Patent US4524164A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4524164A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Thermosetting adhesive resins
Assignee: Chemical Process Co
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Filing: 1984-03-23
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Granted: 1985-06-18
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Expires: 2004-03-23
Abstract
Abstract A thermosetting adhesive resin suitable for binding lignocellulosic materials to form products, such as plywood or particle board, is prepared by heating an aqueous sugar or starch solution in the presence of an inorganic acid or its ammonium salt and a metal ion catalyst to obtain a partially polymerized resin which is reacted with an organic acid anhydride just prior to application to the lignocellulosis materials. The adhesive formula contains no formaldehyde and the preferred aqueous solutions are whey or whey byproduct concentrates.
Inventors
- 👤 Tito Viswanathan
- 👤 Thomas Richardson
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 13:55
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09J; C09J103/00; C09J103/04; C09J103/06; C08; C08L; C08L97/00; C08L97/02
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 20
Claim 1
Independent Claim
100 words
A method of preparing a thermosetting resin for binding lignocellulosic materials together to form useful products which consisting essentially of heating an aqueous sugar or starch solution and a crosslinking agent selected from urea, phenol and mixtures of urea and phenol in the presence of an inorganic acid or its ammonium salt and a metal ion catalyst at a temperature between about 50° to about 200° C. for about 30 minutes to about 18 hours to obtain a partially polymerized fusible resin and then adding an organic acid anhydride to the fusible resin prior to application to the lignocellulosic materials.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
100 words
A method of preparing a thermosetting resin for binding lignocellulosic materials together to form useful products which consisting essentially of heating an aqueous sugar or starch solution and a crosslinking agent selected from urea, phenol and mixtures of urea and phenol in the presence of an inorganic acid or its ammonium salt and a metal ion catalyst at a temperature between about 50° to about 200° C. for about 30 minutes to about 18 hours to obtain a partially polymerized fusible resin and then adding an organic acid anhydride to the fusible resin prior to application to the lignocellulosic materials.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
44 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the aqueous solution is selected from a solution containing a sugar selected from lactose, maltose, glucose, galactose, sucrose and mixtures thereof, a starch selected from amylose, amylopectin, dextrin, molasses and mixtures thereof or mixtures of sugar and starches.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the acqueous acidic solution is concentrated whey, whey permeate or salt whey.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the ammonium salt is ammonium nitrate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 1 where the metal ion catalyst is selected from inorganic and organic salts of Cu, Zn, Fe, Co, Ni, Al and Cr.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 1 in which the organic acid anhydride is selected from phthalic anhydride, maleic anhydride, ethylene maleic anhydride or mixtures thereof.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 1 in which the metal ion catalyst is CuSO 4 .
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 1 in which the organic acid anhydride is ethylene maleic anhydride.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
93 words
A method of preparing a fusible resin which upon addition of an organic acid anhydride results in thermosetting adhesive useful in binding lignocellulosic materials, said method consisting essentially of heating an acqueous sugar or starch solution and a crosslinking agent selected from urea, phenol and mixtures of urea and phenol in the presence of an inorganic acid or its ammonium salt and a metal ion catalyst at about 50° C. to about 200° C. for about 30 minutes to about 18 hours to obtain an aqueous solution of a partially polymerized fusible resin.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
93 words
A method of preparing a fusible resin which upon addition of an organic acid anhydride results in thermosetting adhesive useful in binding lignocellulosic materials, said method consisting essentially of heating an acqueous sugar or starch solution and a crosslinking agent selected from urea, phenol and mixtures of urea and phenol in the presence of an inorganic acid or its ammonium salt and a metal ion catalyst at about 50° C. to about 200° C. for about 30 minutes to about 18 hours to obtain an aqueous solution of a partially polymerized fusible resin.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 9 in which the aqueous acidic solution is whey, whey permeate or salt whey.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 9 in which the ammonium salt is ammonium nitrate.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
17 words
An aqueous solution of a partially polymerized fusible resin when prepared by the method of claim 9.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
46 words
The method of claim 9 which includes the added step of precipitating the partially polymerized fusible resin from the aqueous solution by adding a liquid in which resin is insoluble, isolating the precipitated resin from the liquid phase and drying the resin to obtain a powder.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
10 words
A resin powder prepared by the method of claim 13.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
56 words
A method of preparing products, such as plywood and particle board, from lignocellulosic materials which comprises treating the lignocellulosic materials with an adhesive prepared by the method of claim 1 and then heating and pressing a mixture of the lignocellulosic material and adhesive at about 160° C. to about 200° C. until the adhesive is cured.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
9 words
A product made by the method of claim 15.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
63 words
A thermosetting adhesive resin prepared by reacting an aqueous sugar or starch solution with an inorganic acid or its ammonium salt in the presence of a metal ion catalyst at a temperature of about 50° to about 200° C. for about 30 minutes to about 18 hours to obtain a partially polymerized fusible resin which is then reacted with an organic acid anhydride.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
63 words
A thermosetting adhesive resin prepared by reacting an aqueous sugar or starch solution with an inorganic acid or its ammonium salt in the presence of a metal ion catalyst at a temperature of about 50° to about 200° C. for about 30 minutes to about 18 hours to obtain a partially polymerized fusible resin which is then reacted with an organic acid anhydride.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-06-17 | 1988-12-17 | 1989-06-18 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-06-17 | 1992-12-17 | 1993-06-18 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-06-17 | 1996-12-17 | 1997-06-18 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |