Patent US4689475A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4689475A
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Electrical devices containing conductive polymers
Assignee: Tyco International Ltd Bermuda
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Filing: 1985-10-15
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Granted: 1987-08-25
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Expires: 2005-10-15
Abstract
Abstract Electrical devices which comprise at least one metal electrode and a conductive polymer element in contact therewith, wherein the metal surface which contacts the conductive polymer has a roughened or otherwise treated surface to improve its adhesion to the conductive polymer. The metal electrode is preferably an electrodeposited foil. The conductive polymer preferably exhibits PTC behavior. The devices include heaters and circuit protection devices. The improved adhesion results in improved physical and electrical stability, and broadens the range of conductive polymer compositions which can be used in a number of important applications.
Inventors
- 👤 Lothar Kleiner
- 👤 Martin Matthiesen
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 10:47
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01C; H01C7/00; H01C7/02; B; B01; B01D; B01D35/00; B01D35/06; H01C1/00; H01C1/14; H01C1/1406; H01C7/027; F; F02; F02B; F02B3/00; F02B3/06
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 15
Claim 1
Independent Claim
69 words
An electrical device which comprises (1) an element composed of a conductive polymer, and (2) at least one metal electrode having a microrough surface which (i) is in direct physical contact with the conductive polymer element, and (ii) has irregularities which protrude from the surface by a distance of 0.1 to 100 microns and have at least one dimension parallel to the surface which is at most 100 microns.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
69 words
An electrical device which comprises (1) an element composed of a conductive polymer, and (2) at least one metal electrode having a microrough surface which (i) is in direct physical contact with the conductive polymer element, and (ii) has irregularities which protrude from the surface by a distance of 0.1 to 100 microns and have at least one dimension parallel to the surface which is at most 100 microns.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
17 words
A device according to claim 1 wherein the microrough surface has been formed by an electroplating process.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
14 words
A device according to claim 1 wherein the electrode comprises an electrodeposited metal foil.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
A device according to claim 1 wherein the electrode comprises an electrodeposited copper foil.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
22 words
A device according to claim 1 wherein the microrough surface consists essentially of nodules having a diameter of 0.1 to 10 microns.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
13 words
A device according to claim 1 wherein the conductive polymer exhibits PTC behavior.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
19 words
A device according to claim 6 wherein the polymeric component in the conductive polymer consists essentially of a polyolefin.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
19 words
A device according to claim 6 wherein the polymeric component in the conductive polymer consists essentially of a fluoropolymer.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
96 words
An electrical device which comprises (1) a laminar element which is composed of a conductive polymer exhibiting PTC behavior; (2) a first electrodeposited metal foil electrode having a surface which (i) is in direct physical contact with one surface of the conductive polymer element and (ii) consists essentially of nodules having a diameter of 0.1 to 10 microns, and (3) a second electrodeposited metal foil electrode having a surface which (i) is secured to the other surface of the conductive polymer element and (ii) consists essentially of nodules having a diameter of 0.1 to 10 microns.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
96 words
An electrical device which comprises (1) a laminar element which is composed of a conductive polymer exhibiting PTC behavior; (2) a first electrodeposited metal foil electrode having a surface which (i) is in direct physical contact with one surface of the conductive polymer element and (ii) consists essentially of nodules having a diameter of 0.1 to 10 microns, and (3) a second electrodeposited metal foil electrode having a surface which (i) is secured to the other surface of the conductive polymer element and (ii) consists essentially of nodules having a diameter of 0.1 to 10 microns.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
19 words
A device according to claim 9 wherein the polymeric component in the conductive polymer consists essentially of a polyolefin.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
13 words
A device according to claim 10 wherein the polyolefin is high density polyethylene.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
22 words
A device according to claim 9 which is a self-limiting heater having a total surface area of at least 1.0 sq. inch.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
19 words
A device according to claim 9 wherein the polymeric component in the conductive polymer consists essentially of a fluoropolymer.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1990-08-24 | 1991-02-23 | 1991-08-25 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1994-08-24 | 1995-02-23 | 1995-08-25 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1998-08-24 | 1999-02-23 | 1999-08-25 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |