US4147688A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method of preparing dispersions of gelled polymeric microparticles and products produced thereby
Assignee: PPG Industries Inc
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Filing: 1977-06-13
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Granted: 1979-04-03
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Expires: 1997-06-13
Abstract
Abstract Dispersions containing crosslinked acrylic polymer microparticles having a particle size of from 0.1 to 10 microns are produced in relatively high concentrations by a method comprising the free radical addition copolymerization of at least one monoethylenically unsaturated monomer with alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid and crosslinking monomer selected from the group consisting of (1) epoxy group-containing compound and (2) a mixture of alkylenimine and organoalkoxysilane in the presence of a dispersion stabilizer and an aliphatic hydrocarbon dispersing liquid in which the crosslinked polymer particles are insoluble. The crosslinked acrylic polymer microparticles are useful as additives to protective and decorative coatings.
Inventors
- 👤 Joseph M. Makhlouf
- 👤 Samuel Porter, Jr.
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 05:16
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08F; C08F2/00; C08F2/04; C08F2/06; C08F2/08; C08L; C08L75/00; C08L75/04
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 26
Claim 1
Independent Claim
212 words
A dispersion containing from 20 to 60 percent by weight crosslinked acrylic polymer microparticles having a particle size of from 0.1 to 10 microns, said dispersion being formed by free radical addition copolymerization of from 0.5 to 15 percent of alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid, from 70 to 66 percent of at least one other copolymerizable monoethylenically unsaturated monomer and from 0.5 to 15 percent of crosslinking monomer selected from the group consisting of (1) epoxy group-containing compound and (2) a mixture of alkylenimine and organoalkoxysilane, wherein: a. said epoxy group-containing compound is monoepoxide compound which additionally contains ethylenic unsaturation, b. said organoalkoxysilane is selected from the group consisting of acrylatoalkoxysilane, methacrylatoalkoxysilane and vinylalkoxysilane, and c. said monomer percentages are based on the weight of monomers used in the copolymerization process, in the presence of hydrocarbon dispersing liquid which is a solvent for the polymerizable monomers but a non-solvent for the resultant polymer, and polymeric dispersion stabilizer containing at least two segments of which one segment is solvated by said dispersing liquid and a second segment is of different polarity than said first segment and is relatively insoluble in said dispersing liquid, wherein the reaction is carried out at elevated temperature such that the dispersion polymer first forms and then is crosslinked.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
212 words
A dispersion containing from 20 to 60 percent by weight crosslinked acrylic polymer microparticles having a particle size of from 0.1 to 10 microns, said dispersion being formed by free radical addition copolymerization of from 0.5 to 15 percent of alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid, from 70 to 66 percent of at least one other copolymerizable monoethylenically unsaturated monomer and from 0.5 to 15 percent of crosslinking monomer selected from the group consisting of (1) epoxy group-containing compound and (2) a mixture of alkylenimine and organoalkoxysilane, wherein: a. said epoxy group-containing compound is monoepoxide compound which additionally contains ethylenic unsaturation, b. said organoalkoxysilane is selected from the group consisting of acrylatoalkoxysilane, methacrylatoalkoxysilane and vinylalkoxysilane, and c. said monomer percentages are based on the weight of monomers used in the copolymerization process, in the presence of hydrocarbon dispersing liquid which is a solvent for the polymerizable monomers but a non-solvent for the resultant polymer, and polymeric dispersion stabilizer containing at least two segments of which one segment is solvated by said dispersing liquid and a second segment is of different polarity than said first segment and is relatively insoluble in said dispersing liquid, wherein the reaction is carried out at elevated temperature such that the dispersion polymer first forms and then is crosslinked.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
74 words
The dispersion of claim 1 wherein said polymeric dispersion stabilizer is a graft copolymer containing two polymeric segments of which one segment is solvated by said dispersing liquid and the second segment is an anchor polymer of different polarity to said first segment and is relatively non-solvatable by said dispersing liquid and wherein said polymeric dispersion stabilizer contains pendant groups which have been addition copolymerized with the ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the copolymerization process.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
44 words
The dispersion of claim 2 wherein said polymeric dispersion stabilizer is formed by graft copolymerizing the reaction product of glycidyl methacrylate and poly-(12-hydroxystearic acid), with methyl methacrylate and glycidyl methacrylate and the resulting copolymer product containing pendant epoxy groups is reacted with methacrylic acid.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
31 words
The dispersion of claim 1 wherein said alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid is methacrylic acid, said other copolymerizable monoethylenically unsaturated monomer is methyl methacrylate and said cross-linking monomer is glycidyl methacrylate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
36 words
The dispersion of claim 1 wherein said alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid is methacrylic acid, said other copolymerizable monoethylenically unsaturated monomer is methyl methacrylate and said cross-linking monomer is a mixture of hydroxyethyl ethylenimine and gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
18 words
The dispersion of claim 1 wherein said alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid is acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
19 words
The dispersion of claim 1 wherein said other copolymerizable monoethylenically unsaturated monomer is an alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
15 words
The dispersion of claim 1 wherein said other copolymerizable monoethylenically unsaturated monomer is methyl methacrylate.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
18 words
The dispersion of claim 1 wherein said crosslinking monomer is a monoepoxide compound which additionally contains ethylenic unsaturation.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
17 words
The dispersion of claim 9 wherein sad monoepoxide compound which additionally contains ethylenic unsaturation is glycidyl methacrylate.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
26 words
The dispersion of claim 1 wherein said crosslinking monomer is a mixture of alkylenimine and organoalkoxysilane selected from the group consisting of acrylatoalkoxysilane, methacrylatoalkoxysilane and vinylalkoxysilane.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
16 words
The dispersion of claim 11 wherein said alkylenimine is hydroxyethyl ethylenimine and said organoalkoxysilane is gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
212 words
A method of producing a dispersion containing from 20 to 60 percent by weight crosslinked acrylic polymer microparticles having a particle size of from 0.1 to 10 microns, said method comprising free radical addition copolymerizing from 0.5 to 15 percent of alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid, from 70 to 99 percent of at least one other copolymerizable monoethylenically unsaturated monomer and from 0.5 to 15 percent of crosslinking monomer selected from the group consisting of (1) epoxy group-containing compound and (2) a mixture of alkylenimine and organoalkoxysilane, wherein: a. said epoxy group-containing compound is monoepoxide compound which additionally contains ethylenic unsaturation, b. said organoalkoxysilane is selected from the group consisting of acrylatoalkoxysilane, methacrylatoalkoxysilane and vinylalkoxysilane, and c. said monomer percentages are based on the weight of monomers used in the copolymerization process, in the presence of hydrocarbon dispersing liquid which is a solvent for the polymerizable monomers but a non-solvent for the resultant polymer, and polymeric dispersion stabilizer containing at least two segments of which one segment is solvated by said dispersing liquid and a second segment is of different polarity than said first segment and is relatively insoluble in said dispersing liquid, wherein the reaction is carried out at elevated temperature such that the dispersion polymer forms and then is crosslinked.
Claim 15
Independent Claim
212 words
A method of producing a dispersion containing from 20 to 60 percent by weight crosslinked acrylic polymer microparticles having a particle size of from 0.1 to 10 microns, said method comprising free radical addition copolymerizing from 0.5 to 15 percent of alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid, from 70 to 99 percent of at least one other copolymerizable monoethylenically unsaturated monomer and from 0.5 to 15 percent of crosslinking monomer selected from the group consisting of (1) epoxy group-containing compound and (2) a mixture of alkylenimine and organoalkoxysilane, wherein: a. said epoxy group-containing compound is monoepoxide compound which additionally contains ethylenic unsaturation, b. said organoalkoxysilane is selected from the group consisting of acrylatoalkoxysilane, methacrylatoalkoxysilane and vinylalkoxysilane, and c. said monomer percentages are based on the weight of monomers used in the copolymerization process, in the presence of hydrocarbon dispersing liquid which is a solvent for the polymerizable monomers but a non-solvent for the resultant polymer, and polymeric dispersion stabilizer containing at least two segments of which one segment is solvated by said dispersing liquid and a second segment is of different polarity than said first segment and is relatively insoluble in said dispersing liquid, wherein the reaction is carried out at elevated temperature such that the dispersion polymer forms and then is crosslinked.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 13 wherein said alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid is acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 13 wherein said other copolymerizable monoethylenically unsaturated monomer is an alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 13 wherein said other copolymerizable monoethylenically unsaturated monomer is methyl methacrylate.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 13 wherein said crosslinking monomer is a monoepoxide compound which additionally contains ethylenic unsaturation.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 17 wherein said monoepoxide compound which additionally contains ethylenic unsaturation is glycidyl methacrylate.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 13 wherein said crosslinking monomer is a mixture of alkylenimine and organoalkoxysilane selected from the group consisting of acrylatoalkoxysilane, methacrylatoalkoxysilane and vinylalkoxysilane.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 19 wherein said alkylenimine is hydroxyethyl ethylenimine and said organoalkoxysilane is gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
73 words
The method of claim 13 wherein said polymeric dispersion stabilizer is a graft copolymer containing two polymeric segments of which one segment is solvated by said dispersing liquid and the second segment is an anchor polymer of different polarity to said first segment and is relatively non-solvatable by said dispersing liquid and wherein said polymeric dispersion stabilizer contains pendant groups which are addition copolymerized with the ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the copolymerization process.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
44 words
The method of claim 21 wherein said polymeric dispersion stabilizer is formed by graft copolymerizing the reaction product of glycidyl methacrylate and poly-(12-hydroxystearic acid), with methyl methacrylate and glycidyl methacrylate and the resulting copolymer product containing pendant epoxy groups is reacted with methacrylic acid.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
36 words
The method of claim 13 wherein said other copolymerizable monoethylenically unsaturated monomer is methyl methacrylate, said alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid is methacrylic acid, and said crosslinking monomer is a mixture of gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and hydroxyethyl ethylenimine.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method of claim 13 wherein said other copolymerizable monoethylenically unsaturated monomer is methyl methacrylate, said alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid is methacrylic acid and said crosslinking monomer is glycidyl methacrylate.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1982-04-02 | 1982-10-02 | 1983-04-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1986-04-02 | 1986-10-02 | 1987-04-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1990-04-02 | 1990-10-02 | 1991-04-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |