for the improvement of a vanadium-phosphorus-molybdenum-oxygen catalyst having a phosphorus to vanadium atomic ratio of about 2:1 to about 0.8:1, which catalyst is present in a catalyst bed having a portion thereof containing an initial exotherm of reaction, said catalyst being suitable for use in the manufacture of maleic anhydride from a feed gas stream comprising C 4 hydrocarbons, benzene, or butane, which process comprises: applying to the catalyst bed, simultaneously with introduction of said feed gas stream thereon, water and a phosphorus compound in an amount sufficient to initiate (a) deactivation of said portion of the catalyst bed containing the initial exotherm and (b) formation of a new exotherm downstream in the catalyst bed from the initial exotherm, and thereafter, at such time that the initial exotherm portion of the catalyst bed is still undergoing deactivation, discontinuing application of the phosphorus compound while allowing the water application to continue, thereby allowing the partially deactivated exotherm to reactivate by producing a more isothermal catalyst bed.
Claim 108
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 95 wherein the catalyst bed has a temperature of about 300° to about 500° C.
Claim 109
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 95 wherein the amount of the phosphorus compound added per day is about 0.005 up to about 5 grams per kilogram of the total catalyst in the catalyst bed.
Claim 110
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 95 wherein the organophosphorus compound is an alkyl ester of orthophosphoric acid.
Claim 111
Dependent Claim
43 words
The process of claim 95 wherein the alkyl ester of orthophosphoric acid has the following structure: (RO).sub.3 P=O wherein R is a hydrogen or a C 1 to C 4 alkyl, at least one R being a C 1 to C 4 alkyl.
Claim 112
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 99 wherein the alkyl ester is triethylphosphate.
Claim 113
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 99 wherein the alkyl ester is trimethylphosphate.
Claim 114
Dependent Claim
37 words
The process of claim 95 wherein the organo-phosphorus compound is selected from the group consisting of: ##STR13## wherein R is phenyl or an alkyl radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and X is H or R.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1990-10-19 | 1991-04-20 | 1991-10-20 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1994-10-19 | 1995-04-20 | 1995-10-20 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1998-10-19 | 1999-04-20 | 1999-10-20 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |