Patent US4559386A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4559386A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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ABS compositions and process for preparing same
Assignee: Bayer Antwerpen NV
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Filing: 1984-07-06
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Granted: 1985-12-17
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Expires: 2004-07-06
Abstract
Abstract An intermediate for use in a polyblend consisting essentially of a copolymer of monoalkenyl aromatic monomer such as styrene and a ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer such as acrylonitrile surface grafted onto rubber which is dispersed in a matrix copolymer of the graft copolymer monomers, the dispersed phase being monomodal in particle size distribution and the weight percent of surface-grafted nitrile monomer being less by at least 2% than the weight percent nitrile monomer in the matrix. This intermediate with mismatched nitrile monomer can be blended with another rubber graft copolymer of different particle size dispersed in ungrafted matrix which contains matched nitrile monomer in the surface graft and matrix to provide a polyblend having properties at least equivalent to those obtained by blending two rubber graft copolymers of different particle size dispersed in a matrix which each contain matched nitrile monomer levels in the surface graft and matrix. The mismatched intermediate is prepared by continuous mass polymerization.
Inventors
- 👤 Wan C. Wu
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 21:33
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08F; C08F279/00; C08F279/02; C08F279/04
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 22
Claim 1
Independent Claim
161 words
A composition comprising a blend of separately prepared polymeric compositions (A) and (B), (A) being a first rubber graft copolymer formed by graft polymerizing (a) monoalkenyl aromatic monomer and ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer on (b) a preformed graftable rubber containing a rubber-forming monomer component to surface graft at least a portion of the polymerizing monomers onto said rubber and provide a first graft copolymer while simultaneously forming a first ungrafted copolymer of said monomers in which said first graft copolymer is dispersed, the level of surface-grafted unsaturated nitrile monomer in the first graft copolymer being different by at least 2.0 weight percent from that in said first ungrafted copolymer; and (B) being a second rubber graft copolymer of said monomers on a preformed graftable rubber substrate dispersed in a simultaneously formed second ungrafted copolymer of said monomers, the level of surface-grafted ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer in said second rubber graft copolymer being essentially matched with that in said second ungrafted copolymer.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
161 words
A composition comprising a blend of separately prepared polymeric compositions (A) and (B), (A) being a first rubber graft copolymer formed by graft polymerizing (a) monoalkenyl aromatic monomer and ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer on (b) a preformed graftable rubber containing a rubber-forming monomer component to surface graft at least a portion of the polymerizing monomers onto said rubber and provide a first graft copolymer while simultaneously forming a first ungrafted copolymer of said monomers in which said first graft copolymer is dispersed, the level of surface-grafted unsaturated nitrile monomer in the first graft copolymer being different by at least 2.0 weight percent from that in said first ungrafted copolymer; and (B) being a second rubber graft copolymer of said monomers on a preformed graftable rubber substrate dispersed in a simultaneously formed second ungrafted copolymer of said monomers, the level of surface-grafted ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer in said second rubber graft copolymer being essentially matched with that in said second ungrafted copolymer.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
22 words
The composition of claim 1 including additional ungrafted copolymer of said monomers prepared separately from said first and second rubber graft copolymers.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
37 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the first graft copolymer has an average particle size of about 0.3 to 3 microns and the second graft copolymer has an average particle size of about 0.01 to 0.3 microns.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
20 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the monoalkenyl aromatic monomer is styrene and the ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer is acrylonitrile.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
22 words
The composition of claim 2 wherein the weight ratio of rubber in (A) to rubber in (B) is between 80:20 and 5:95.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
43 words
The composition of claim 1,2,3,4, or 5 wherein the level of polymerized unsaturated nitrile monomer in the surface graft of the first graft copolymer is less than the level of polymerized unsaturated nitrile in the first ungrafted copolymer by about 5 weight percent.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
35 words
The composition of claim 6 wherein the first graft copolymer has about 18 to about 25 weight percent surface-grafted acrylonitrile and the first ungrafted copolymer has about 25.5 to about 33 weight percent polymerized acrylonitrile.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
20 words
The composition of claim 7 wherein the weight ratio of rubber in (A) to rubber in (B) is about 10:90.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
121 words
In a polyblend comprising first and second graft copolymers of acrylonitrile and styrene on diene rubber, each graft copolymer having a different average particle size range, dispersed in a matrix copolymer of styrene and acrylonitrile wherein the weight of acrylonitrile in the graft phases is less than the weight of acrylonitrile in the matrix copolymer, the improvement wherein: one of the graft copolymers and part of the matrix copolymer is an initially, separately prepared mismatched composition comprising styrene and acrylonitrile surface grafted on a diene rubber substrate dispersed in a surrounding matrix copolymer of styrene and acrylonitrile in which the weight of surface-grafted acrylonitrile is lower by at least 2.0% than the weight of polymerized acrylonitrile in the surrounding matrix copolymer.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
121 words
In a polyblend comprising first and second graft copolymers of acrylonitrile and styrene on diene rubber, each graft copolymer having a different average particle size range, dispersed in a matrix copolymer of styrene and acrylonitrile wherein the weight of acrylonitrile in the graft phases is less than the weight of acrylonitrile in the matrix copolymer, the improvement wherein: one of the graft copolymers and part of the matrix copolymer is an initially, separately prepared mismatched composition comprising styrene and acrylonitrile surface grafted on a diene rubber substrate dispersed in a surrounding matrix copolymer of styrene and acrylonitrile in which the weight of surface-grafted acrylonitrile is lower by at least 2.0% than the weight of polymerized acrylonitrile in the surrounding matrix copolymer.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
36 words
The polyblend of claim 9 wherein the weight ratio of rubber in the graft copolymer having the larger particle size range to that in the copolymer having the smaller particle size range is about 10 90.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
37 words
The composition of claim 4 wherein said (A) is formed by graft polymerizing a monomer mixture consisting essentially of 60 to 85 weight % styrene and 15 to 40 weight % acrylonitrile onto said performed graftable rubber.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
170 words
A process for preparing a polyblend which comprises the steps of: (i) continuously mass polymerizing a mixture of monomers comprising monoalkenyl aromatic monomer and ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer in the presence of a preformed graftable rubber containing a rubber-forming monomer component to surface graft at least a portion of the polymerizing monomers onto said rubber and provide a first graft copolymer while simultaneously forming a first ungrafted copolymer of said monomers in which said first graft copolymer is dispersed, the level of surface-grafted ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer in the first graft copolymer being different by at least 2 weight % from that in said first ungrafted copolymer; and (ii) blending the product of step (i) with a composition comprising a second ungrafted copolymer of said monomers and a second graft copolymer of said monomers on a graftable rubber, the level of surface-grafted ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer in said second graft copolymer being essentially matched with and differing by less than 2 weight % from that in said second ungrafted copolymer.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
170 words
A process for preparing a polyblend which comprises the steps of: (i) continuously mass polymerizing a mixture of monomers comprising monoalkenyl aromatic monomer and ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer in the presence of a preformed graftable rubber containing a rubber-forming monomer component to surface graft at least a portion of the polymerizing monomers onto said rubber and provide a first graft copolymer while simultaneously forming a first ungrafted copolymer of said monomers in which said first graft copolymer is dispersed, the level of surface-grafted ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer in the first graft copolymer being different by at least 2 weight % from that in said first ungrafted copolymer; and (ii) blending the product of step (i) with a composition comprising a second ungrafted copolymer of said monomers and a second graft copolymer of said monomers on a graftable rubber, the level of surface-grafted ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer in said second graft copolymer being essentially matched with and differing by less than 2 weight % from that in said second ungrafted copolymer.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
31 words
The process of claim 12 wherein the level of polymerized unsaturated nitrile monomer in the surface graft of the first graft copolymer is less than that in said first ungrafted copolymer.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 12 wherein the monoalkenyl aromatic monomer is styrene.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 12 wherein the ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer is acrylonitrile.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 12 wherein the monoalkenyl aromatic monomer is styrene and the unsaturated nitrile monomer is acrylonitrile.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
64 words
The process of claim 12, 13, 14, 15 or 16 wherein the level of unsaturated nitrile monomer in (i) the surface graft of the first graft copolymer is about 18 to about 25% by weight and in (ii) the first ungrafted copolymer is about 25.5 to about 33% weight, based respectively on the weight of the first graft copolymer and the first ungrafted copolymer.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
29 words
The process of claim 17 wherein the weight ratio in the polyblend of rubber obtained from step (i) to that obtained from step (ii) is between 80:20 and 5:95.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 18 wherein said weight ratio is about 10:90.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-12-16 | 1989-06-17 | 1989-12-17 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-12-16 | 1993-06-17 | 1993-12-17 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-12-16 | 1997-06-17 | 1997-12-17 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |