US4620878A — Method of preparing polyorganosiloxane emulsions …

Claim 1

Independent Claim 142 words

A process for preparing a polyorganosiloxane emulsion of the oil-in-water type, said process comprising (A) forming a translucent oil concentrate by (1) mixing a polyorganosiloxane with at least one surfactant where said polyorganosiloxane contains at least one polar radical attached to silicon through Si--C or Si--O--C bonds or at least one silanol radical where said polyorganosiloxane is liquid at the temperature of mixing, and where at least one of said surfactants is insoluble in said polyorganosiloxane at the temperature of mixing; and (2) adding water to the polyorganosiloxane and surfactant mixture of step (1) where water is added in an amount sufficient to produce a translucent oil concentrate; and (B) forming a polyorganosiloxane emulsion of the oil-in-water by rapidly dispersing said translucent oil concentrate in water where the average particle size of said polyorganosiloxane in said emulsion is less than 0.14 micron.

Claim 2

Dependent Claim 142 words

A process for preparing a polyorganosiloxane emulsion of the oil-in-water type, said process comprising (A) forming a translucent oil concentrate by (1) mixing a polyorganosiloxane with at least one surfactant where said polyorganosiloxane contains at least one polar radical attached to silicon through Si--C or Si--O--C bonds or at least one silanol radical where said polyorganosiloxane is liquid at the temperature of mixing, and where at least one of said surfactants is insoluble in said polyorganosiloxane at the temperature of mixing; and (2) adding water to the polyorganosiloxane and surfactant mixture of step (1) where water is added in an amount sufficient to produce a translucent oil concentrate; and (B) forming a polyorganosiloxane emulsion of the oil-in-water by rapidly dispersing said translucent oil concentrate in water where the average particle size of said polyorganosiloxane in said emulsion is less than 0.14 micron.

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 14 words

A process as defined in claim 1 wherein said translucent oil concentrate is transparent.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 147 words

A process as defined in claim 1 wherein said polyorganosiloxane contains siloxane units of general formula R.sub.a Q.sub.b SiO.sub.(4-a-b)/2 and R.sub.c SiO.sub.(4-c)/2 wherein a is from 0 to 2; b is from 1 to 3; c is from 1 to 3; and the sum (a+b) is from 1 to 3; wherein R is a monovalent hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radical and Q is a polar radical attached to silicon through Si--C or Si--O--C bonds where Q contains at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of amines, amine salts, amides, carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid salts, carbinols, phenols, sulfonic acid salts, sulfate salts, phosphate acids, and phosphate acid salts or Q is a hydroxyl radical; and wherein said insoluble surfactant is present in an amount sufficient to provide at least one monomolecular layer of said insoluble surfactant for said polyorganosiloxane in said emulsion formed in step (B).

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 147 words

A process as defined in claim 2 wherein said polyorganosiloxane contains siloxane units of general formula R.sub.a Q.sub.b SiO.sub.(4-a-b)/2 and R.sub.c SiO.sub.(4-c)/2 wherein a is from 0 to 2; b is from 1 to 3; c is from 1 to 3; and the sum (a+b) is from 1 to 3; wherein R is a monovalent hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radical and Q is a polar radical attached to silicon through Si--C or Si--O--C bonds where Q contains at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of amines, amine salts, amides, carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid salts, carbinols, phenols, sulfonic acid salts, sulfate salts, phosphate acids, and phosphate acid salts or Q is a hydroxy radical; and wherein said insoluble surfactant is present in an amount sufficient to provide at least one monomolecular layer of said insoluble surfactant for said polyorganosiloxane in said emulsion formed in step (B).

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 71 words

A process as defined in claim 3 wherein said polyorganosiloxane is of the general formula R.sub.(3-d) Q.sub.d SiO(R.sub.2 SiO).sub.x (RQSiO).sub.y SiR.sub.(3-d') Q.sub.d' wherein d is 0, 1, 2, or 3; d' is 0, 1, 2, or 3; the sum (y+d+d') is greater than or equal to 1; and the sum (x+y) is less than about 500; and wherein R is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 1 to 18 carbon atoms.

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 71 words

A process as defined in claim 4 wherein said polyorganosiloxane is of the general formula R.sub.(3-d) Q.sub.d SiO(R.sub.2 SiO).sub.x (RQSiO).sub.y SiR.sub.(3-d') Q.sub.d' wherein d is 0, 1, 2, or 3; d' is 0, 1, 2, or 3; the sum (y+d+d') is greater than or equal to 1; and the sum (x+y) is less than about 500; and wherein R is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 1 to 18 carbon atoms.

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 37 words

A process as defined in claim 5 wherein both d and d' are 0, R is selected from the group consisting of methyl, phenyl, and vinyl radicals, and Q is attached to silicon through a Si--C bond.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 37 words

A process as defined in claim 6 wherein both d and d' are 0, R is selected from the group consisting of methyl, phenyl, and vinyl radicals, and Q is attached to silicon through a Si--C bond.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 126 words

A process as defined in claim 8 wherein said insoluble surfactant is present at a level of 10 to 200 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of said polyorganosiloxane; wherein said insoluble surfactant has a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value greater than about 8 and is selected from the group consisting of octylphenoxy polyethoxy ethanols, trimethylnonyl polyethylene glycol ethers, polyethylene glycol ethers of linear 11-15 carbon atom containing alcohols, ethoxylated tridecyl ethers, alkali metal salts of dialkyl sulfosuccinates, polyethoxylated quaternary salts, ethylene oxide condensation products of the primary fatty amines, alkoxylated siloxanes containing ethylene oxide units, and alkoxylated siloxanes containing ethylene oxide and propylene oxide units; and wherein said polyorganosiloxane contains from 1 to 15 molar percent of siloxane units which contain said polar radical Q.

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 49 words

A process as defined in claim 9 wherein said insoluble surfactant is present at a level of 20 to 40 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight polyorganosiloxane and wherein said polyorganosiloxane contains from 2 to 10 molar percent of siloxane units which contain said polar radical Q.

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 84 words

A process as defined in claim 8 wherein said polar radical Q is an amine radical of general formula --R'NHR.sup.2 where R' is a divalent linking group composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms; carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; or carbon, hydrogen, and sulfur atoms; where R' contains from 2 to 10 carbon atoms; and where R 2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms, alkyl radicals containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and the --CH 2 CH 2 NH 2 radical.

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 17 words

A process as defined in claim 8 wherein said polar radical Q contains an amine salt substituent.

Claim 14

Dependent Claim 90 words

A process as defied in claim 8 wherein said polar radical Q is an amide radical of general formula ##STR8## where R' is a divalent linking group composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms; carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; or carbon, hydrogen, and sulfur atoms; where R' contains from 2 to 10 carbon atoms; where R 3 is a monovalent alkyl radical containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and where R 4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl radicals containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and ##STR9##

Claim 15

Dependent Claim 72 words

A process as defined in claim 8 wherein said polar radical Q is a carbinol radical of general formula --R'O(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.e (C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O).sub.f H where R' is a divalent linking group composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms; carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; or carbon, hydrogen, and sulfur atoms; where R' contains from 2 to 10 carbon atoms; and where e and f are, independently, greater than or equal to 0.

Claim 16

Dependent Claim 54 words

A process as defined in claim 8 wherein said polar radical Q is a carboxylic acid radical of general formula --R'COOH where R' is a divalent linking group composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms; carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; or carbon, hydrogen, and sulfur atoms; and where R' contains 2 to 10 carbon atoms.

Claim 17

Dependent Claim 18 words

A process as defined in claim 8 wherein said polar radical Q contains a carboxylic acid salt substituent.

Claim 18

Dependent Claim 16 words

A process as defined in claim 8 wherein said polar radical Q contains a phenol substituent.

Claim 19

Dependent Claim 18 words

A process as defined in claim 8 wherein said polar radical Q contains a sulfonic acid salt substituent.

Claim 20

Dependent Claim 17 words

A process as defined in claim 8 wherein said polar radical Q contains a sulfate salt substituent.

Claim 21

Dependent Claim 17 words

A process as defined in claim 8 wherein said polar radical Q contains a phosphate acid substituent.

Claim 22

Dependent Claim 18 words

A process as defined in claim 8 wherein said polar radical Q contains a phosphate acid salt substituent.

Claim 23

Dependent Claim 16 words

A process as defined in claim 8 wherein said polar radical Q is a hydroxyl radical.

Claim 24

Dependent Claim 15 words

A polyorganosiloxane emulsion of the oil-in-water type as prepared by the process of claim 1.

Claim 25

Dependent Claim 15 words

A polyorganosiloxane emulsion of the oil-in-water type as prepared by the process of claim 2.

Claim 26

Dependent Claim 15 words

A polyorganosiloxane emulsion of the oil-in-water type as prepared by the process of claim 3.

Claim 27

Dependent Claim 15 words

A polyorganosiloxane emulsion of the oil-in-water type as prepared by the process of claim 4.

Claim 28

Dependent Claim 15 words

A polyorganosiloxane emulsion of the oil-in-water type as prepared by the process of claim 7.

Claim 29

Dependent Claim 15 words

A polyorganosiloxane emulsion of the oil-in-water type as prepared by the process of claim 8.

Claim 30

Dependent Claim 15 words

A polyorganosiloxane emulsion of the oil-in-water type as prepared by the process of claim 10.

Claim 31

Dependent Claim 130 words

A process for preparing a polyorganosiloxane emulsion of the oil-in-water type, said process comprising (A) forming a translucent oil concentrate by mixing a polyorganosiloxane, at least one surfactant, and water where said polyorganosiloxane contains at least one polar radical attached to Si through Si--C or Si--O--C bonds or at least one silanol radical, where said polyorganosiloxane is liquid at the temperature of mixing, where at least one of said surfactants is insoluble in said polyorganosiloxane at the temperature of mixing, and where water is present in an amount sufficient to produce a translucent oil concentrate; and (B) forming a polyorganosiloxane emulsion of the oil-in-water type by rapidly dispersing said translucent oil concentrate in water where the average particle size of said polyorganosiloxane in said emulsion is less than 0.14 micron.

Claim 32

Dependent Claim 130 words

A process for preparing a polyorganosiloxane emulsion of the oil-in-water type, said process comprising (A) forming a translucent oil concentrate by mixing a polyorganosiloxane, at least one surfactant, and water where said polyorganosiloxane contains at least one polar radical attached to Si through Si--C or Si--O--C bonds or at least one silanol radical, where said polyorganosiloxane is liquid at the temperature of mixing, where at least one of said surfactants is insoluble in said polyorganosiloxane at the temperature of mixing, and where water is present in an amount sufficient to produce a translucent oil concentrate; and (B) forming a polyorganosiloxane emulsion of the oil-in-water type by rapidly dispersing said translucent oil concentrate in water where the average particle size of said polyorganosiloxane in said emulsion is less than 0.14 micron.

Claim 33

Dependent Claim 14 words

A process as defined in claim 30 wherein said translucent oil concentrate is transparent.

Claim 34

Dependent Claim 147 words

A process as defined in claim 30 wherein said polyorganosiloxane contains siloxane units of general formula R.sub.a Q.sub.b SiO.sub.(4-a-b)/2 and R.sub.c SiO.sub.(4-c)/2 wherein a is from 0 to 2; b is from 1 to 3; c is from 1 to 3; and the sum (a+b) is from 1 to 3; wherein R is a monovalent hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radical and Q is a polar radical attached to silicon through Si--C or Si--O--C bonds where Q contains at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of amines, amine salts, amides, carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid salts, carbinols, phenols, sulfonic acid salts, sulfate salts, phosphate acids, and phosphate acid salts or Q is a hydroxyl radical; and wherein said insoluble surfactant is present in an amount sufficient to provide at least one monomolecular layer of said insoluble surfactant for said polyorganosiloxane in said emulsion formed in step (B).

Claim 35

Dependent Claim 147 words

A process as defined in claim 31 wherein said polyorganosiloxane contains siloxane units of general formula R.sub.a Q.sub.b SiO.sub.(4-a-b)/2 and R.sub.c SiO.sub.(4-c)/2 wherein a is from 0 to 2; b is from 1 to 3; c is from 1 to 3; and the sum (a+b) is from 1 to 3; wherein R is a monovalent hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radical and Q is a polar radical attached to silicon through Si--C or Si--O--C bonds where Q contains at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of amines, amine salts, amides, carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid salts, carbinols, phenols, sulfonic acid salts, sulfate salts, phosphate acids, and phosphate acid salts or Q is a hydroxyl radical; and wherein said insoluble surfactant is present in an amount sufficient to provide at least one monomolecular layer of said insoluble surfactant for said polyorganosiloxane in said emulsion formed in step (B).

Claim 36

Dependent Claim 49 words

A process as defined in claim 32 wherein said polyorganosiloxane is of general formula R.sub.3 Si(R.sub.2 SiO).sub.x (RQSiO).sub.y SiR.sub.3 wherein y is greater than or equal to 1 and the sum (x+y) is sufficiently small to allow for the rapid dispersion of the translucent oil concentrate in step (B).

Claim 37

Dependent Claim 49 words

A process as defined in claim 33 wherein said polyorganosiloxane is of general formula R.sub.3 Si(R.sub.2 SiO).sub.x (RQSiO).sub.y SiR.sub.3 wherein y is greater than or equal to 1 and the sum (x+y) is sufficiently small to allow for the rapid dispersion of the transparent oil concentrate in step (B).

Claim 38

Dependent Claim 151 words

A process as defined in claim 34 wherein R in said polyorganosiloxane is selected from the group consisting of methyl, phenyl, and vinyl radicals; wherein Q is attached to silicon through a Si--C bond; wherein said insoluble surfactant is present at a level of 10 to 200 parts by weight per 100 parts of said polyorganosiloxane; wherein said insoluble surfactant has a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value greater than 8 and is selected from the group consisting of octylphenoxy polyethoxy ethanols, trimethylnonyl polyethylene glycol ethers, polyethylene glycol ethers of linear 11-15 carbon atom containing alcohols, ethoxylated tridecyl ethers, alkali metal salts of dialkyl sulfosuccinates, polyethoxylated quaternary salts, ethylene oxide condensation products of the primary fatty amines, alkoxylated siloxanes containing ethylene oxide units and alkoxylated siloxanes containing ethylene oxide units and propylene oxide units; and wherein said polyorganosiloxane contains from 1 to 15 molar percent of siloxane units which contain said polar radical Q.

Claim 39

Dependent Claim 151 words

A process as defined in claim 35 wherein R in said polyorganosiloxane is selected from the group consisting of methyl, phenyl, and vinyl radicals; wherein Q is attached to silicon through a Si--C bond; wherein said insoluble surfactant is present at a level of 10 to 200 parts by weight per 100 parts of said polyorganosiloxane; wherein said insoluble surfactant has a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value greater than 8 and is selected from the group consisting of octylphenoxy polyethoxy ethanols, trimethylnonyl polyethylene glycol ethers, polyethylene glycol ethers of linear 11-15 carbon atom containing alcohols, ethoxylated tridecyl ethers, alkali metal salts of dialkyl sulfosuccinates, polyethoxylated quaternary salts, ethylene oxide condensation products of the primary fatty amines, alkoxylated siloxanes containing ethylene oxide units and alkoxylated siloxanes containing ethylene oxide units and propylene oxide units; and wherein said polyorganosiloxane contains from 1 to 15 molar percent of siloxane units which contain said polar radical Q.

Claim 40

Dependent Claim 82 words

A process as defined in claim 37 wherein said said insoluble surfactant is present at a level of 20 to 40 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight polyorganosiloxane; wherein said polyorganosiloxane contains from 2 to 10 molar percent of siloxane units which contain said polar radical Q; and wherein said polar radical Q is --CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 NHCH 2 CH 2 NH 2 or --CH 2 CH(CH 3 )CH 2 NHCH 2 CH 2 NH 2 .

Claim 41

Dependent Claim 57 words

A process as defined in claim 37 wherein said said insoluble surfactant is present at a level of 20 to 40 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight polyorganosiloxane; wherein said polyorganosiloxane contains from 2 to 10 molar percent of siloxane units which contain said polar radical Q; and wherein said polar radical Q is ##STR10##

Claim 42

Dependent Claim 93 words

A process as defined in claim 37 wherein said insoluble surfactant is present at a level of 20 to 40 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight polyorganosiloxane; wherein said polyorganosiloxane contains from 2 to 10 molar percent of siloxane units which contain said polar radical Q; and wherein said polar radical Q is --CH 2 CH 2 SCH 2 COOH or --CH 2 CH 2 SCH 2 COOX where X is selected from the group consisting of Na + , K + , Li + , and NH 4 + .

Claim 43

Dependent Claim 59 words

A process as defined in claim 37 wherein said said insoluble surfactant is present at a level of 20 to 40 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight polyorganosiloxane; wherein said polyorganosiloxane contains from 2 to 10 molar percent of siloxane units which contain said polar radical Q; and wherein said polar radical Q is a hydroxyl radical.

Claim 44

Dependent Claim 15 words

A polyorganosiloxane emulsion of the oil-in-water type as prepared by the process of claim 30.

Claim 45

Dependent Claim 15 words

A polyorganosiloxane emulsion of the oil-in-water type as prepared by the process of claim 31.

Claim 46

Dependent Claim 15 words

A polyorganosiloxane emulsion of the oil-in-water type as prepared by the process of claim 34.

Claim 47

Dependent Claim 15 words

A polyorganosiloxane emulsion of the oil-in-water type as prepared by the process of claim 35.

Claim 48

Dependent Claim 15 words

A polyorganosiloxane emulsion of the oil-in-water type as prepared by the process of claim 36.

Claim 49

Dependent Claim 15 words

A polyorganosiloxane emulsion of the oil-in-water type as prepared by the process of claim 37.

Claim 50

Dependent Claim 15 words

A polyorganosiloxane emulsion of the oil-in-water type as prepared by the process of claim 38.

Claim 51

Dependent Claim 15 words

A polyorganosiloxane emulsion of the oil-in-water type as prepared by the process of claim 39.

Claim 52

Dependent Claim 15 words

A polyorganosiloxane emulsion of the oil-in-water type as prepared by the process of claim 40.

Claim 53

Dependent Claim 15 words

A polyorganosiloxane emulsion of the oil-in-water type as prepared by the process of claim 41.

Claim 54

Dependent Claim 93 words

An oil concentrate comprising (A) a polyorganosiloxane which contains at least one polar radical attached to Si through Si--C or Si--O--C bonds or at least one silanol radical, (B) a surfactant which is insoluble in said polyorganosiloxane where said polyorganosiloxane and said surfactant form an opaque mixture, and (C) a sufficient amount of water to produce a translucent mixture; wherein said oil concentrate, when rapidly dispersed in water, will produce a polyorganosiloxane emulsion of the oil-in-water type with an average particle size of said polyorganosiloxane in said emulsion of less than 0.14 micron.

Claim 55

Dependent Claim 93 words

An oil concentrate comprising (A) a polyorganosiloxane which contains at least one polar radical attached to Si through Si--C or Si--O--C bonds or at least one silanol radical, (B) a surfactant which is insoluble in said polyorganosiloxane where said polyorganosiloxane and said surfactant form an opaque mixture, and (C) a sufficient amount of water to produce a translucent mixture; wherein said oil concentrate, when rapidly dispersed in water, will produce a polyorganosiloxane emulsion of the oil-in-water type with an average particle size of said polyorganosiloxane in said emulsion of less than 0.14 micron.

Claim 56

Dependent Claim 21 words

An oil concentrate as described in claim 52 wherein water is present in a mount sufficient to produce a transparent mixture.

Claim 57

Dependent Claim 148 words

An oil concentrate as defined in claim 52 wherein said polyorganosiloxane contains siloxane units of general formula R.sub.a Q.sub.b SiO.sub.(4-a-b)/2 and R.sub.c SiO.sub.(4-c)/2 wherein a is from 0 to 2; b is from 1 to 3; c is from 1 to 3; and the sum (a+b) is from 1 to 3; wherein R is a monovalent hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radical and Q is a polar radical attached to silicon through Si--C or Si--O--C bonds where Q contains at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of amines, amine salts, amides, carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid salts, carbinols, phenols, sulfonic acid salts, sulfate salts, phosphate acids, and phosphate acid salts or Q is a hydroxyl radical; and wherein said insoluble surfactant is present in an amount sufficient to provide at least one monomolecular layer of said insoluble surfactant for said polyorganosiloxane in said emulsion formed in step (B).

Claim 58

Dependent Claim 148 words

An oil concentrate as defined in claim 53 wherein said polyorganosiloxane contains siloxane units of general formula R.sub.a Q.sub.b SiO.sub.(4-a-b)/2 and R.sub.c SiO.sub.(4-c)/2 wherein a is from 0 to 2; b is from 1 to 3; c is from 1 to 3; and the sum (a+b) is from 1 to 3; wherein R is a monovalent hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radical and Q is a polar radical attached to silicon through Si--C or Si--O--C bonds where Q contains at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of amines, amine salts, amides, carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid salts, carbinols, phenols, sulfonic acid salts, sulfate salts, phosphate acids, and phosphate acid salts or Q is a hydroxyl radical; and wherein said insoluble surfactant is present in an amount sufficient to provide at least one monomolecular layer of said insoluble surfactant for said polyorganosiloxane in said emulsion formed in step (B).

Claim 59

Dependent Claim 73 words

An oil concentrate as defined in claim 54 wherein said polyorganosiloxane is of the general formula R.sub.(3-d) Q.sub.d SiO(R.sub.2 SiO).sub.x (RQSiO).sub.y SiR.sub.(3-d') Q.sub.d' wherein d is 0, 1, 2, or 3; d' is 0, 1, 2, or b 3; the sum (y+d+d') is greater than or equal to 1; and the sum (x+y) is less than about 500; and wherein R is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 1 to 18 carbon atoms.

Claim 60

Dependent Claim 50 words

An oil concentrate as defined in claim 54 wherein said polyorganosiloxane is of general formula R.sub.3 Si(R.sub.2 SiO).sub.x (RQSiO).sub.y SiR.sub.3 wherein y is greater than or equal to 1 and the sum (x+y) is sufficiently small to allow for the rapid dispersion of the translucent oil concentrate is step (B).

Claim 61

Dependent Claim 50 words

An oil concentrate as defined in claim 55 wherein said polyorganosiloxane is of general formula R.sub.3 Si(R.sub.2 SiO).sub.x (RQSiO).sub.y SiR.sub.3 wherein y is greater than or equal to 1 and the sum (x+y) is sufficiently small to allow for the rapid dispersion of the translucent oil concentrate is step (B).

Claim 62

Dependent Claim 127 words

An oil concentrate as defined in claim 57 wherein said insoluble surfactant is present at a level of 10 to 200 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of said polyorganosiloxane; wherein said insoluble surfactant has a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value greater than about 8 and is selected from the group consisting of octylphenoxy polyethoxy ethanols, trimethylnonyl polyethylene glycol ethers, polyethylene glycol ethers of linear 11-15 carbon atom containing alcohols, ethoxylated tridecyl ethers, alkali metal salts of dialkyl sulfosuccinates, polyethoxylated quaternary salts, ethylene oxide condensation products of the primary fatty amines, alkoxylated siloxanes containing ethylene oxide units, and alkoxylated siloxanes containing ethylene oxide and propylene oxide units; and wherein said polyorganosiloxane contains from 1 to 15 molar percent of siloxane units which contain said polar radical Q.

Claim 63

Dependent Claim 127 words

An oil concentrate as defined in claim 58 wherein said insoluble surfactant is present at a level of 10 to 200 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of said polyorganosiloxane; wherein said insoluble surfactant has a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value greater than about 8 and is selected from the group consisting of octylphenoxy polyethoxy ethanols, trimethylnonyl polyethylene glycol ethers, polyethylene glycol ethers of linear 11-15 carbon atom containing alcohols, ethoxylated tridecyl ethers, alkali metal salts of dialkyl sulfosuccinates, polyethoxylated quaternary salts, ethylene oxide condensation products of the primary fatty amines, alkoxylated siloxanes containing ethylene oxide units, and alkoxylated siloxanes containing ethylene oxide and propylene oxide units; and wherein said polyorganosiloxane contains from 1 to 15 molar percent of siloxane units which contain said polar radical Q.

Claim 64

Dependent Claim 85 words

An oil concentrate as defined in claim 60 wherein said polar radical Q is an amine radical of general formula --R'NHR.sup.2 where R' is a divalent linking group composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms; carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; or carbon, hydrogen, and sulfur atoms; where R' contains from 2 to 10 carbon atoms; and where R 2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms, alkyl radicals containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and the --CH 2 CH 2 NH 2 radical.

Claim 65

Dependent Claim 18 words

An oil concentrate as defined in claim 60 wherein said polar radical Q contains an amine salt substituent.

Claim 66

Dependent Claim 91 words

An oil concentrate as defined in claim 60 wherein said polar radical Q is an amide radical of general formula ##STR11## where R' is a divalent linking group composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms; carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; or carbon, hydrogen, and sulfur atoms; where R' contains from 2 to 10 carbon atoms; where R 3 is a monovalent alkyl radical containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and where R 4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl radicals containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and ##STR12##

Claim 67

Dependent Claim 73 words

An oil concentrate as defined in claim 60 wherein said polar radical Q is a carbinol radical of general formula --R'O(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.e (C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O).sub.f H where R' is a divalent linking group composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms; carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; or carbon, hydrogen, and sulfur atoms; where R' contains from 2 to 10 carbon atoms; and where e and f are independently, greater than or equal to 0.

Claim 68

Dependent Claim 55 words

An oil concentrate as defined in claim 60 wherein said polar radical Q is a carboxylic acid radical of general formula --R'COOH where R' is a divalent linking group composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms; carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; or carbon, hydrogen, and sulfur atoms; and where R' contains 2 to 10 carbon atoms.

Claim 69

Dependent Claim 19 words

An oil concentrate as defined in claim 60 wherein said polar radical Q contains a carboxylic acid salt substituent.

Claim 70

Dependent Claim 17 words

An oil concentrate as defined in claim 60 wherein said polar radical Q contains a phenol substituent.

Claim 71

Dependent Claim 19 words

An oil concentrate as defined in claim 60 wherein said polar radical Q contains a sulfonic acid salt substituent.

Claim 72

Dependent Claim 18 words

An oil concentrate as defined in claim 60 wherein said polar radical Q contains a sulfate salt substituent.

Claim 73

Dependent Claim 18 words

An oil concentrate as defined in claim 60 wherein said polar radical Q contains a phosphate acid substituent.

Claim 74

Dependent Claim 19 words

An oil concentrate as defined in claim 60 wherein said polar radical Q contains a phosphate acid salt substituent.

Claim 75

Dependent Claim 17 words

An oil concentrate as defined in claim 60 wherein said polar radical Q is a hydroxyl radical.

Claim 76

Dependent Claim 82 words

A polyorganosiloxane microemulsion of the oil-in-water type consisting essentially of (A) a polyorganosiloxane which contains at least one polar radical attached to Si through Si--C or Si--O--C bonds or at least one silanol radical, (B) a surfactant which is insoluble in said polyorganosiloxane, and (C) water wherein said polyorganosiloxane is the disperse phase and water is the continuous phase, wherein said polyorganosiloxane in said microemulsion has an average particle size of less than 0.14 microns and wherein said polyorganosiloxane microemulsion is transparent.

Claim 77

Dependent Claim 82 words

A polyorganosiloxane microemulsion of the oil-in-water type consisting essentially of (A) a polyorganosiloxane which contains at least one polar radical attached to Si through Si--C or Si--O--C bonds or at least one silanol radical, (B) a surfactant which is insoluble in said polyorganosiloxane, and (C) water wherein said polyorganosiloxane is the disperse phase and water is the continuous phase, wherein said polyorganosiloxane in said microemulsion has an average particle size of less than 0.14 microns and wherein said polyorganosiloxane microemulsion is transparent.

Claim 78

Dependent Claim 148 words

A polyorganosiloxane microemulsion as defined in claim 73 wherein said polyorganosiloxane contains siloxane units of general formula R.sub.a Q.sub.b SiO.sub.(4-a-b)/2 and R.sub.c SiO.sub.(4-c)/2 wherein a is from 0 to 2; b is from 1 to 3; c is from 1 to 3; and the sum (a+b) is from 1 to 3; wherein R is a monovalent hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radical and Q is a polar radical attached to silicon through Si--C or Si--O--C bonds where Q contains at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of amines, amine salts, amides, carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid salts, carbinols, phenols, sulfonic acid salts, sulfate salts, phosphate acids, and phosphate acid salts or Q is a hydroxyl radical; and wherein said insoluble surfactant is present in an amount sufficient to provide at least one monomolecular layer of said insoluble surfactant for said polyorganosiloxane in said emulsion formed in step (B).

Claim 79

Dependent Claim 72 words

A polyorganosiloxane microemulsion as defined in claim 74 wherein said polyorganosiloxane is of the general formula R.sub.(3-d) Q.sub.d SiO(R.sub.2 SiO).sub.x (RQSiO).sub.y SiR.sub.(3-d') Q.sub.d' wherein d is 0, 1, 2, or 3; d' is 0, 1, 2, or 3; the sum (y+d+d') is greater than or equal to 1; and the sum (x+y) is less than about 500; and wherein R is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 1 to 18 carbon atoms.

Claim 80

Dependent Claim 38 words

A polyorganosiloxane microemulsion as defined in claim 75 wherein both d and d' are 0, R is selected from the group consisting of methyl, phenyl, and vinyl radicals, and Q is attached to silicon through a Si--C bond.

Claim 81

Dependent Claim 127 words

A polyorganosiloxane microemulsion as defined in claim 76 wherein said insoluble surfactant is present at a level of 10 to 200 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of said polyorganosiloxane; wherein said insoluble surfactant has a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value greater than about 8 and is selected from the group consisting of octylphenoxy polyethoxy ethanols, trimethylnonyl polyethylene glycol ethers, polyethylene glycol ethers of linear 11-15 carbon atom containing alcohols, ethoxylated tridecyl ethers, alkali metal salts of dialkyl sulfosuccinates, polyethoxylated quaternary salts, ethylene oxide condensation products of the primary fatty amines, alkoxylated siloxanes containing ethylene oxide units, and alkoxylated siloxanes containing ethylene oxide and propylene oxide units; and wherein said polyorganosiloxane contains from 1 to 15 molar percent of siloxane units which contain said polar radical Q.

Claim 82

Dependent Claim 50 words

A polyorganosiloxane microemulsion as defined in claim 77 wherein said insoluble surfactant is present at a level of 10 to 40 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight polyorganosiloxane and wherein said polyorganosiloxane contains from 2 to 10 molar percent of siloxane units which contain said polar radical Q.

Claim 83

Dependent Claim 32 words

A polyorganosiloxane microemulsion as defined in claim 74 wherein said polyorganosiloxane microemulsion contains from about 5 to 55 weight percent of said polyorganosiloxane based on the total weight of said polyorganosiloxane microemulsion.

Claim 84

Dependent Claim 32 words

A polyorganosiloxane microemulsion as defined in claim 74 wherein said polyorganosiloxane microemulsion contains from about 10 to 40 weight percent of said polyorganosiloxane based on the total weight of said polyorganosiloxane microemulsion.

Claim 85

Dependent Claim 32 words

A polyorganosiloxane microemulsion as defined in claim 75 wherein said polyorganosiloxane microemulsion contains from about 5 to 55 weight percent of said polyorganosiloxane based on the total weight of said polyorganosiloxane microemulsion.

Claim 86

Dependent Claim 32 words

A polyorganosiloxane microemulsion as defined in claim 75 wherein said polyorganosiloxane microemulsion contains from about 10 to 40 weight percent of said polyorganosiloxane based on the total weight of said polyorganosiloxane microemulsion.

Claim 87

Dependent Claim 32 words

A polyorganosiloxane microemulsion as defined in claim 76 wherein said polyorgansiloxane microemulsion contains from about 10 to 40 weight percent of said polyorganosiloxane based on the total weight of said polyorganosiloxane microemulsion.

Claim 88

Dependent Claim 32 words

A polyorganosiloxane microemulsion as defined in claim 77 wherein said polyorganosiloxane microemulsion contains from about 10 to 40 weight percent of said polyorganosiloxane based on the total weight of said polyorganosiloxane microemulsion.

Claim 89

Dependent Claim 32 words

A polyorganosiloxane microemulsion as defined in claim 78 wherein said polyorganosiloxane microemulsion contains from about 10 to 40 weight percent of said polyorganosiloxane based on the total weight of said polyorganosiloxane microemulsion.

Claim 90

Dependent Claim 85 words

A polyorganosiloxane microemulsion as defined in claim 83 wherein said polar radical Q is an amine radical of general formula --R'NHR.sup.2 where R' is a divalent linking group composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms; carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; or carbon, hydrogen, and sulfur atoms; where R' contains from 2 to 10 carbon atoms; and where R 2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms, alkyl radicals containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and the --CH 2 CH 2 NH 2 radical.

Claim 91

Dependent Claim 18 words

A polyorganosiloxane microemulsion as defined in claim 83 wherein said polar radical Q contains an amine salt substituent.

Claim 92

Dependent Claim 91 words

A polyorganosiloxane microemulsion as defined in claim 83 wherein said polar radical Q is an amide radical of general formula ##STR13## where R' is a divalent linking group composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms; carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; or carbon, hydrogen, and sulfur atoms; where R' contains from 2 to 10 carbon atoms; where R 3 is a monovalent alkyl radical containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and where R 4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl radicals containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and ##STR14##

Claim 93

Dependent Claim 73 words

A polyorganosiloxane microemulsion as defined in claim 84 wherein said polar radical Q is a carbinol radical of general formula --R'O(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.e (C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O).sub.f H where R' is a divalent linking group composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms; carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; or carbon, hydrogen, and sulfur atoms; where R' contains from 2 to 10 carbon atoms; and where e and f are independently, greater than or equal to 0.

Claim 94

Dependent Claim 55 words

A polyorganosiloxane microemulsion as defined in claim 83 wherein said polar radical Q is a carboxylic acid radical of general formula --R'COOH where R' is a divalent linking group composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms; carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; or carbon, hydrogen, and sulfur atoms; and where R' contains 2 to 10 carbon atoms.

Claim 95

Dependent Claim 19 words

A polyorganosiloxane microemulsion as defined in claim 83 wherein said polar radical Q contains a carboxylic acid salt substituent.

Claim 96

Dependent Claim 17 words

A polyorganosiloxane microemulsion as defined in claim 83 wherein said polar radical Q contains a phenol substituent.

Claim 97

Dependent Claim 19 words

A polyorganosiloxane microemulsion as defined in claim 83 wherein said polar radical Q contains a sulfonic acid salt substituent.

Claim 98

Dependent Claim 18 words

A polyorganosiloxane microemulsion as defined in claim 83 wherein said polar radical Q contains a sulfate salt substituent.

Claim 99

Dependent Claim 18 words

A polyorganosiloxane microemulsion as defined in claim 83 wherein said polar radical Q contains a phosphate acid substituent.

Claim 100

Dependent Claim 19 words

A polyorganosiloxane microemulsion as defined in claim 83 wherein said polar radical Q contains a phosphate acid salt substituent.

Claim 101

Dependent Claim 17 words

A polyorganosiloxane microemulsion as defined in claim 83 wherein said polar radical Q is a hydroxyl radical.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	1989-11-03	1990-05-05	1990-11-04	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	1993-11-03	1994-05-05	1994-11-04	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	1997-11-03	1998-05-05	1998-11-04	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Method of preparing polyorganosiloxane emulsions having small particle size

Abstract

Inventors

Bibliographic Details

Claims Analysis

References Cited (Backward Citations)

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Assigned Categories & Tags

Assign Category Tag