US4530957A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Non-aqueous dispersions based on capped stabilizers and reactants comprising polyfunctional monomers I
Assignee: EIDP Inc
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Filing: 1983-01-05
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Granted: 1985-07-23
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Expires: 2003-01-05
Abstract
Abstract Crosslinked, preferably acrylic, preferably melamine crosslinked, polymer particles formed by reactions comprising free radical addition polymerization of: (a) between about 0.5 and about 20 weight percent each of first and second monomers, each bearing functionally capable of crosslinking reaction with the other and additionally wherein the first monomer is ethylenically unsaturated and the second monomer bears multiple crosslinking functionality and no ethylenic unsaturation, (b) between about 60 and about 99 weight percent of at least one other monoethylenically unsaturated monomer; in the presence of (I) an organic liquid which is a solvent for the polymerizable monomers, but a non-solvent for the resultant polymer, and (II) polymeric dispersion stabilizer wherein the precursor of the first segment of the stabilizer comprises a long chain hydrocarbon molecule having only one reactive group per molecule, preferably being a carboxyl group.
Inventors
- 👤 Ares N. Theodore
- 👤 Mohinder S. Chattha
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 15:49
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08F; C08F2/00; C08F2/04; C08F2/06; C08F2/08; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S524/00; Y10S524/923
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 15
Claim 1
Independent Claim
191 words
A stable dispersion containing crosslinked polymer particles formed by reactions comprising addition polymerization of: (a) between about 0.5 and about 20 weight percent each of first and second monomers, wherein said first monomer bears ethylenic unsaturation and functionality capable of crosslinking reaction with other functionality present on said second monomer, said second monomer bearing at least two functional groups of said other functionality and bearing no ethylenic unsaturation; and (b) between about 99 and about 60 weight percent of at least one other monoethylenically unsaturated monomer; in the presence of (I) an organic liquid which is a solvent for the polymerizable monomers, but a non-solvent for the resultant polymer, and (II) polymeric dispersion stabilizer containing at least two segments with one segment being solvated by said organic liquid and the second segment being of different polarity than said first segment and relatively insoluble in said organic liquid, wherein the reaction is carried out at elevated temperatures such that the dispersion polymer first forms and then is crosslinked, wherein the precursor of said first segment of said stabilizer comprises a long chain hydrocarbon molecule having only one reactive group per said molecule.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
191 words
A stable dispersion containing crosslinked polymer particles formed by reactions comprising addition polymerization of: (a) between about 0.5 and about 20 weight percent each of first and second monomers, wherein said first monomer bears ethylenic unsaturation and functionality capable of crosslinking reaction with other functionality present on said second monomer, said second monomer bearing at least two functional groups of said other functionality and bearing no ethylenic unsaturation; and (b) between about 99 and about 60 weight percent of at least one other monoethylenically unsaturated monomer; in the presence of (I) an organic liquid which is a solvent for the polymerizable monomers, but a non-solvent for the resultant polymer, and (II) polymeric dispersion stabilizer containing at least two segments with one segment being solvated by said organic liquid and the second segment being of different polarity than said first segment and relatively insoluble in said organic liquid, wherein the reaction is carried out at elevated temperatures such that the dispersion polymer first forms and then is crosslinked, wherein the precursor of said first segment of said stabilizer comprises a long chain hydrocarbon molecule having only one reactive group per said molecule.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
73 words
A dispersion according to claim 1, wherein said polymeric dispersion stabilizer is a graft copolymer containing two polymeric segments with one segment being solvated by said dispersing liquid and the second segment being an anchor polymer of different polarity than said first segment and relatively non-solvatable by said dispersing liquid, and wherein said polymeric dispersion stabilizer contains pendant groups which have been addition copolymerized with the ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the copolymerization process.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
73 words
A dispersion according to claim 2, wherein said polymeric dispersion stabilizer is formed by graft copolymerizing (i) the reaction product of said long chain hydrocarbon molecule having only one reactive group per molecule and an unsaturated monomer containing functionalitly capable of reacting with said one reactive group of said molecule with (ii) two ethylenically unsaturated monomers, each having functionality capable of reacting with the other, and at least one other monoethylenicallly unsaturated monomer.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
90 words
A dispersion according to claim 3, wherein said stabilizer is formed by graft copolymerizing (i) the reaction product of said long chain hydrocarbon molecules having only one reactive group per molecule and an unsaturated monomer containing functionality reactive with said one reactive group on said molecule first with (ii) one of two ethylenically unsaturated monomers, each having functionality capable of reacting with the other, and at least one other monoethylenically unsaturated monomer to form a reaction product which is thereafter reacted with the other of said two ethylenically unsaturated monomers.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
34 words
A dispersion according to claim 1, wherein said long chain hydrocarbon molecule having only one reactive group per molecule has a number average molecular weight (M n ) between about 350 and about 3300.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
32 words
A dispersion according to claim 5, wherein said molecule is formed by reacting poly(12-hydroxystearic acid) with an alkyl monocarboxylic acid wherein the alkyl group comprises a C 3 -C 17 alkyl group.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
44 words
A dispersion according to claim 3, wherein said reactive group on said molecule is carboxyl and said unsaturated monomer containing functionality capable of reacting with said one reactive group of said molecule is selected from the group consisting of glycidyl methacrylate and isocyanatoethyl methacrylate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
81 words
A dispersion according to claim 3, wherein the pairs of reactive functionalities present on said two ethylenically unsaturated monomers reacted to form the polymeric dispersion stabilizer are selected from the group consisting of (a) isocyanate and hydroxyl; (b) acid and epoxide; (c) epoxide and amine; (d) acid anhydride and hydroxyl; (e) acid anhydride and amine; (f) acid anhydride and mercaptan; (g) hemiformal and amide; (h) carbonate and amine; (i) cycloimide and amine; (j) cycloimide and hydroxyl; and (k) imine and alkoxysilane.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
60 words
A dispersion according to claim 3, wherein said two ethylenically unsaturated monomers, each having functionality capable of reacting with the other, are each employed in an amount of between about 0.5 and 10 weight percent and said other monoethylenically unsaturated monomer is employed in an amount of between about 99.0 and about 80 weight percent in forming said dispersion stabilizer.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
84 words
A dispersion according to claim 1, wherein the pairs of crosslinking functionalities of said first and second monomers used to form the dispersed polymer particles are selected from the group consisting of (a) hydroxyl and isocyanate; (b) acid and epoxide; (c) epoxide and amine; (d) amine and hydroxyl; (e) acid anhydride and amine; (f) acid anhydride and mercaptan; (g) hemiformal and amide; (h) carbonate and amine; (i) cycloimide and amine; (j) cycloimide and hydroxyl; (k) imine and alkoxysilane; and (l) hydroxyl and acid anhydride.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
43 words
A dispersion according to claim 9, wherein said dispersing liquid is an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent and said first ethylenically unsaturated monomer (a) and said at least one other ethylenically unsaturated monomer (b) used in the preparation of said dispersion particle are acrylic monomers.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
74 words
A dispersion according to claim 9, wherein said particles are formed by free radical addition copolymerization in the presence of hydrocarbon dispersing liquid of from about 0.5 to about 20 weight percent of ethylenically unsaturated hydroxy monomer, from about 0.5 to about 20 weight percent of crosslinking monomer selected from the group consisting of amine-aldehyde resins, and from about 99 to about 60 weight percent of at least one other copolymerizable monoethylenically unsaturated monomer.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
29 words
A dispersion according to claim 12, wherein said monomers used in the addition copolymerization to form the dispersed polymer particles wherein said ethylenically unsaturated hydroxy monomer is hydroxyethyl methacrylate.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
17 words
Crosslinked polymer particles obtained by the removal of said solvent from said dispersion formed in claim 1.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-07-22 | 1989-01-21 | 1989-07-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-07-22 | 1993-01-21 | 1993-07-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-07-22 | 1997-01-21 | 1997-07-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |