Patent US4526529A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4526529A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Clean combustion process/apparatus
Assignee: Rhodia Chimie SAS
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Filing: 1984-05-21
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Granted: 1985-07-02
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Expires: 2004-05-21
Abstract
Abstract The clean combustion of a combustible material is facilely carried out by (i) in situ generating a dispersing first stream of hot combustion gases by establishing a first downstream axially extending, axially symmetrical helical flowstream of combustion-supporting gases in a first combustion reaction zone and by introduction and combustion of a combustible fluid feedstream therein, (ii) serially directly contacting and intimately admixing the material cleanly combustible hereby with said first stream of hot combustion gases at a zone of reduced pressure thereof defining the inlet end of a second combustion reaction zone and whereat and downstream thereof said first stream of hot combustion gases is also in the configuration of an axially symmetrical helical flowstream, (iii) the amounts of said combustion-supporting gases and said combustible fluid being such as to effect essentially instantaneous dispersion and entrainment of fine particles of said cleanly combustible material at and downstream of said point of direct contact with said first stream of hot combustion gases, (iv) establishing a second downstream axially extending, axially symmetrical helical flowstream of combustion-supporting gases in said second combustion reaction zone, and (v) whereby said cleanly combustible material dispersed and entrained within said first stream of hot combustion gases is introduced into and combusted within said second stream of combustion-supporting gases in said second combustion reaction zone.
Inventors
- 👤 Philippe Bernard
- 👤 Francois Prudhon
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 12:08
CPC Classifications
F; F23; F23C; F23C3/00; F23C3/006; F23C6/00; F23C6/04; F23G; F23G5/00; F23G5/32; F23M; F23M5/00; F23M5/08
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 23
Claim 1
Independent Claim
216 words
A process for the clean combustion of a combustible material, comprising (i) in situ generating a dispersing first stream of hot combustion gases by establishing a first downstream axially extending, axially symmetrical helical flowstream of combustion-supporting gases in a first combustion reaction zone and by introduction and combustion of a combustible fluid feedstream therein, (ii) serially directly contacting and intimately admixing the material cleanly combustible hereby with said first stream of hot combustion gases at a zone of reduced pressure thereof defining the inlet end of a second combustion reaction zone and whereat and downstream thereof said first stream of hot combustion gases is also in the configuration of an axially symmetrical helical flowstream, (iii) the amounts of said combustion-supporting gases and said combustible fluid being such as to effect essentially instantaneous dispersion and entrainment of fine particles of said cleanly combustible material at and downstream of said point of direct contact with said first stream of hot combustion gases, (iv) establishing a second downstream axially extending, axially symmetrical helical flowstream of combustion-supporting gases in said second combustion reaction zone, and (v) whereby said cleanly combustible material dispersed and entrained within said first stream of hot combustion gases is introduced into and combusted within said second stream of combustion-supporting gases in said second combustion reaction zone.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
216 words
A process for the clean combustion of a combustible material, comprising (i) in situ generating a dispersing first stream of hot combustion gases by establishing a first downstream axially extending, axially symmetrical helical flowstream of combustion-supporting gases in a first combustion reaction zone and by introduction and combustion of a combustible fluid feedstream therein, (ii) serially directly contacting and intimately admixing the material cleanly combustible hereby with said first stream of hot combustion gases at a zone of reduced pressure thereof defining the inlet end of a second combustion reaction zone and whereat and downstream thereof said first stream of hot combustion gases is also in the configuration of an axially symmetrical helical flowstream, (iii) the amounts of said combustion-supporting gases and said combustible fluid being such as to effect essentially instantaneous dispersion and entrainment of fine particles of said cleanly combustible material at and downstream of said point of direct contact with said first stream of hot combustion gases, (iv) establishing a second downstream axially extending, axially symmetrical helical flowstream of combustion-supporting gases in said second combustion reaction zone, and (v) whereby said cleanly combustible material dispersed and entrained within said first stream of hot combustion gases is introduced into and combusted within said second stream of combustion-supporting gases in said second combustion reaction zone.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process as defined by claim 1, said zone of reduced pressure comprising an outlet of restricted flow passage.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
37 words
The process as defined by claim 1, the momentum of said first stream of hot combustion gases being at least 100 times greater than the momentum of said cleanly combustible material at said zone of reduced pressure.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
32 words
The process as defined by claim 3, the momentum of said first stream of hot combustion gases ranging from 1000 to 10,000 times greater than the momentum of said cleanly combustible material.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process as defined by claim 3, said cleanly combustible material being introduced at a rate of less than 10 m/s.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process as defined by claim 1, said first flowstream of combustion-supporting gases comprising air.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process as defined by claim 6, said second flowstream of combustion-supporting gases also comprising air.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process as defined by claim 1, the temperature in said first combustion reaction zone ranging from 1000° to 2500° C.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process as defined by claim 1, said cleanly combustible material comprising a heavy fuel.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process as defined by claim 9, said cleanly combustible material comprising No. 4 to No. 6 fuel oil.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process as defined by claim 1, said combustible fluid comprising a gaseous hydrocarbon.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process as defined by claim 1, said combustible fluid comprising a liquid hydrocarbon.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process as defined by claim 1, said cleanly combustible material comprising a combustible suspension.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
34 words
The process as defined by claim 1, wherein the pressure downstream thereof is about atmospheric, there is a pressure differential between same and a symmetrical helical flowstream of less than about 10 5 Pa.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process as defined by claim 1, said combustible fluid comprising hydrogen.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process as defined by claim 1, said cleanly combustible material comprising a solid, carbon-containing material.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
100 words
The process as defined by claim 1, said first and second flowstreams of combustion-supporting gases comprising air, with the ratio by weight of the amount of air comprising said second flowstream of combustion-supporting gases to the amount of air comprising said first flowstream of combustion-supporting gases ranging from 1 to 100, the ratio by weight of the total amount of combustible fluid introduced to the total amount of cleanly combustible material introduced ranging from 0.01 to 0.1, and the temperature of said first stream of hot combustion gases exiting said first combustion reaction zone ranging from 400° to 1000° C.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
65 words
The process as defined by claim 1, further comprising serially directly contacting and intimately admixing a third material with the second stream of hot combustion gases at a zone of reduced pressure thereof defining the inlet end of a treatment third zone and whereat and downstream thereof said second stream of hot combustion gases is also in the configuration of an axially symmetrical helical flowstream.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
238 words
Apparatus adopted for the clean combustion of a combustible material, comprising (i) a first hollow casing member closed at the upstream end thereof, (ii) a first perforated sleeve inwardly spaced from said casing and defining (iii) a first annular interspace therebetween, (iv) a downstream converging wall section of said casing terminating in (v) a first outlet port of reduced cross-section, and defining a zone of restricted flow passage, (vi) a first reaction chamber within said first perforated sleeve, (vii) at least one tangential feed inlet communicating with said first annular interspace for establishing an axially symmetrical helical downstream flow of reactants within said first reaction chamber, (viii) at least one non-tangential feed inlet communicating with said first reaction chamber, (ix) a second hollow casing member integrally communicating with said first hollow casing member at said port of reduced cross-section and first outwardly flaring and then directly extending downstream thereof, (x) a second perforated sleeve inwardly spaced from said second casing and defining a second annular interspace therebetween, (xi) a second reaction chamber within said second perforated sleeve, (xii) at least one tangential feed inlet communicating with said second annular interspace for establishing an axially symmetrical helical downstream flow of reactants within said second reaction chamber, (xiii) an inlet for injecting feed into said second reaction chamber, at the upstream end thereof essentially comprising said first outlet port of reduced cross-section, and (xiv) a second reaction chamber outlet port.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
238 words
Apparatus adopted for the clean combustion of a combustible material, comprising (i) a first hollow casing member closed at the upstream end thereof, (ii) a first perforated sleeve inwardly spaced from said casing and defining (iii) a first annular interspace therebetween, (iv) a downstream converging wall section of said casing terminating in (v) a first outlet port of reduced cross-section, and defining a zone of restricted flow passage, (vi) a first reaction chamber within said first perforated sleeve, (vii) at least one tangential feed inlet communicating with said first annular interspace for establishing an axially symmetrical helical downstream flow of reactants within said first reaction chamber, (viii) at least one non-tangential feed inlet communicating with said first reaction chamber, (ix) a second hollow casing member integrally communicating with said first hollow casing member at said port of reduced cross-section and first outwardly flaring and then directly extending downstream thereof, (x) a second perforated sleeve inwardly spaced from said second casing and defining a second annular interspace therebetween, (xi) a second reaction chamber within said second perforated sleeve, (xii) at least one tangential feed inlet communicating with said second annular interspace for establishing an axially symmetrical helical downstream flow of reactants within said second reaction chamber, (xiii) an inlet for injecting feed into said second reaction chamber, at the upstream end thereof essentially comprising said first outlet port of reduced cross-section, and (xiv) a second reaction chamber outlet port.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
24 words
The apparatus as defined by claim 19, said inlet into said second reaction chamber being adopted to inject feed along the longitudinal axis thereof.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
62 words
The apparatus as defined by claim 19, said second casing member comprising a downstream converging wall section terminating in an outlet port of reduced cross-section, and defining a second zone of restricted flow passage, and a third hollow casing member integrally communicating with said second hollow casing member at said second port of reduced cross-section and defining a treatment zone downstream therefrom.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-07-01 | 1988-12-31 | 1989-07-02 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-07-01 | 1992-12-31 | 1993-07-02 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-07-01 | 1996-12-31 | 1997-07-02 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |