US4586060A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Microencapsulation process multi-walled microcapsules, transfer sheet record material and its production
Assignee: EPACOR Inc
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Filing: 1983-07-14
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Granted: 1986-04-29
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Expires: 2003-07-14
Abstract
Abstract A process for the formation of microcapsules having at least two polymeric substances forming the final microcapsule walls comprising forming a stable emulsion droplet comprising an amphiphilic polymeric agent and the material to be encapsulated and coupling to said amphiphilic polymeric agent at least one polymeric substance to form a substantially impermeable wall about said material, said at least one polymeric substance being capable alone of reacting with said amphiphilic polymeric agent or capable of coupling with said amphiphilic polymeric agent in the presence of a coupling agent capable of reacting with said amphiphilic polymeric agent and said at least one polymeric substance. Also the resultant microcapsules and products, preferably, transfer sheet materials utilizing said microcapsules.
Inventors
- 👤 Anthony E. Vassiliades
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 10:08
CPC Classifications
B; B41; B41M; B41M5/00; B41M5/124; B41M5/165; B01; B01J; B01J13/00; B01J13/02; B01J13/06; B01J13/14; B01J13/18; B01J13/20; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2982; Y10T428/2984; Y10T428/2985
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 37
Claim 1
Independent Claim
107 words
A process for the formation of microcapsules having at least two polymeric substances, at least one of which is a proteinaceous polymer, and forming multiple microcapsule walls in the absence of coacervation comprising forming stable emulsion droplets comprising an amphiphilic polymeric agent and the material to be encapsulated and coupling to said amphiphilic polymeric agent by means of a coupling agent at least one polymeric substance to form substantially impermeable multiple walls about said material, said coupling agent capable of reacting with said amphiphilic polymeric agent and said at least one polymeric substance being oil-soluble urea-formaldehyde resins, oil-soluble melamine-formaldehyde resins, polyisocyanates, oil-soluble polyfunctional amines, or polyfunctional phenols.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
107 words
A process for the formation of microcapsules having at least two polymeric substances, at least one of which is a proteinaceous polymer, and forming multiple microcapsule walls in the absence of coacervation comprising forming stable emulsion droplets comprising an amphiphilic polymeric agent and the material to be encapsulated and coupling to said amphiphilic polymeric agent by means of a coupling agent at least one polymeric substance to form substantially impermeable multiple walls about said material, said coupling agent capable of reacting with said amphiphilic polymeric agent and said at least one polymeric substance being oil-soluble urea-formaldehyde resins, oil-soluble melamine-formaldehyde resins, polyisocyanates, oil-soluble polyfunctional amines, or polyfunctional phenols.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
34 words
The process of claim 1 wherein at least one of said amphiphilic polymeric agent and said at least one polymeric substance is a proteinaceous polymer and the other one is a hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claims 2 wherein said proteinaceous polymer is gelatin and said polyvinyl alcohol is hydrolyzed to the extent of at least 88%.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 1 wherein both said amphiphilic polymeric agent and said at least one polymeric substance are proteinaceous polymers.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said coupling agent is a polyisocyanate.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said coupling agent is an oil-soluble urea-formaldehyde resin.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said coupling agent is an oil-soluble melamine formaldehyde resin.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said coupling agent is an oil-soluble polyfunctional amine.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said coupling agent is a polyfunctional phenol.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
88 words
Multi-walled microcapsules comprising encapsulated material surrounded by substantially impermeable walls, one consisting essentially of an amphiphilic polymeric agent coupled by means of a coupling agent to at least one polymeric substance to form substantially impermeable multiple walls about said material, said coupling agent capable of reacting with said amphiphilic polymeric agent and said at least one polymeric substance and being selected from oil-soluble urea-formaldehyde resins, oil-soluble melamine-formaldehyde resins, polyisocyantes, oil-soluble polyfunctional amines, or polyfunctional phenols, at least one said polymeric agent and polymeric substance being a proteinaceous polymer.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
88 words
Multi-walled microcapsules comprising encapsulated material surrounded by substantially impermeable walls, one consisting essentially of an amphiphilic polymeric agent coupled by means of a coupling agent to at least one polymeric substance to form substantially impermeable multiple walls about said material, said coupling agent capable of reacting with said amphiphilic polymeric agent and said at least one polymeric substance and being selected from oil-soluble urea-formaldehyde resins, oil-soluble melamine-formaldehyde resins, polyisocyantes, oil-soluble polyfunctional amines, or polyfunctional phenols, at least one said polymeric agent and polymeric substance being a proteinaceous polymer.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
30 words
The microcapsules of claim 10 wherein at least one said amphiphilic polymeric agent and said polymeric substance is a proteinaceous polymer and the other one is a hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
25 words
The microcapsules of claim 11 wherein the proteinaceous polymer is gelatin and the hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol is hydrolyzed to the extent of at least 88%.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
23 words
A product comprising a substrate having on at least one portion of a surface thereof a layer comprising the microcapsules of claim 10.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
12 words
The product of claim 13 wherein the substrate is a cellulosic material.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
12 words
The product of claim 13 wherein said coupling agent is a polyisocyanate.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
14 words
The product of claim 13 wherein said coupling agent is an oil-soluble urea-formaldehyde resin.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
15 words
The product of claim 13 wherein said coupling agent is an oil-soluble melamine formaldehyde resin.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
14 words
The product of claim 13 wherein said coupling agent is an oil-soluble polyfunctional amine.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
13 words
The product of claim 13 wherein said coupling agent is a polyfunctional phenol.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
12 words
The microcapsules of claim 10 wherein said coupling agent is a polyisocyanate.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
14 words
The microcapsules of claim 10 wherein said coupling agent is and oil-soluble urea-formaldehyde resin.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
15 words
The microcapsules of claim 10 wherein said coupling agent is an oil-soluble melamine formaldehyde resin.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
14 words
The microcapsules of claim 10 wherein said coupling agent is an oil-soluble polyfunctional amine.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
13 words
The microcapsules of claim 10 wherein said coupling agent is a polyfunctional phenol.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
129 words
A transfer sheet record material comprising a cellulosic substrate coated on at least a portion of one surface thereon with multi-walled microcapsules comprising encapsulated material surrounded by substantially impermeable walls, one consisting essentially of an amphiphilic polymeric agent coupled by means of a coupling agent to at least one polymeric substance to form substantially impermeable multiple walls about said material, said coupling agent capable of reacting with said amphiphilic polymeric agent and said at least one polymeric substance and being oil-soluble urea-formaldehyde resins, oil-soluble melamine-formaldehyde resins, polyisocyanates, oil-soluble polyfunctional amines, or polyfunctional phenols at least one of said polymeric agent and polymeric substance being a proteinaceous polymer and said encapsulated material being a chromogenic dye or an acidic reactant capable of reacting with said dye to develop a color.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
129 words
A transfer sheet record material comprising a cellulosic substrate coated on at least a portion of one surface thereon with multi-walled microcapsules comprising encapsulated material surrounded by substantially impermeable walls, one consisting essentially of an amphiphilic polymeric agent coupled by means of a coupling agent to at least one polymeric substance to form substantially impermeable multiple walls about said material, said coupling agent capable of reacting with said amphiphilic polymeric agent and said at least one polymeric substance and being oil-soluble urea-formaldehyde resins, oil-soluble melamine-formaldehyde resins, polyisocyanates, oil-soluble polyfunctional amines, or polyfunctional phenols at least one of said polymeric agent and polymeric substance being a proteinaceous polymer and said encapsulated material being a chromogenic dye or an acidic reactant capable of reacting with said dye to develop a color.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
40 words
The transfer sheet material of claim 25 wherein the encapsulated material is a chromogenic dye and at least one of said amphiphilic polymeric agent and polymeric substance is a proteinaceous polymer and the other one is a hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
29 words
The transfer sheet material of claim 26 wherein said coating contains, in addition to the microcapsules, an acidic reactant capable of reacting with said dye to develop a color.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
15 words
The transfer sheet material of claims 26 or 27 wherein the proteinaceous polymer is gelatin.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
151 words
The method of making the transfer sheet material of claim 27 comprising separately encapsulating a chromogenic dye component and an acidic material component capable of reacting with the chromogenic dye to develop a color in microcapsules having at least two polymeric substances forming multiple microcapsule walls comprising forming stable emulsion droplets comprising gelatin and the material to be encapsulated and coupling to said gelatin wall at least one polymeric substance to form substantially impermeable multiple walls about said material, said at least one polymeric substance being capable alone of reacting with said gelatin of coupling with said gelatin in the presence of a coupling agent capable of reacting with said gelatin and said at least one polymeric substance admixing the two encapsulated components under conditions sufficient to form a substantially uniform mixture thereof but insufficient to rupture said capsules, and applying the mixture onto the substrate in a singe coating pass.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
15 words
The transfer sheet record material of claim 25 wherein said coupling agent is a polyisocyanate.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
17 words
The transfer sheet record material of claim 25 wherein said coupling agent is an oil-soluble urea-formaldehyde resin.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
18 words
The transfer sheet record material of claim 25 wherein said coupling agent is an oil-soluble melamine formaldehyde resin.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
17 words
The transfer sheet record material of claim 25 wherein said coupling agent is an oil-soluble polyfunctional amine.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
16 words
The transfer sheet record material of claim 25 wherein said coupling agent is a polyfunctional phenol.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-04-28 | 1989-10-28 | 1990-04-29 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-04-28 | 1993-10-28 | 1994-04-29 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-04-28 | 1997-10-28 | 1998-04-29 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |