Patent US4532089A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4532089A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method of preparing giant size liposomes
Assignee: Northwestern University
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Filing: 1984-01-14
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Granted: 1985-07-30
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Expires: 2004-01-14
Abstract
Abstract Large size liposomes are produced from small unilamellar vesicles by incorporating a polar compound in an aqueous dispersion of the vesicles, subjecting the dispersion to repeated freeze-thaw cycles, and thereafter dialyzing the vesicles against a hypoosmotic medium. The freeze-thaw cycles aggregate the vesicles and increase their internal concentration of polar compound. During dialysis the vesicles imbibe water, rupture, and form enlarged liposomes.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert C. MacDonald
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 03:39
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61K; A61K9/00; A61K9/10; A61K9/127; A61K9/1277; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S436/00; Y10S436/829; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2982; Y10T428/2984
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 19
Claim 1
Independent Claim
179 words
An improvement in the method of treating aqueous dispersions of small unilamellar vesicles (SUV) to obtain vesicles of enlarged size, said SUV having been prepared by hydration of a bilayer-forming lipid, and thereafter subjecting said aqueous dispersion to at least one cycle of freezing and thawing, wherein the improvement comprises: (a) having present in said SUV dispersion prior to said freeze-thaw cycle at least a 0.1 molar concentration of a crystallizable polar compound plus any additional substance desired to be entrapped in large vestices; (b) then subjecting the dispersion to repeated freeze-thaw cycles in which the temperature reduction in the freezing step is sufficient to crystallize substantially all of the water, said freeze-thaw cycles being repeated until the resulting vesicles are in a generally aggregated form and contain entrapped solution of increased polar compound concentration as well as other substances desired to be entrapped; and then (c) dialyzing the resulting vesicles against an aqueous hypoosmotic medium causing the vesicles to imbibe water, said dialysis being continued until said aggregated vesicles imbibe sufficient water to reform into enlarged unilamellar vesicles.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
179 words
An improvement in the method of treating aqueous dispersions of small unilamellar vesicles (SUV) to obtain vesicles of enlarged size, said SUV having been prepared by hydration of a bilayer-forming lipid, and thereafter subjecting said aqueous dispersion to at least one cycle of freezing and thawing, wherein the improvement comprises: (a) having present in said SUV dispersion prior to said freeze-thaw cycle at least a 0.1 molar concentration of a crystallizable polar compound plus any additional substance desired to be entrapped in large vestices; (b) then subjecting the dispersion to repeated freeze-thaw cycles in which the temperature reduction in the freezing step is sufficient to crystallize substantially all of the water, said freeze-thaw cycles being repeated until the resulting vesicles are in a generally aggregated form and contain entrapped solution of increased polar compound concentration as well as other substances desired to be entrapped; and then (c) dialyzing the resulting vesicles against an aqueous hypoosmotic medium causing the vesicles to imbibe water, said dialysis being continued until said aggregated vesicles imbibe sufficient water to reform into enlarged unilamellar vesicles.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 1 in which said SUV dispersion has a lipid concentration of at least 1% by weight.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 1 in which said lipid is a phospholipid.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 1 in which said polar compound is present in a concentration of at least 0.5 molar.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 1 in which during the dialysis step (c) vesicles enlarge to entrap a total of at least 5 microliters of water per mg lipid.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 1 in which the lipid concentration in said SUV dispersion is from 3 to 10% by weight.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 1 in which said polar compound is an alkali metal salt.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 1 in which said polar compound is a potassium salt.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 1 in which said polar compound is a salt of a chaotropic anion chosen from the group consisting of tribromoacetate and trichloroacetate.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 1 in which said polar compound is a polar non-electrolyte having a solubility in water greater than 0.1M.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
124 words
The method of treating aqueous dispersions of small unilamellar vesicles to obtain vesicles of enlarged size, said vesicles having been prepared by hydration of a bilayer-forming phospholipid, the phospholipid content of said dispersion on a water-lipid basis being at least 1% by weight, comprising dissolving in said dispersion a water-soluble polar compound to a concentration of at least 0.1 molar, subjecting to the polar compound-containing dispersion to repeated freeze-thaw cycles until the resulting vesicles are in a generally aggregated form and contain entrapped solution of increased polar compound concentration, and then dialyzing the resulting vesicles against an aqueous hypoosmotic medium causing the vesicles to imbibe water, said dialysis being continued until said aggregated vesicles have imbibed sufficient water to reform into enlarged unilamellar vesicles.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
124 words
The method of treating aqueous dispersions of small unilamellar vesicles to obtain vesicles of enlarged size, said vesicles having been prepared by hydration of a bilayer-forming phospholipid, the phospholipid content of said dispersion on a water-lipid basis being at least 1% by weight, comprising dissolving in said dispersion a water-soluble polar compound to a concentration of at least 0.1 molar, subjecting to the polar compound-containing dispersion to repeated freeze-thaw cycles until the resulting vesicles are in a generally aggregated form and contain entrapped solution of increased polar compound concentration, and then dialyzing the resulting vesicles against an aqueous hypoosmotic medium causing the vesicles to imbibe water, said dialysis being continued until said aggregated vesicles have imbibed sufficient water to reform into enlarged unilamellar vesicles.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 11 in which said polar compound is present in a concentration of at least 0.5 molar.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 11 in which the lipid concentration in said dispersion is from 3 to 10% by weight.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 11 in which said polar compound is potassium chloride.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 11 in which said polar compound is the salt of a chaotropic anion chosen from the group consisting of tribromoacetate and trichloroacetate.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 11 in which said polar compound is a polar non-electrolyte having a solubility in water exceeding 0.1 molar.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 11 in which said lipid vesicles during said dialysis enlarge to entrap a total of at least 10 microliters per mg lipid.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-07-29 | 1989-01-28 | 1989-07-30 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-07-29 | 1993-01-28 | 1993-07-30 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-07-29 | 1997-01-28 | 1997-07-30 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |