US4552812A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Process for the production of polyacrolein microspheres and grafted microspheres
Assignee: Yeda Research and Development Co Ltd
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Filing: 1981-12-14
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Granted: 1985-11-12
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Expires: 2001-12-14
Abstract
Abstract Suspension polymerization of acrolein type compounds in the presence of appropriate surfactants results in the formation of microspheres in size ranging from 0.03μ to 80μ. Fluorescent and magnetic microspheres are obtained by carrying out the same polymerization in the presence of appropriate fluorochromic or ferrofluidic compounds, respectively. Hybrido polyacrolein microspheres are obtained by grafting one type of such microspheres on another type. Immunomicrospheres were formed by binding covalently at physiological pH appropriate proteins to the microspheres. The immunomicrospheres can be used for various biological applications, such as specific markers for labelling cell surface receptors, for cell separation, for diagnostic purposes, etc.
Inventors
- 👤 Shlomo Margel
- 👤 Uzi Beitler
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 11:31
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61K; A61K9/00; A61K9/48; A61K9/50; A61K9/51; A61K9/5107; A61K9/513; A61K9/5138; A61K39/00; A61K39/395; A61K39/44; A61K47/00; A61K47/50; A61K47/51; A61K47/56; A61K47/58; A61K9/5094; C; C08; C08F; C08F16/00; C08F16/34; C12; C12N; C12N11/00; C12N11/02; C12N11/08; C12N11/082; C12N11/087; G; G01; G01N; G01N33/00; G01N33/48; G01N33/50; G01N33/53; G01N33/543; G01N33/54313; G01N33/54326; G01N33/5434; G01N2446/00; G01N2446/20; G01N2446/30; G01N2446/40; G01N2446/80; G01N2446/86; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S526/00; Y10S526/909; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2982; Y10T428/2989; Y10T428/2991; Y10T428/2998; Y10T436/00; Y10T436/25; Y10T436/25375
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 28
Claim 1
Independent Claim
69 words
A process for producing a polyacrolein-type microsphere which comprises subjecting an aqueous mixture of a polymerizable acrolein-type monomer to polymerization in the presence of an effective amount of a suitable ionic surfactant which promotes microsphere formation upon polymerization of the monomer so as to form a microsphere, the polymerization being effected at a pH between 8.0 and 13.7, and recovering the resulting microsphere and purifying the microsphere so recovered.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
69 words
A process for producing a polyacrolein-type microsphere which comprises subjecting an aqueous mixture of a polymerizable acrolein-type monomer to polymerization in the presence of an effective amount of a suitable ionic surfactant which promotes microsphere formation upon polymerization of the monomer so as to form a microsphere, the polymerization being effected at a pH between 8.0 and 13.7, and recovering the resulting microsphere and purifying the microsphere so recovered.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein acrolein-type compound is acrolein, methacrolein or crotonaldehyde.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
31 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the effective amount of the surfactant is an amount from about 0.02 to 0.03 percent by weight based upon the volume of the mixture.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
11 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant is anionic.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the acrolein-type compound is acrolein and the surfactant is PGL-NaHSO 3 .
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the mixture contains an additional solvent.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
12 words
A process according to claim 6, wherein the additional solvent is N,N-dimethylformamide.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein sodium hydroxide is added to the mixture to obtain the pH between 8.0 and 13.7.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the mixture additionally contains a fluorescent dye.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the mixture additionally contains a ferrofluidic material.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process according to claim 10, wherein the ferrofluidic material is Fe 3 O 4 .
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
39 words
A grafted microsphere comprising a polyacrolein microsphere to which at least one polymeric microsphere having a diameter less than one-fourth the diameter of the polyacrolein-type microsphere is attached, wherein the larger polyacrolein-type microsphere is produced according to claim 1.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
93 words
A process for producing a polyacrolein-type microsphere which comprises subjecting under an inert atmosphere and suitable conditions an aqueous mixture of a polymerizable acrolein-type monomer to polymerization in the presence of an effective amount of a suitable surfactant which promotes microsphere formation upon polymerization of the monomer, an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent, the oxidizing agent and reducing agent both being present in amounts capable of initiating a redox reaction so as to effect polymerization of the acrolein-type monomer and microsphere formation, recovering the resulting microsphere and purifying the microsphere so recovered.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
93 words
A process for producing a polyacrolein-type microsphere which comprises subjecting under an inert atmosphere and suitable conditions an aqueous mixture of a polymerizable acrolein-type monomer to polymerization in the presence of an effective amount of a suitable surfactant which promotes microsphere formation upon polymerization of the monomer, an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent, the oxidizing agent and reducing agent both being present in amounts capable of initiating a redox reaction so as to effect polymerization of the acrolein-type monomer and microsphere formation, recovering the resulting microsphere and purifying the microsphere so recovered.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 13, wherein the oxidizing agent is ammonium persulfate and the reducing agent is silver nitrate.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process according to claim 13, wherein the acrolein-type compound is acrolein, methacrolein or crotonaldehyde.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
31 words
A process according to claim 13, wherein the effective amount of the surfactant is an amount from about 0.02 to 3.0 percent by weight based upon the volume of the mixture.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process according to claim 13, wherein the acrolein-type compound is acrolein and the surfactant is polyethylene oxide.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process according to claim 13, wherein the mixture contains an additional solvent.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process according to claim 13, wherein the mixture additionally contains an acrylate monomer.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process according to claim 13, wherein the reaction mixture additionally contains a fluorescent dye.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process according to claim 13, wherein the mixture additionally contains a ferrofluidic material.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process according to claim 21, wherein the ferrofluidic material is Fe 3 O 4 .
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
28 words
A grafted microsphere comprising a polyacrolein-type microsphere to which at least one polymeric microsphere having a diameter less than one-fourth the diameter of the polyacrolein-type microsphere is attached.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
28 words
A grafted microsphere comprising a polyacrolein-type microsphere to which at least one polymeric microsphere having a diameter less than one-fourth the diameter of the polyacrolein-type microsphere is attached.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
26 words
A grafted microsphere according to claim 23, wherein the larger polyacrolein-type microsphere is polyacrolein and the smaller polymeric microsphere is polyacrolein, poly-2-vinyl pyridine or poly-4-vinyl pyridine.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
14 words
A grafted microsphere according to claim 24, wherein the smaller polymeric microsphere is polyacrolein.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-11-11 | 1989-05-13 | 1989-11-12 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-11-11 | 1993-05-13 | 1993-11-12 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-11-11 | 1997-05-13 | 1997-11-12 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |