US4124353A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method and apparatus for carrying out a reaction between streams of fluid
Assignee: Rhone Poulenc Industries SA
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Filing: 1977-02-18
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Granted: 1978-11-07
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Expires: 1997-02-18
Abstract
Abstract The invention concerns a method and apparatus for carrying out a reaction, particularly an exothermic one, between fluids, at a certain distance from the walls, the walls being protected from excessive heating. The apparatus comprises an external casing which is cylindrical or frustoconical, an internal perforated wall which is co-axial with the casing and which bounds the reaction chamber, an axial injection pipe for part of the reagents and a tangential feed pipe for another part of the reagents, the feed pipe imparting a symmetrical helical movement to them. The method is specially applied to the combustion of many different fluids, and the apparatus enables the heat liberated to be directed in a very flexible manner.
Inventors
- 👤 Francois Prudhon
- 👤 Augustin Scicluna
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 09:27
CPC Classifications
F; F23; F23C; F23C7/00; F23C7/02; F23C7/06; F23M; F23M5/00; F23M5/08; F23M5/085
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 15
Claim 1
Independent Claim
192 words
A method for carrying out a reaction between fluid streams, at least one of which is in a vapor or gaseous state, in a reaction zone defined by a cylindrical wall, in which the reaction is carried out in a region remote from said wall, comprising introducing a fluid stream of one of the reactants into the reaction zone for axial flow from an inlet at one end of the reaction zone toward an outlet at the other end, introducing the stream of fluid in the vapor or gaseous state for helicoidal symmetrical flow about the outside of the cylindrical wall in the direction towards the inlet end, causing most of the gas in helicoidal flow to flow through openings in the wall adjacent the inlet for continued flow into and through the reaction zone in helical paths about the axial stream and in the same axial direction, enabling the fluid of the axial stream to intermix with vapor or gas from the adjacent portion of the helical stream during continued flow through the reaction zone for reaction while the helical stream confines the reaction to a region remote from the wall.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
192 words
A method for carrying out a reaction between fluid streams, at least one of which is in a vapor or gaseous state, in a reaction zone defined by a cylindrical wall, in which the reaction is carried out in a region remote from said wall, comprising introducing a fluid stream of one of the reactants into the reaction zone for axial flow from an inlet at one end of the reaction zone toward an outlet at the other end, introducing the stream of fluid in the vapor or gaseous state for helicoidal symmetrical flow about the outside of the cylindrical wall in the direction towards the inlet end, causing most of the gas in helicoidal flow to flow through openings in the wall adjacent the inlet for continued flow into and through the reaction zone in helical paths about the axial stream and in the same axial direction, enabling the fluid of the axial stream to intermix with vapor or gas from the adjacent portion of the helical stream during continued flow through the reaction zone for reaction while the helical stream confines the reaction to a region remote from the wall.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method of claim 1 characterized in that the fluid introduced for axial flow comprises a combustible substance and the fluid introduced for helical flow comprises at least part of the combustion-supporting gas required to burn the said combustible substance.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 1 characterized in that the fluid introduced for axial flow is a liquid which is homogeneously atomized at a distance from the walls.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
199 words
Apparatus for carrying out a reaction between streams of fluid at least one of which is a fluid in a gaseous or vapor state comprising a reaction chamber defined by a cylindrical inner casing closed at one axial end except for an inlet and at least partially open at the other outlet axial end portion, an outer casing spaced from the inner casing to define an annular space therebetween, passages through the inlet end portion of the inner casing communicating the annular space with the reaction chamber, means for introducing a reactant fluid through the inlet for flow in an axial direction from the inlet towards the outlet through the reaction chamber, an inlet means to the outer casing located downstream of the inlet end of the inner casing means for introduction of the fluid in the gaseous or vapor state tangentially through the inlet means into the annular space whereby said fluid flows in helical current about the outside surface of the inner casing and up to and through the passages for continued flow in helical current between the axial stream and the inner casing down about the outer portion of the space defined by the inner casing.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
199 words
Apparatus for carrying out a reaction between streams of fluid at least one of which is a fluid in a gaseous or vapor state comprising a reaction chamber defined by a cylindrical inner casing closed at one axial end except for an inlet and at least partially open at the other outlet axial end portion, an outer casing spaced from the inner casing to define an annular space therebetween, passages through the inlet end portion of the inner casing communicating the annular space with the reaction chamber, means for introducing a reactant fluid through the inlet for flow in an axial direction from the inlet towards the outlet through the reaction chamber, an inlet means to the outer casing located downstream of the inlet end of the inner casing means for introduction of the fluid in the gaseous or vapor state tangentially through the inlet means into the annular space whereby said fluid flows in helical current about the outside surface of the inner casing and up to and through the passages for continued flow in helical current between the axial stream and the inner casing down about the outer portion of the space defined by the inner casing.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
25 words
The apparatus of claim 4 in which the outer casing is of frustoconical shape with the base of larger diameter at the inlet end portion.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
59 words
The apparatus of claim 4, characterized in that half the difference between the internal diameter of the outer casing and of the inner casing is from 1 to 10 cm, and that the internal diameter of the inner casing is from 0.4 to 0.5 vk mm, k being the number of kilocalories liberated hourly by the reaction brought about.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
33 words
The apparatus of claim 4, which includes a circular screen, smaller in diameter than the inner casing arranged in special parallel relation with the wall at the closed end of the reaction chamber.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
40 words
The apparatus of claim 4, which includes a cylindrical jacket 5 to 20 mm thick beyond the closed end wall of the reaction chanber, the wall then being provided with perforations arranged symmetrically relative to the axis of the apparatus.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
26 words
The apparatus of claim 4, which includes a diaphragm comprising a rim with an axial circular opening at the open outlet end of the inner casing.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
29 words
The apparatus of claim 4, which includes a diaphragm with an axial circular aperture across an intermediate portion of the chamber between the inlet end and the outlet end.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
48 words
The apparatus of claim 4, which includes a tangential pipe directly connected to the reaction chamber, near the end of the chamber opposite the inlet for the axial stream, the tangential pipe pointing in the reverse direction to the inlet for the helical stream and the reaction chamber.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
18 words
Apparatus as claimed in claim 4 in which the means for introducing the reactant fluid comprises a nozzle.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
27 words
Apparatus as claimed in claim 7 in which the circular screen is spaced from the wall by an amount within the range of 2 to 20 mm.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-11-06 | 1982-05-08 | 1982-11-07 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-11-06 | 1986-05-08 | 1986-11-07 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-11-06 | 1990-05-08 | 1990-11-07 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |